Deck 4: Pharmacokinetics

Question 1

Which organ impacts a drugs metabolism?

A)Stomach
B)Liver
C)Heart
D)Small intestines

Answer 1

Liver

Question 2

Which drugs may cause altered elimination?

A)Acetaminophen
B)Diuretics
C)Antacids
D)Prednisone

Answer 2

Diuretics

Question 3

What is another name for the biotransformation step in pharmacokinetics?

A)Absorption
B)Distribution
C)Metabolism
D)Elimination

Answer 3

Metabolism

Question 4

Drug distribution is affected by all of the following except?

A)Elimination
B)Tissue perfusion
C)Protein binding
D)Membrane permeability

Question 5

What is the pH of number of something that is neutral?

A)0
B)14
C)1
D)7

Question 6

When dosing obese animals, base the dose on ______.

A)actual current weight
B)estimated lean weight
C)the difference between actual and estimated weight
D)percentage of actual weight

Question 7

How is milk elimination affected by drugs?

A)Milk elimination is not affected by drugs.
B)Milk elimination affects the young offspring and milk products.
C)Milk elimination needs to be shelved until the half-life is achieved.
D)Milk elimination can be treated so that it does not affect others.

Question 8

Which type of drug movement does insulin use?

A)Passive diffusion
B)Facilitated diffusion
C)Active transport
D)Pinocytosis/phagocytosis

Question 9

Where are the capillaries which have no fenestrations, allowing no permeability?

A)The brain
B)The liver
C)The stomach
D)The heart

Question 10

What is the term for the degree to which a drug is absorbed and reaches circulation?

A)Absorption
B)Bioequivalent
C)Ionization
D)Bioavailability

Question 11

Which step in pharmacokinetics is when the drug enters the blood?

A)Absorption
B)Distribution
C)Metabolism
D)Elimination

Question 12

How does body temperature affect metabolism?

A)Higher body temperature decreases drug metabolism.
B)Higher body temperature increases drug metabolism.
C)Body temperature does not affect drug metabolism.
D)Lower body temperature increases drug metabolism.

Question 13

What is the effect of metabolism?

A)To make drugs neutralized for distribution.
B)To make drugs unbound for tissue perfusion.
C)To make drugs ionized for absorption.
D)To make drugs water soluble for elimination.

Question 14

Which mechanism of drug movement uses energy and a carrier?

A)Passive diffusion
B)Facilitated diffusion
C)Active transport
D)Pinocytosis/phagocytosis

Question 15

Which of the following statements is true?

A)Drugs that are partially absorbed have a bioavailability of 50 percent.
B)Drugs that are partially absorbed have a bioavailability of less than one.
C)Drugs that are partially absorbed have a bioavailability of 25 percent.
D)Drugs that are partially absorbed have a bioavailability of 75 percent.

Question 16

In order for a drug to be approved by the FDA as a generic equivalent, which of the following must be true?

A)It must vary less than 50 percent from the comparison drug.
B)It must vary less than 20 percent from the comparison drug.
C)It must vary less than 75 percent from the comparison drug.
D)It must vary less than 30 percent from the comparison drug.

Question 17

When discussing protein binding, what does a free drug mean?

A)It is in the tissues.
B)It is attached to a protein.
C)It is unbound.
D)It is in an equilibrium state.

Question 18

When a drug molecule changes from an ionized to nonionized form as it moves from one body compartment to another it is called ______.

A)charging
B)equilibrium
C)ionization
D)ion trapping

Question 19

What are the main organs of elimination?

A)Colon and large intestines
B)Stomach and small intestines
C)Heart and lungs
D)Kidney and liver

Question 20

Which of the following receives the least blood flow so therefore would be less affected by drugs sent through the bloodstream?

A)Skeletal muscle
B)Lungs
C)Fat
D)Brain

Question 21

In order for a drug to work, it interacts with a(n)_____.

A)receptor
B)agonist
C)antagonist
D)affinity

Question 22

If an antagonist and agonist are both competing for the same receptor, which of the following can be done?

A)Use equal doses of the agonist and antagonist.
B)Use high doses of the antagonist.
C)Use low doses of the agonist.
D)Use high doses of the agonist.

Question 23

Which of the following is a drug that binds to a cell receptor and prevents the cell from performing some function?

A)Receptor
B)Agonist
C)Antagonist
D)Affinity

Question 24

What is a drug that binds to a cell receptor and stimulates a response characteristic of that cell?

A)Receptor
B)Agonist
C)Antagonist
D)Affinity

Question 25

Which administration will peak first?

A)Oral
B)IV
C)Rectal
D)Vaginal