Deck 14: Public Order Crime Sex and Substance Abuse

Question 1

In the early West, ________ were set up to pursue cattle rustlers and stagecoach robbers.

Answer 1

vigilance committees

Question 2

Prostitutes known as ____________ move around in groups of two or three to lumber, labor, and agricultural camps.

Answer 2

circuit travelers

Question 3

Many Islamic countries, including Iran and Saudi Arabia, punish prostitution with ___________________.

Answer 3

death

Question 4

Using the Internet to advertise sexual services and make contact with clients is known as ______________

Question 5

During the 1930s, Harry Anslinger, then head of the Federal Bureau of Narcotics, used magazine articles, public appearances, and public testimony to sway public opinion about the dangers of ____________________.

Question 6

Nikki, aka Kat, works as a social worker during the day. Although she regularly makes about $400 a week from her job, her drug habit takes the majority of her money. In order to feed her habit, she often provides sexual services to some of her male clients in return for drugs, especially crack. As far as prostitution typologies are concerned, Nikki would be considered a _______________.

Question 7

__________________is a booming business in which men from wealthy nations engage in sexual activities with trafficked individuals by traveling to destinations where women and young children are prostituted.

Question 8

The _____________ view considers the prostitute a victim of male dominance.

Question 9

The U.S. Supreme Court delivered a historic decision in _____________________ , which made it impermissible for states to criminalize oral and anal sex and all other forms of intercourse that are not heterosexual.

Question 10

Although glamorized by the Julia Roberts character in the film Pretty Woman , ________________ are considered the least attractive, lowest paid, most vulnerable men and women in the profession of prostitution.

Question 11

In 2013, in __________________, the Supreme Court held that Section 3 of the Defense of Marriage Act (DOMA), which restricted the U.S. federal interpretation of "marriage" and "spouse" to apply only to heterosexual unions is unconstitutional.

Question 12

Acts that are considered illegal because they threaten the general well-being of society and challenge its social norms, customs, and values are termed __________________.

Question 13

Paying for nonmarital sex is_______________.

Question 14

A type of moral crusader that existed in the early West was _________, who held strict standards of morality that, when they caught their prey, resulted in sure and swift justice.

Question 15

A __________________against gay marriage led to the passage of the Defense of Marriage Act in 1996, which defined marriage as a union of one man and one woman and prevented the federal government from recognizing same-sex marriages.

Question 16

Deriving pleasure, especially sexual pleasure, from receiving pain or inflicting pain on another is known as ______________.

Question 17

_________________ is the view that behaviors harmful to other people and society in general must be controlled.

Question 18

A ________ is a woman who employs prostitutes, supervises their behavior, and receives a fee for her services; her cut is usually 40 to 60% of the prostitute's earnings.

Question 19

Deriving sexual pleasure from exposing the genitals to surprise or shock a stranger is known as ______________.

Question 20

The book _________ was very controversial because it tells a story about two male penguins raising a baby penguin together.

Question 21

__________________ link the justice system with health services and drug treatment providers while easing the burden on the already overtaxed correctional system.

Question 22

Which of the following is a public order crime?

A) rape
B) petty theft
C) prostitution
D) murder

Question 23

_________ is/are bizarre or abnormal sexual practices involving recurrent sexual urges.

A) Transvestite fetishism
B) Frotteurism
C) Pedophiles
D) Paraphilias

Question 24

Which of the following involves obtaining sexual pleasure from exposing the genitals to surprise or shock a stranger?

A) exhibitionism
B) asphyxiophilia
C) frotteurism
D) sadomasochism

Question 25

_________ is derived from the Latin caenum , for "filth" and is defined by Webster's dictionary as "deeply offensive to morality or decency…designed to incite to lust or depravity."

Question 26

Which of the following involves obtaining sexual pleasure from spying on a stranger while he or she disrobes or engages in sexual behavior with another?

A) voyeurism
B) asphyxiophilia
C) frotteurism
D) sadomasochism

Question 27

Deriving sexual pleasure from receiving pain or inflicting pain is a paraphilia known as:

A) voyeurism
B) asphyxiophilia
C) frotteurism
D) sadomasochism

Question 28

In debating the issue of legislating morality, Joseph Gusfield argues that the purpose of outlawing immoral acts is to show the ______ of those who condemn the acts over those who partake of them.

