Deck 4: Greece and Iran

Question 1

Which of the following is not a tenet of Zoroastrianism?

A) Belief in one supreme deity.
B) Belief that humans would be rewarded or punished in the afterlife for their deeds.
C) Belief that the world was created by Ahuramazda.
D) Belief that good will triumph over evil at the end of a long struggle.
E) Belief in reincarnation of the dead.

Answer 1

Belief in reincarnation of the dead.

Question 2

Darius established the administrative center of his empire in

A) Persepolis.
B) Susa.
C) Babylon.
D) wherever he was in the empire, traveling with his entourage.
E) at the furthest western point in his empire.

Answer 2

Susa.

Question 3

An oligarchy is a society in which

A) all landowners participate politically.
B) all adult males are allowed to vote.
C) a hereditary elite controls the power.
D) a monarch has total control.
E) the wealthiest mem bers of society have political power.

Answer 3

the wealthiest mem bers of society have political power.

Question 4

Under Darius's legal system, subject peoples in Persian territories were

A) punished for disobeying the imperial laws.
B) still allowed to live under their own laws.
C) brought under a unified legal system.
D) given even harsher laws than the Persians'.
E) disenfranchised legally but given the power to elect officials.

Question 5

A factor indicating emergence from the Dark Ages was

A) resumption of trade with Egypt.
B) establishment of colonies in North Africa, Sicily, southern Italy, and the Black Sea region.
C) engaging in war with the Trojans.
D) production of iron instead of bronze.
E) a decline in the artistic qualities of pottery.

Question 6

The Persian provinces were administered by

A) direct control from the king.
B) native rulers loyal to the king.
C) satraps.
D) large occupying armies and harsh discipline.
E) boyars.

Question 7

The king responsible for unifying Iran was

A) Cyrus.
B) Xerxes.
C) Darius.
D) Herodotus.
E) Cambyses.

Question 8

What grew well in the dry environment of Greece?

A) Wheat, barley, and oats
B) Melons, figs, and dates
C) Barley, dates, and grapes
D) Grapes, dates, and jujubes
E) Olive trees, grapevines, and barley

Question 9

Which of the following is not a characteristic of the recovery of the Archaic period?

A) The cure of various infectious diseases
B) Population increase
C) Improved diet
D) Growth of urban centers
E) Specialization of labor

Question 10

Cyrus and his son ruled their empire by following a practical approach of

A) threatening the people with gross injustices.
B) first marrying into the local nobility.
C) murdering local priests and nobles.
D) respecting local priests and native traditions.
E) outlawing local traditions and strictly enforcing Persian laws.

Question 11

Which was not a method by which the Persians strengthened their empire?

A) Giving autonomy to provincial administrators
B) Promoting religious toleration
C) Using technology and learning from other cultures
D) Building roads and highways to connect the far-flung reaches of the empire
E) Using a unified, comprehensive law code like Hammurabi's

Question 12

The distinctive features of the polis were an acropolis and an agora . Acropolis and agora mean

A) "granary" and "hospital."
B) "military forts" and "schools."
C) "city center" and "farmland."
D) a "top of the city" and a "market" or "gathering place."
E) "palace" and "wild lands."

Question 13

A significant factor inhibiting agriculture in Greece was

A) excessive rainfall.
B) vast deserts covering northern Greece.
C) thin topsoil
D) government restrictions on agricultural production.
E) extremely alkaline soil.

Question 14

The Medes were the first Iranian people to

A) begin settled agriculture in the region.
B) reach a complex level of political organization.
C) establish a unique Persian culture.
D) start a state-sponsored religion.
E) use maritime sea trade to form the basis for the economy.

Question 15

The Greek Dark Age was a period of

A) dark atmospheric conditions due to the eruptions of Mount Vesuvius.
B) commercial growth due to the use of dark-colored dyes in fabric.
C) intellectual and commercial vitality.
D) anarch y that followed the collapse of Minoan civilization.
E) poverty, isolation, and d epopulation that followed the collapse of Mycenean civilization.

