Deck 1: Introduction to Organized Crime

Question 1

According to Abadinsky, which of the following motivates traditional organized crime groups? ​

A)social doctrine
B)political beliefs
C)ideological concerns
D)economic gain

Answer 1

D

Question 2

All bureaucracies are ____________ organizations sharing a number of attributes (e.g., a hierarchy, division of labor, extensive written rules and regulations). ​

A)profit-focused
B)kinship-based
C)rational
D)geographically restricted

Answer 2

C

Question 3

For an organized crime group, bureaucratic structure has some deficiencies. Which of the following is an example of such a deficiency? ​

A)compartmentalization
B)organizing street level members into cells
C)allowing street members to know only the members of their cell
D)responsibilities carried out in an impersonal manner

Answer 3

D

Question 4

According to this book's definition of organized crime, which of the following is NOT a major characteristic used to define organized crime? ​

A)has political goals
B)hierarchical
C)governed by explicit rules and regulations
D)monopolistic

Question 5

With respect to organized crime, a franchise essentially provides: ​

A)a sense of entitlement and credentials.
B)a rank assignment within the organization.
C)a guaranteed return on investment.
D)a sense of safety and security.

Question 6

An organized crime group has a vertical power structure with at least three permanent ranks. This statement describes which major attribute of organized crime? ​

A)the ideological attribute
B)the hierarchical attribute
C)governed by explicit rules and regulations attribute
D)the monopolistic attribute

Question 7

According to Abadinsky, which variable best distinguishes organized crime from conventional crime? ​

A)organization
B)communication
C)economics
D)persistent use of violence

Question 8

Franchising provides a form of _____________ by reputation, encouraging networking that facilitates cooperation between criminals that might not otherwise occur.

A)familiarity
B)veracity
C)credentialing
D)strength

Question 9

Which of the following is said to serve to promote business relationships between criminals who do not enjoy a history of interaction? ​

A)franchising
B)structuring
C)credentialing
D)joint venturing

Question 10

Some criminal organizations use ___________ to confirm membership, such as the death head emblem of the Hell's Angels. ​

A)membership cards
B)trademarks
C)criminal "birth certificates"
D)souvenirs

Question 11

Credentialing by reputation: ​

A)encourages networking.
B)facilitates cooperation between criminals.
C)promotes business relationships.
D)encourages networking, facilitates cooperation between criminals, and promotes business relationships.

Question 12

A criminal network has places where participants congregate or "hang out" or places that welcome their patronage. According to the text, these hangouts are referred to a s: ​

A)points of convergence.
B)working class bars.
C)elite night clubs.
D)trade associations.

Question 13

Criminal subcultures require a third party who can construct a "social bridge" between persons with complementary resources and interests. This third party person is often referred to as a what? ​

A)parlayer
B)broker
C)remunerator
D)joiner

Question 14

Which of the following major events, intertwined with the rapid expansion of global markets, provided a greater opportunity for transnational organized crime to flourish throughout the world? ​

A)World War II
B)the collapse of the Soviet Union
C)the Gulf War
D)the 1960s democratizing of Latin America

Question 15

Which of the following is NOT considered to one of the three major bureaucratic levels of an organized crime group? ​

A)Controller
B)Cells
C)Compartmentalizers
D)Central command

Question 16

An organized crime group dislikes competition. This statement best describes which attribute of organized crime? ​

A)the violence attribute
B)the organizational attribute
C)the kinship attribute
D)the monopolistic attribute

Question 17

Which of the following is NOT a feature of bureaucracies? ​

A)a complicated hierarchy
B)extensive division of labor
C)equality of membership
D)extensive written rules and regulations

Question 18

A criminal network typically functions within a subcultural environment, often referred to as a(n)_____________ whose affiliates range from actual members of criminal groups to persons with marginal employment (e.g., bouncers, professional gamblers). ​

A)clandestine society
B)posse
C)secret fraternity
D)underworld

Question 19

According to the text, in a bureaucracy, positions are assigned on what basis?