A) social superiority
B) political superiority
C) economic superiority
D) moral superiority

Question 29

Some refer to public order crimes as "victimless crimes" because participants are willing and not actually harmed. Others claim there is no such thing as a victimless crime. Who, then, should be considered the victim?

A) society as a whole
B) religious institutions
C) the justice system
D) the family

Question 30

Studies of the _________ basis of substance abuse suggest that people whose parents were alcoholic or drug dependent have a greater chance of developing a problem than children of nonabusers.

Question 31

Howard Becker calls individuals who seek to shape the law toward their own way of thinking:

A) moral entrepreneurs.
B) right-way thinkers.
C) one-way thinkers.
D) morality crusaders.

Question 32

_________ is material that is used to provide sexual titillation and excitement, most often for paying customers.

Question 33

Drug use is not a new concept. Smoking the extract from seeds of the __________________, known as "the plant of joy," was practiced 5,000 years ago.

Question 34

Longitudinal studies indicate that drug abusers are maladjusted, alienated, and emotionally distressed and that drug use is only one among a number of many social problems. This causal explanation of substance abuse is termed_____________________.

Question 35

Pornography derives from the Greek porne, meaning "prostitute," and graphein, meaning _________________.

Question 36

Which of the following involves rubbing against or touching a nonconsenting person in a crowded or public area?

A) voyeurism
B) asphyxiophilia
C) frotteurism
D) sadomasochism

Question 37

There are many varieties of drug users. Outwardly _________ adults who are top-level dealers sell large quantities of drugs to support their high-class lifestyles.

Question 38

Acts that are considered illegal because they threaten the general well-being of society and challenge its accepted moral principles are known as:

A) obscenities.
B) paraphilias.
C) economic crimes.
D) public order crimes.

Question 39

Which of the following topics would be of interest to a moral crusader?

A) gay marriage
B) genital mutilation
C) abortion
D) all of the above.

Question 40

_______ are directed against acts that some people believe threaten the moral fabric of society and are a danger to the public order.

A) Civility movements
B) Moral crusades
C) Temperance movements
D) Decency crusades

Question 41

Studies pertaining to the psychological view of the cause of substance abuse have found that many addicts exhibit psychopathic or sociopathic behavior characteristics, forming what is called a/an:

A) dependence-impaired personality.
B) turmoil-prone personality.
C) addiction-prone personality.
D) cognitive-impaired personality.

Question 42

The free-choice view of prostitution expresses women's:

A) subjugation.
B) equality.
C) dominance.
D) social circumstances.

Question 43

According to the Monitoring the Future survey, in 2010 about ____ percent of high school seniors have used drugs.

A) 13
B) 24
C) 40
D) 63

Question 44

There are many different views on the causes of drug use. The subcultural view of substance abuse concentrates on ____ addiction.

A) early-onset
B) adult
C) lower-class
D) adolescent

Question 45

The term prostitution derives from the Latin prostituere , which means:

A) "to do temple duty."
B) "to cause to stand in front of."
C) "to honor Aphrodite."
D) "to make temple payment. "

Question 46

These prostitutes are considered the least attractive, lowest paid, most vulnerable men and women in their profession.

A) bar girls
B) brothel prostitutes
C) street walkers
D) call girls

Question 47

B-girls spend time in bars, drinking and waiting to be picked up by customers. It is common to find B-girls in towns:

A) along the east and west coasts.
B) with large industrial complexes.
C) with military bases.
D) along the southern coastal region.

Question 48

Why do women become prostitutes?

A) They have a long history of drug abuse.
B) They experienced physical and sexual abuse in childhood.
C) They made a rational choice based upon economic need.
D) All of the above.

Question 49

The problem with controlling pornography centers on the definition of:

A) obscenity.
B) filth.
C) contentious content.
D) indecent substance.

Question 50

The word obscenity is derived from the Latin caenum , for:

A) "nudity"
B) "bareness"
C) "paraphilia"
D) "filth"

Question 51

Which of the following is not a known anti-drug law?

A) ​Durham-Humphrey Act
B) ​The Narcotic Control Act
C) ​Boggs Act
D) ​Jefferson Drug Tax Act

Question 52

What do we know about the link between pornography and violence?

A) It is common for serial killers to collect and watch violent pornography.
B) Nations that consume the highest levels of pornography also have extremely high rape rates.
C) It is not certain whether pornography leads to sexual violence or whether people predisposed to sexual violence are drawn to pornography.
D) All of the above.