Question 16

The Greek concept of democracy included political participation by

A) all free, native-born adult males.
B) both men and women.
C) military officers only.
D) a council of priests.
E) all Greeks.

Question 17

Close-formed ranks of soldiers, called up in times of war, were called

A) hyksos.
B) phalanx.
C) hoplites.
D) helots.
E) phrateries.

Question 18

The Archaic period in Greece began

A) because of renewed contacts with Phoenicia.
B) with the birth of Socrates.
C) with the end of the Greek civil wars.
D) with the translation of Linear B.
E) when Alexander took over.

Question 19

Although Greece had comparatively few natural resources, early Gre eks prospered

A) through a brisk trade in slaves.
B) because of successful manufacturing.
C) by using a large population as a large service sector.
D) through access to foreign markets and sources of raw materials.
E) by frequently raiding their neighbors.

Question 20

When coinage spread from Lydia through the Greek world, it was used in all the following ways except to

A) make trade quicker.
B) improve recordkeeping.
C) pay professional Greek soldiers.
D) speed transactions.
E) store wealth.

Question 21

After the death of Alexander, the Seleucid kingdom retained which portion of the empire?

A) Persian
B) Macedonian
C) Egyptian
D) Greek
E) Indian

Question 22

When Alexander the Great died, his vast empire

A) fragmented into many separate states.
B) continued to be administered as a unified entity by his successors.
C) reverted to its former Persian rulers.
D) was broken up into three Macedonian dynasties.
E) was conquered by Indians from the Indus River.

Question 23

The Greeks believed that their gods gave advice through

A) their sacred literary texts.
B) oracles.
C) the king, who was directly related to God.
D) shamans.
E) movements of the stars and planets.

Question 24

The Archaic Greek development of humanism, a lasting feature of Western civilization, was

A) a valuing of the uniqueness, rights, and talents of individuals.
B) a short-lived attempt to treat humans as God.
C) the political concept that the king was designated by God.
D) the subjugation of individuals' rights and will for the good of the state.
E) the idea that humans descended from primate ancestors.

Question 25

The quantity and quality of Athenian pottery in the Mediterranean shows

A) how fashion dictated success in Greece.
B) the Athenian success in the Peloponnesian War.
C) the large Carthaginian population.
D) the increase in Athenian international trade.
E) the decline of civilization in Athens.

Question 26

The result of the Persian Wars was the

A) expulsion of the Persians from Greece.
B) alliance between Greece and Persia in their attack on Rome.
C) collapse of Greek society.
D) rise of Carthaginian dominance of the Aegean Sea.
E) expulsion of the Greeks from Persia.

Question 27

What can be considered the symbol of Athenian naval success?

A) The gunboat
B) The trireme
C) The astrolabe
D) The underwater battering ram
E) The lateen sail

Question 28

Among the Medes and Persians, which was the dominant social group?

A) Warriors
B) Priests
C) Literate bureaucrats
D) Merchants
E) Farmers

Question 29

The father of history in the Western tradition is

A) Pericles.
B) Herodotus.
C) Theseus.
D) Prometheus.
E) Darius.

Question 30

Sparta became a highly militarized society primarily because

A) Spartans feared an uprising by the helots.
B) Spartans sought to re-create the far-flung empire of the Assyrians.
C) repeated raids by Athens forced Spartans to adopt defensive measures.
D) of significant mineral wealth, which allowed Spartans to support a large army.
E) Spartan society was dominated by a class of academics devoted to studying and developing military strategy.

Question 31

Early Iranian farmers managed water by

A) siting their fields near large rivers.
B) building elevated aqueducts.
C) means of large communal cisterns.
D) digging underground irrigation channels.
E) relying on their region's abundant rains.

