Deck 12: Death and Loss

Question 1

Task-based model for coping with dying has four main areas of task work. It includes all of the following EXCEPT :

A) physical tasks.
B) social tasks.
C) spiritual tasks.
D) psychiatric tasks.

Answer 1

D

Question 2

_______________ involves providing lethal means to cause a person's death, with the individual performing the act that ends his or her own life.

A) Irrational suicide
B) Impulsive suicide
C) Assisted suicide
D) Letting nature take its course

Answer 2

C

Question 3

Jane feels unappreciated and is contemplating suicide with the idea that people would talk about her and feel sorry for the way they treated her. The hidden meaning for her thoughts about suicide is an:

A) act of hostility.
B) attempt to control and exert power over people.
C) attempt to be noticed.
D) escape from a difficult or impossible situation.

Answer 3

C

Question 4

Jerry is dying a slow, painful death from cancer and has thought about ending his life by suicide. His desire to die is most likely based on his need to:

A) end the pain.
B) express his shame or failure.
C) punish himself.
D) plead for euthanasia.

Question 5

The process of dying involves:

A) choice concerning the losses we suffer in dying.
B) a gradual diminishing of the range of choices available to us although we still have choices about how we handle it.
C) an inability to choose our attitude toward our death and the way we relate to it.
D) methodically going through the 5 stages of dying.

Question 6

Which of the following statements is FALSE ?

A) Only ten states have enacted legislation allowing doctor-assisted suicide.
B) Rational suicide is sometimes argued to be morally and ethically appropriate when people are in severe pain and there is no hope of recovery.
C) Many people oppose interventions that unnecessarily prolong life by artificial and unusual means.
D) There is a difference between suicide and allowing nature to take its course.

Question 7

__________ is a document in which the person specifies the conditions under which he or she wishes to receive certain treatment or to refuse or discontinue life-sustaining treatment.

A) Durable power of attorney for health care
B) Living will
C) Advance directives
D) Assisted suicide

Question 8

__________ means that a person has decided-after going through a decision-making process and without coercion from others-to end his or her life because of extreme suffering involved with a terminal illness.

A) Irrational suicide
B) Murder
C) Rational suicide
D) Irrationality

Question 9

People who attempt suicide experience all of the following EXCEPT :

A) they see life as unbearable.
B) they are unaware that there are options for living differently.
C) they forget that we can never perfectly predict the future.
D) they remember nothing changes.

Question 10

The awareness of death:

A) tends to paralyze us in terms of taking action.
B) serves as an awakening experience.
C) inevitably leads to a chronic state of depression.
D) is considered to be unhealthy by most psychologists.

Question 11

Many people tend to experience the five stages of dying that Kübler-Ross has delineated in a(n) ____________________ fashion.

A) linear
B) nonlinear
C) orderly
D) identical

Question 12

Kübler-Ross emphasizes that the stages of dying:

A) are neat, compartmentalized stages and every person passes through them in an orderly fashion.
B) do not apply to those who are dying of AIDS.
C) are a standard by which to judge whether a dying person's behavior is normal or right.
D) are fluid, and a person may experience a combination of stages, skip one or more stages, or go back to earlier stages.

Question 13

The typical sequence in the stages of dying, according to Kübler-Ross, is:

A) anger, denial, bargaining, despair, acceptance.
B) denial, anger, bargaining, depression, acceptance.
C) shock, questioning, denial, bargaining, acceptance.
D) anxiety, depression, anger, hope, joy.

Question 14

The ancient Greeks had an attitude toward death that is best summed up in the dictum:

A) "Eat, drink, and be merry, for tomorrow you may die."
B) "Live each moment to the fullest and forget about dying."
C) "Contemplate death if you would learn how to live."
D) "Be willing to die for those things we believe in."

Question 15

Psychiatrist Irvin Yalom's work in group therapy with cancer patients demonstrated that:

A) they felt utter hopelessness about changing their lives.
B) they had the capacity to view their life crisis as an opportunity to instigate change in their lives.
C) most of them denied they had cancer.
D) there was a move on their part to cut off communications with their loved ones.