Question 53

Commercial sexual transactions contain which condition?

A) economic transaction
B) emotional concern
C) activity that has sexual significance for the prostitute
D) all of the above

Question 54

Drug use has existed for centuries. Ancient writings indicate that _____ or the "plant of joy," was used 5,000 years ago.

A) marijuana
B) the opium poppy
C) coca leaves
D) mushrooms

Question 55

While politically appealing, controlling sex for profit is difficult because:

A) Cyber forms of sex-related crimes are immune from prosecution.
B) Right-wing zealots decry any attempt to constrain free speech.
C) The Supreme Court holds that prostitution falls under constitutional protection.
D) The public desires to purchase sexually related material and services.

Question 56

Which of the following is paying for nonmarital sex?

A) transvestite fetishism
B) prostitution
C) pedophilia
D) paraphilia

Question 57

According to the social-learning view of drug abuse, parental drug abuse begins to have a damaging effect on children as young as ___ years old.

A) two
B) four
C) six
D) eight

Question 58

Legally defining obscenity is complicated. To clarify how the concept of community standards were to be determined, the Supreme Court articulated the reasonableness doctrine in the case of:

A) Pope v. Illinois.
B) Miller v. California.
C) Memoirs v. Massachusetts.
D) Roth v. United States.

Question 59

The sexual-equality view of prostitution considers the prostitute a victim of:

A) double standards.
B) the legal system.
C) male dominance.
D) social circumstances.

Question 60

The aristocrats of prostitution are call girls. Upon their retirement, what is it that call girls can sell for thousands of dollars?

A) their collection of client business cards
B) their political influence
C) their "call house" or apartment
D) their date book

Question 61

In international trafficking in prostitution, the most common way for a woman to be recruited is through an organized crime member who gains the woman's confidence.

Question 62

Methadone is a drug similar to heroin, and addicts can be treated at clinics where they receive methadone under controlled conditions.

Question 63

According to the psychological view of substance-abuse causation, people may turn to drugs as a form of self-medication to relieve the emotional turmoil of adolescence or to cope with traumatic life experiences.

Question 64

The most recent surveys show that the drug use rate among parolees is __________ that of the general population.

A) ​equal to
B) ​double
C) ​triple
D) ​five times

Question 65

Prostitutes who work the streets in plain sight of police are referred to as call girls.

Question 66

Recent research on D.A.R.E has found:

A) ​little to no effect and needed changes.
B) ​positive results for fifth- and sixth-graders.
C) ​little effect at reducing heroin usage.
D) ​positive results for gateway drugs.

Question 67

An explanation of drug abuse that posits that users begin with a more benign drug (alcohol or marijuana) and progress to more potent drugs is known as:

A) ​gateway model.
B) ​benign model.
C) ​open-ended model.
D) ​progressive model.

Question 68

Some paraphiliacs' activities are out of the law's reach.

Question 69

Each year, more than a million children are believed to be used in pornography or prostitution.

Question 70

It is illegal to possess animated depictions of child pornography even though they do not contain any pictures of real children.

Question 71

The drug trade is an important source of foreign revenue for third-world countries.

Question 72

Researchers at the National Center on Addiction and Substance Abuse found that approximately 85% of current inmates could benefit from drug-abuse treatment.

Question 73

In 1914, the Harrison Narcotics Tax Act restricted importation, manufacture, sale, and dispensing of narcotics.

Question 74

An effort to prohibit the sale of liquor in the United States that resulted in the passage of the Eighteenth Amendment to the Constitution in 1919 is known as the:

A) anti-alcohol movement.
B) bootleg war.
C) alcohol-prevention act.
D) temperance movement.

Question 75

Prostitutes known as street walkers move around in groups of two or three to lumber, labor, and agricultural camps.

Question 76

Public order crimes are behaviors outlawed because they conflict with social policy, prevailing moral rules, and current public opinion.

Question 77

Asphyxiophilia involves rubbing against or touching a nonconsenting person in a crowd, elevator, or other public area.

Question 78

Research on gateway drugs indicates that many American youths have tried marijuana. Sadly, most of these adolescent users progress to crack or heroin abuse.

Question 79

Public order crimes are typically considered to be victimless crimes.

Question 80

The problem of controlling pornography centers on the definition of obscenity.