Question 32

Cyrus redrew the map of western Asia by conquering

A) Egypt.
B) Greece and Sparta.
C) Lydia and Babylon.
D) Nubia.
E) the Zhou Dynasty.

Question 33

One factor that contributed to the growth of Greek democracy was

A) the opposition of middle-class merchants to the oligarchy.
B) the political unification of the city-states under strong rulers.
C) lack of a professional military class.
D) exposure to the democratic practices of nearby Persia.
E) a population explosion among the poor and the growth of debt slavery.

Question 34

An example of the sophistication of the Gree k Pre-Socratic thin kers was the development of the theory that the world is composed of

A) ether.
B) humours.
C) elements.
D) vapors.
E) atoms.

Question 35

How does the Peloponnesian War reveal an inherent flaw in Greek society?

A) The hoplites were unreliable because of their exclusion from politics.
B) T he independence of each polis fostered rivalry and fears among the others.
C) The poor in Greece suffered more severe hardship than in other world societies.
D) The Greeks refused to abandon their policy of nonviolence.
E) The rivalry between helots and hoplites caused a breakdown of democracy.

Question 36

Which of the following were not features of Hellenistic societies?

A) Libraries and universities.
B) The cultivation of new scholarship.
C) The cultivation of art and literature.
D) Long distance trade and communication.
E) An increasingly equal distribution of wealth.

Question 37

Which of the following is not among the policies used by Alexander the Great to control his vast empire?

A) He encouraged marriage to foreign women.
B) He maintained the framework of Persian administration.
C) He adopted Persian customs.
D) He established Greek-style cities.
E) He promoted local militias.

Question 38

The Greek gods and goddesses were seen as

A) distant and removed from the affairs of humankind.
B) frightening and greedy for harsh sacrifices.
C) superhuman and immortal, but otherwise anthropomorphic.
D) role models of wisdom and morality.
E) purely fictitious; no one believed in them.

Question 39

The term Hellenistic Age refers to the

A) influence of Asian culture on Greece.
B) political and cultural influence of Greece over foreign subjects in North Africa and western Asia.
C) Macedonian Empire during Alexander's reign.
D) peaceful period within Greece itself.
E) successful rule of Helen of Troy.

Question 40

One contradiction inherent in Athenian democracy was

A) widespread poverty.
B) a high degree of treason.
C) an abundance of slaves.
D) numerous restrictions on artists and poets.
E) the discontent of the people.

Question 41

The Greek city-state was called

A) a satrapy.
B) a keep.
C) a polis.
D) an agora.
E) nothing, because all Greek cities were part of a unified kingdom.

Question 42

According to Socrates, the characteristic that set him apart from everyone else was

A) that he was exceptionally talented at mathematics.
B) that he knew nothing and was actually aware of his lack of knowledge.
C) that he had an unusually fine command of rhetoric.
D) his handsome face.
E) that he had discovered the atomic nature of matter.

Question 43

Instructions: Explain/Define the following terms.
Persepolis

Question 44

Instructions: Explain/Define the following terms.
hoplite

Question 45

Instructions: Explain/Define the following terms.
satrap

Question 46

Instructions: Explain/Define the following terms.
Cyrus

Question 47

Instructions: Explain/Define the following terms.
polis

Question 48

To transport trade-goods, the early Greeks depended on

A) an elaborate network of roads.
B) oxcarts.
C) carrying goods overland by foot.
D) large ocean-going vessels.
E) small ships that kept close to shore.

Question 49

Instructions: Explain/Define the following terms.
Zoroastrianism

Question 50

The men who served as hoplites were mostly

A) professional soldiers.
B) farmers called up for brief periods.
C) slaves.
D) mercenaries hired from foreign lands.
E) fighters who valued strength more than courage.

Question 51

The Persian government undermined the empire's economy by

A) regulating long-distance trade.
B) setting low prices for grain.
C) stockpiling precious metal received in tribute.
D) neglecting infrastructure.
E) giving excessive power to priests.