Question 16

Which of the following is NOT a question a counselor who subscribes to the relational model of death and grieving would ask a client who has recently lost her father?

A) What did your father mean to you when he was alive?
B) How have you continued to remember your father since his death?
C) How do you continue to draw upon your father's experience or wisdom?
D) What stories would you like to forget about your father?

Question 17

When a family member commits suicide, the immediate reaction is generally:

A) shock and distress.
B) fear that another family member may repeat the act.
C) a sense of shame because of the stigma of suicide.
D) anger toward the deceased.

Question 18

Joe's parents are seeking counseling after their 16-year-old son committed suicide. It is the role of the counselor to help them deal with:

A) the nature of unfinished business.
B) their feelings of abandonment, loneliness, and isolation.
C) correcting distortions they may hold.
D) helping them hold onto regrets and blame and give expression to their anger.

Question 19

Death is feared because all of the following EXCEPT :

A) it seems to condemn us to losing ourselves.
B) it entails leaving behind those we love.
C) coping with the difficulties involved in a painful or long dying process.
D) encountering the known.

Question 20

__________ is quite common and is often directed toward the deceased and may also be aimed at oneself or at friends, family members, and health care providers.

A) Peace
B) Fear
C) Depression
D) Anger

Question 21

The hospice movement came about in response to what many people perceived to be:

A) inadequate care for the dying in conventional hospitals.
B) insurance companies taking charge of what treatments are available to a dying person.
C) doctor's unwillingness to take drastic measures to save the dying person's life.
D) adequate care for family members in hospitals.

Question 22

In regard to the acceptance stage of dying:

A) it is a happy stage because the person is no longer struggling with a desire to live.
B) all people achieve acceptance before dying.
C) the person is neither depressed nor angry, often tired and weak, and deals with reality.
D) it is one of surrender and despair because of the realization that it is futile to fight any longer.

Question 23

Emily is dying, and her family has placed her in a homelike environment where she will be allowed to die with dignity. Emily is in a:

A) hospital.
B) hospice.
C) nursing home.
D) transitional home.

Question 24

Which of the following statements is/are NOT true about the prevention of suicide?

A) It is possible to prevent all suicides.
B) Preventive measures can reduce the number of suicides.
C) When someone displays suicidal signs, it is crucial to provide empathy and support.
D) Suicide prevention centers with 24-hour-a-day telephone support are available in most cities.

Question 25

The following tactic would be helpful to use when dealing with a dying person who is depressed:

A) trying to cheer them up.
B) helping them avoid the reality of the situation.
C) encouraging them to talk about their feelings and make final plans.
D) teaching them how to overcome the irrational "self-talk" that is keeping them stuck in their depression.

Question 26

__________ involves speeding up the dying process, which can entail withholding or withdrawing life support.

A) Hastened death
B) Assisted suicide
C) Murder
D) Rational suicide

Question 27

Which of the following signs may NOT indicate that an individual is at risk for suicide?

A) absence of a sense of purpose in life
B) giving away prized possessions
C) increased substance use
D) increase in spending time with friends and family

Question 28

Which of the following is NOT a common myth about suicide?

A) Suicide often takes place with little or no warning.
B) People who talk about committing suicide will not do it.
C) A sudden need to get one's life in order is a sign that a person may be at risk for suicide.
D) People who are suicidal remain so forever.

Question 29

By remembering loved ones in our conversations, we create new relationships with them, which is referred to as:

A) continuing membership.
B) renewed membership.
C) lifetime membership.
D) major denial.

Question 30

A chronic stage of depression and a restricted range of feelings suffered by some grieving persons are often attributed to:

A) having an undiagnosed personality disorder.
B) operating on an intellectual level.
C) being stuck in the bargaining stage.
D) some unresolved reaction to a significant loss.

Question 31

What do experiences such as school and college reunions, estate planning and making a will, and significant birthdays and anniversaries have in common?

