Deck 7: Drugs Affecting the Nervous System

Question 1

Which system is responsible for decreasing GI function?

A)Peripheral nervous system
B)Parasympathetic nervous system
C)Central nervous system
D)Sympathetic nervous system

Answer 1

Sympathetic nervous system

Question 2

What inhibits transduction in the pain pathway?

A)Tricyclic antidepressants
B)Opioids and NSAIDs
C)O₂ adrenergic agonists
D)General anesthesia

Answer 2

Opioids and NSAIDs

Question 3

What allows an impulse to move across a synapse from one neuron to another?

A)Dendrite
B)Neurotransmitter
C)Terminal end fiber
D)Axon

Answer 3

Neurotransmitter

Question 4

Which nervous system is also called the fight-or-flight system?

A)Peripheral nervous system
B)Parasympathetic nervous system
C)Central nervous system
D)Sympathetic nervous system

Question 5

Which type of receptor affects skeletal muscles?

A)Muscarinic
B)Dopaminergic
C)Nicotinic
D)Adrenergic

Question 6

What drug reverses all clinical effects of opioids?

A)Naloxone
B)Loperamide
C)Diphenoxylate
D)Serotonin

Question 7

Which sympathetic receptor types are found mainly in smooth muscles of the lung?

A)Alpha 1
B)Alpha 2
C)Beta 1
D)Beta 2

Question 8

Which drug would be used to decrease the intraocular pressure of glaucoma?

A)Bethanechol
B)Pilocarpine
C)Neostigmine
D)Organophospate

Question 9

What drugs lessen anxiety but do not make the animal drowsy?

A)Sedatives
B)Tranquilizers
C)Antianxiety drugs
D)Barbituates

Question 10

Which nervous system increases GI function and causes the pupils to constrict?

A)Peripheral nervous system
B)Parasympathetic nervous system
C)Central nervous system
D)Sympathetic nervous system

Question 11

Which nervous system makes constant adjustments of body functions to maintain life?

A)ANS
B)PNS
C)CNS
D)SNS

Question 12

What is the space between two neurons?

A)Terminal end fiber
B)Neuron
C)Dendrite
D)Synapse

Question 13

Which of the following is an example of a neuroleptanalgesic?

A)Fentanyl
B)Apomorphine
C)Naltrexone
D)Tapentadol

Question 14

These sympathetic receptor types cause inhibition of norepinephrine release in the brain, resulting in drowsiness: ______.

A)Alpha 1
B)Alpha 2
C)Beta 1
D)Beta 2

Question 15

Anesthesia does not mean _______.

A)lacking sensation
B)without perception
C)unconsciousness
D)muscle relaxation

Question 16

Which anticonvulsant would be prescribed for an animal with hepatic disease?

A)Phenobarbital
B)Pentobarbital
C)Diazepam
D)Potassium bromide

Question 17

This part of the neuron conducts impulses away from the cell body toward the muscle cells, glands, or other nerves: ______.

A)cell body
B)dendrites
C)terminal end fibers
D)axon

Question 18

The three types of opioid receptors include all of the following except ______.

A)mu
B)delta
C)kappa
D)gamma

Question 19

Which of the following is NOT a type of neuron?

A)Sensory
B)Chemical
C)Motor
D)Associative

Question 20

What is the basic unit of the nervous system?

A)Cell body
B)Neuron
C)Dendrite
D)Synapse

Question 21

How do diuretics help CHF?

A)They increase urine output and pulmonary edema.
B)They decrease blood pressure and urine output.
C)They decrease plasma volume, reducing pulmonary edema.
D)They increase plasma volume and reduce pulmonary edema.

Question 22

What is the long-term harm of peripheral vasoconstriction?

A)Hypertension
B)Increased work and O₂ demand
C)Renal hypoperfusion and failure
D)Edema and ascites

Question 23

Where does the blood accumulate when the left side of the heart fails?

A)Brain
B)Lungs
C)Arms
D)Legs

Question 24

This drug is used to treat heart failure in horse and other large animals, but may cause tachycardia in dogs and cats: ______.

A)ephedrine
B)dobutamine
C)norepinephine
D)dopamine

Question 25

Which drug is approved by the FDA for the treatment of hypertension in cats?