Question 52

The capital from which the Ptolemies ruled was

A) Susa.
B) Persepolis.
C) Thebes.
D) Alexandria.
E) Memphis.

Question 53

The annual dues that Athens forced subject states to pay

A) mostly financed infrastructure projects in conquered areas.
B) motivated Pericles to extend democratic participation to men who were not native-born Athenians.
C) were hoarded but never spent.
D) funded the construction of Parthenon and other cultural achievements.
E) did nothing to help Athenian commercial dominance in the region.

Question 54

Naval success helped ensure that all male citizens, regardless of wealth, retained equal voices in the Athenian political system because

A) the very rich now had to spend long stretches away at sea.
B) naval commanders were more egalitarian.
C) lower-class oarsmen were now more important to the military than middle- and upper-class hoplites.
D) the amount of time spent drilling complex maneuvers kept oarsmen's minds off politics.
E) it meant there was more money from trade, which made everyone better off.

Question 55

Instructions: Explain/Define the following terms.
Darius I

Question 56

Instructions: Explain/Define the following terms.
tyrant

Question 57

The Greek alphabetic writing system

A) strengthened the social power of scribes as a class.
B) meant literacy was limited to a narrow elite.
C) was used for exclusively administrative purposes.
D) made literacy comparatively easy to acquire.
E) was a totally original discovery.

Question 58

In Athens, Pericles did all the following except

A) grant citizenship rights to male immigrants.
B) transfer all power to the Assembly, the Council of 500, and the Courts.
C) introduce a stipend for officials.
D) permit open debate among all citizens.
E) use his skills as an organizer to dominate the political scene.

Question 59

Which of the following was not a characteristic of the Persian court?

A) The keeping of aristocratic children as hostages.
B) An aloof, splendid monarch.
C) Elaborate festivals held at Persepolis.
D) An approachable, informal monarch.
E) The presence of administrative officers.

Question 60

In the mid-seventh and sixth centuries B.C.E., Greek tyrants did all the following except

A) seize personal control of government without regard for existing law.
B) assert their individual interest at the expense of others.
C) ally with the middle class.
D) contribute to the development of democracy by undermining the authority of the old elite.
E) give every adult male a say in government policy.

Question 61

Intellectual life in Athens changed from a public occupation to an intellectual exercise about the time of Socrates. Explain the change and the significance of Socrates.

Question 62

Instructions: Explain/Define the following terms.
Herodotus

Question 63

Instructions: Explain/Define the following terms.
Alexander

Question 64

Compare and contrast Athens and Sparta. How did two such different city-states emerge from the same general geographic region? Why did they go to war with one another?

Question 65

Describe the Persian religious tradition that was adopted by Darius, and discuss its historical significance.

Question 66

Instructions: Explain/Define the following terms.
Persian Wars

Question 67

Instructions: Explain/Define the following terms.
trireme

Question 68

Instructions: Explain/Define the following terms.
Socrates

Question 69

Explain what is meant by the Hellenistic Age.

Question 70

Instructions: Explain/Define the following terms.
Hellenistic Age

Question 71

How did geography and the environment affect Greek development?

Question 72

Instructions: Explain/Define the following terms.
Alexandria

Question 73

Discuss the development of Greek democracy. Was Greek democracy "democratic"?

Question 74

Instructions: Explain/Define the following terms.
Pericles

Question 75

Instructions: Explain/Define the following terms.
Peloponnesian War

Question 76

Instructions: Explain/Define the following terms.
sacrifice

Question 77

Compare the Persian Empire with Alexander's. What factors accelerated the rise of these empires and facilitated their decline? Discuss whether the rapid rise of these empires contributed to their similarly rapid fall.

Question 78

Instructions: Explain/Define the following terms.
democracy

Question 79

Instructions: Explain/Define the following terms.
Ptolemies