A) They are milestones that can evoke a range of feelings in us about how fast life is going by and can encourage us to reflect on the choices we want to make for the rest of our life.
B) They have nothing in common.
C) They tend to be positive and productive.
D) They provide people with an opportunity to reconnect with people.

Question 32

The third stage of dying as theorized by Kübler-Ross, which is basically an attempt to postpone the inevitable end, is:

A) pleading.
B) bargaining.
C) praying.
D) negotiating.

Question 33

Although the topic of suicide is treated in a more personal manner in the text, the authors acknowledge that suicide is:

A) a venial sin.
B) a mortal sin.
C) a public health issue.
D) a trend among society's young adults.

Question 34

Which theorist made the following statement about death anxiety? "It's not easy to live every moment wholly aware of death. It's like trying to stare at the sun in the face: you can stand only so much of it. Because we cannot live frozen in fear, we generate methods to soften death's terror."

A) Albert Bandura
B) Albert Ellis
C) Irvin Yalom
D) William Glasser

Question 35

Roger and Becky are divorcing. Even after the decision is made they try to convince themselves that the state of their marriage isn't all that bad, that nobody is perfect, and that things would be worse if they separate. According to Kübler-Ross, they are in the following stage of grief:

A) numbness and shock.
B) rationalization.
C) denial.
D) reaction formation.

Question 36

__________ enables a person to identify one or more individuals who are empowered to speak for the ill person if this individual becomes unable or unwilling to speak for him or herself.

A) Living will
B) Rational suicide
C) Advance directives
D) Durable power of attorney for health care

Question 37

___________ refers to the exploration of feelings of sorrow, anger, and guilt over the experience of a significant loss.
Catharsis

A) Grief work
B) Primal therapy
C) Catharsis
D) Dream work

Question 38

The trend toward more direct involvement in the care for the dying of significant others is exemplified in the:

A) hospice movement.
B) "right to live" movement.
C) "right to die" movement.
D) "assisted suicide" movement.

Question 39

In American society, there appears to be a cultural norm about grief that fosters an expectation:

A) of rituals signifying that the period of mourning is over.
B) that the grieving person will be "back to normal" in a short period of time.
C) of years of counseling in order to fully process the grief.
D) of a prolonged period of mourning.

Question 40

_____________________ are designed to protect the self-determination of people who have reached a point in their illness when they are not able to make decisions on their own about their care.

A) Advance directives
B) Self-determination agreements
C) HIPAA documents
D) Medical records

Question 41

__________________ is about continuing to foster the memory of a person's life even after he or she dies by involving the person in our daily lives, in our conversations, in the choices we make, and in our resources for living.

A) Denial
B) Delusional thinking
C) Re-membering
D) Post-Death Remembrance Syndrome

Question 42

William Blau, who teaches a course on death and dying, points out that:

A) extreme emotional pain and hopelessness are usually subject to change.
B) extreme emotional pain and hopelessness do not improve, as a rule, and typically lead to suicide.
C) few of his students are concerned with the ethical question of whether one should interfere with a person's "right to die."
D) most therapy clients hospitalized for suicidal behavior were angry later on that they were kept from self-directed violence.

Question 43

Which model of coping with grief and bereavement posits that people are born into networks of relationships and remain woven into those networks long after they die?

A) the relational model
B) Kübler-Ross' five stage model
C) Corr's task-based model
D) the hospice movement

Question 44

In the task-based model for coping with dying, the psychological tasks are associated with all of the following EXCEPT :

A) autonomy
B) security
C) richness in living
D) identity formation

Question 45

Which of the following statements is true regarding hospice?

A) Much hospice home care replaces more expensive and impersonal treatment options including multiple hospitalizations.
B) Hospice home care is more expensive than most other treatment options.
C) The hospice movement was developed to give caregivers of sick relatives the hope that their loved ones can make full recoveries.
D) The hospice movement was developed to give caregivers of sick relatives the hope that their loved ones can make partial recoveries.