A)politics
B)competence
C)education level attained
D)resource availability

Question 20

Which of the following is true of today's criminal networks? ​

A)They are fluid, forming new alliances with other networks around the world.
B)They are fluid, but form new alliances only within their own country.
C)They are rigid, avoiding new alliances with other networks.
D)They are fluid, but form new alliances only with their own ethnic group.

Question 21

_______________ organized crime refers to self-perpetuating criminal organizations that operate across national boundaries.

A)State-sponsored
B)Transnational
C)Global
D)Multinational

Question 22

In a bureaucracy, positions are assigned on the basis of _____________.

Question 23

Many traditional organized crime groups are politically quite ______________ and tend to be supportive of their host governments. ​

A)neutral
B)liberal
C)conservative
D)detached

Question 24

A criminal network typically functions within a subcultural environment often referred to as a(n)_________________.

Question 25

Organized crime is self-perpetuating. ​

Question 26

There is no generally accepted definition of organized crime.

Question 27

A criminal organization structured along bureaucratic lines has no significant inherent weaknesses.

Question 28

Franchise provides a sense of entitlement and credentials that enable the possessor to engage in criminal activity knowing that he will be supported and protected by the franchisor. ​

Question 29

Both terrorist groups and criminal organizations use compartmentalization.

Question 30

_____________ is defined as terrorist acts carried out by groups directly or indirectly involved in cultivating, manufacturing, transporting, or distributing illegal drugs. ​

A)Prescripted terrorism
B)Narcoterrorism
C)Cyberterrorism
D)Postal terrorism

Question 31

The goals of an organized crime group are _____________ and _____________. ​

Question 32

Migration, legal or illegal, broadens the reach of existing criminal networks.

Question 33

The differences between terrorist organizations and organized crimes groups rest upon: ​

A)means and ends.
B)tactics.
C)organizational structure.
D)means and ends, tactics, and organizational structure.

Question 34

_____________ is a type of bureaucratic structure that organizes persons at the operational/street level into cells whose members know only the people in their same cell. ​

Question 35

Based on recent history, terrorists seem never to imitate organized criminal behavior that they witness, largely because their techniques and mission have no significant crossover or connections.

Question 36

Terrorists are state-sponsored actors whose intention is to intimidate an audience only within their immediate country of origin.

Question 37

Organizational affiliation provides a form of _____________ by reputation, facilitating cooperation between criminals.

Question 38

Points of convergence are meeting places that provide opportunity for organized criminals to enhance their interests. ​

Question 39

The _____________ is an individual who is responsible for overall operations of several criminal cells within a region, and in this role reports directly to the central command of the operation via the Internet or cell phone. ​

Question 40

Members of organized crime view themselves as conventional members of society. ​

Question 41

Please define and then explain why so called "points of convergence" are so important to organized crime groups.

Question 42

State the attributes of a bureaucracy and discuss how a criminal organization may find it necessary to adopt some or all of those attributes.

Question 43

Discuss the relationship between terrorism and organized crime.

Question 44

What is the role of a "broker" in organized crime?

Question 45

As opposed to organized crime, ______________ is inherently political, and as such it is relative to one's political view.

Question 46

Please list and explain three possible inherent weaknesses that may prove to be problematic for an organized crime group that is structured along bureaucratic lines.

Question 47

In what ways have transnational criminal organizations taken advantage of our increasingly interconnected world to expand their illicit enterprises?

Question 48

A criminal network has points of _____________ where participants congregate.

Question 49

What is meant by a network and how are its features applied by organized crime groups?

Question 50

State the eight attributes of organized crime, and describe each.

Question 51

Explain how globalization has affected organized crime.

Question 52

Unlike organized crime, terrorism is inherently _____________.

Question 53

How is terrorism different from organized crime? Provide examples to support your answer.

Question 54

In a criminal network, the "third person" who serves as a "social bridge" is often referred to as a(n)_____________.