A)Benazepril
B)Enalapril
C)Telmisartan
D)Hydralazine

Question 26

Which of the following drugs is a cardiac glycoside that increases the strength of contractions and decreases heart rate?

A)Propranolol
B)Digoxin
C)Coumarin
D)Telmisartan

Question 27

Which of the following is a beta blocker used in veterinary medicine?

A)Propranolol
B)Digoxin
C)Coumarin
D)Telmisartan

Question 28

What are adverse effects of beta blockers?

A)Bradycardia and hypotension
B)Hypertension and glaucoma
C)Hypertension and heart failure
D)Increased heart rate and vasodilation

Question 29

Which drug is used to relax the urinary sphincters and reduce the recurrence of urinary blockage in cats?

A)Tolazoline
B)Yohimbine
C)Acepromazine
D)Prazosin

Question 30

What is the adverse effect of nitroglycerin?

A)Vomiting
B)Hypotension
C)Fever
D)Lethargy

Question 31

What drug is approved by the FDA for use in dogs with CHF due to cardiomyopathy or mitral valve disease?

A)Benazepril
B)Enalapril
C)Telmisartan
D)Hydralazine

Question 32

Which catecholamine receptor treats diseases such as feline asthma where bronchodilation is needed?

A)α1
B)α2
C)β1
D)β2

Question 33

How is nitroglycerin administered to animals?

A)Injected
B)Orally
C)Rectally
D)Topically

Question 34

When preparing an animal for a C-section, which would be drug of choice?

A)Atropine
B)Propantheline
C)Epinephrine
D)Glycopyrrolate

Question 35

Which area of the heart receives the deoxygenated blood from the venous circulation?

A)Left atrium
B)Right atrium
C)Left ventricle
D)Right ventricle

Question 36

What is the term for enlargement of the heart?

A)Pulmonary edema
B)Ascites
C)Peripheral vasoconstriction
D)Cardiomegaly

Question 37

On an ECG, what depicts the delay between depolarization of the atria and ventricles as the impulse travels through the AV node?

A)QRS complex
B)A P-wave
C)A T-wave
D)P-R interval

Question 38

______ creates the heart rate.

A)The frequency of cardiac contractions
B)The wavelike depolarization of the AV valves
C)The spontaneous impulses of the SA node
D)The delayed reaction of the AV nodes

Question 39

What drug is used to alleviate exercise-induced pulmonary hemorrhage in horses?

A)Furosemide
B)Epinephrine
C)Nitroglycerin
D)Hydralazine

Question 40

To remember the adverse effects of cholinergic drugs use the acronym: ______.

A)AChE
B)2-PAM
C)SLUDDE
D)CPCR

Question 41

To help baby pigs with anemia, what nutritional supplement can be given?

A)Folic acid
B)Iron
C)Erythropoietin
D)Darbepoetin

Question 42

Which of the following is an anticoagulant that prevents the conversion of prothrombin to thrombin?

A)Aspirin
B)Heparin
C)Coumarin
D)EDTA

Question 43

What is an adverse effect of aspirin?

A)Bronchospasm
B)Lethargy
C)Hypotension
D)Vomiting

Question 44

Which of the following is an adverse effect of calcium channel blockers?

A)Bronchospasm
B)Lethargy
C)Hypotension
D)Vomiting

Question 45

Which of the following is the preferred treatment in dogs and cats with anemia of chronic kidney disease?

A)Folic acid
B)Cyanocobalamin
C)Erythropoietin
D)Darbepoetin

Question 46

What is used to treat vitamin B₁₂ deficiencies?

A)Folic acid
B)Cyanocobalamin
C)Erythropoietin
D)Darbepoetin

Question 47

What is used to control bleeding after dehorning of cattle, sheep, and goats?

A)Silver nitrate sticks
B)Ferrous sulfate powder
C)Gelfoam gelatin sponge
D)Thrombogen topical thrombin solution

Question 48

What is used to treat bleeding disorders associated with rodenticide toxicity?

A)Aspirin
B)Vitamin K₁
C)Silver nitrate
D)Iron

Question 49

Which of the following is an adverse effect of EDTA?

A)Diarrhea
B)Lethargy
C)Hypotension
D)Bleeding

Question 50

Which of the following drugs has few adverse effects?

A)Vitamin K₁
B)Aspirin
C)Iron
D)Folic acid