Deck 17: Career Management

Question 1

Which of the following is a conflict that might occur during an employee's entry into an organization?

A)The conflict between an organization's effort to attract candidates and an individual's choice of an organization
B)The conflict between an organization's efforts to retain employees and employees' demand for pay hikes
C)The conflict within an organization to decide whether to hire new employees during a period of recession
D)The conflict within an organization to retain old employees by paying bonuses and to hire new employees with attractive packages

Answer 1

A

Question 2

In the context of the old career paradigm, the one-employer focus meant:

A)forgoing technical or functional development in favor of firm-specific learning.
B)focusing on technical and functional development of employees.
C)acquiring skills that can be marketed across organizations.
D)focusing on the strategies of competing firms.

Answer 2

A

Question 3

_____ can be thought of as inoculation against disappointment during the organizational choice and entry process.

A)Temporary staffing
B)Bridge employment
C)Flexible work schedules
D)Realistic job previews

Answer 3

D

Question 4

A _____ is a pattern of work-related experiences that spans the course of a person's life.

A)syllabus
B)feedback
C)promotion
D)career

Question 5

Giving potential employees the actual picture of the job they are applying for is known as a(n)_____.

A)informal mentoring approach
B)psychological contract
C)realistic job preview
D)career lattice

Question 6

An example of the subjective element of a career is:

A)the number of jobs in a chosen occupation.
B)a person's perception of his or her potential in a chosen occupation.
C)a person's eligibility for a job.
D)the application for and receipt of an occupational license.

Question 7

In the context of the new career paradigm, discrete exchange:

A)occurs when an organization gains productivity while a person gains work experience.
B)means continuously honing skills that can be marketed across organizations.
C)means that power flows down to business units and in turn to employees.
D)occurs when employees become less committed to an organization.

Question 8

Which of the following is true of organizational empowerment in the new career paradigm?

A)Competitiveness and added value are the responsibility of corporate experts.
B)Everyone in an organization is responsible for adding value and improving competitiveness.
C)Business units should refrain from cultivating their own markets.
D)Being loyal to the work group is more important than the project itself.

Question 9

Which of the following is true of project allegiance in the new career paradigm?

A)A successful outcome of a project is more important than holding the project team together.
B)Project goals are subordinated to corporate policy and organizational constraints.
C)Being loyal to a work group can be more important than the project itself.
D)Organization and reporting arrangements are maintained even after project completion.

Question 10

Which of the following is a characteristic of corporate allegiance?

A)Keeping a work group together is a more important goal than project completion.
B)Dividing tasks equally among employees is more important than task completion.
C)Maintaining project deadlines is often more important than quality of work.
D)Earning huge profits is more important than quality of service provided.

Question 11

In the context of the new career paradigm, occupational excellence means:

A)both individuals and organizations are committed to the successful completion of projects.
B)continuously honing skills that can be marketed across organizations.
C)power flows down to business units and in turn to employees.
D)project goals are subordinated to corporate policy and organizational constraints.

Question 12

According to John Holland's theory of occupational choice, which of the following is an example of a realistic occupation?

A)Counselor
B)Voice coach
C)Mechanic
D)Physicist

Question 13

In the context of the old career paradigm, the top-down firm meant:

A)technical or functional development was overlooked in favor of firm-specific learning.
B)being loyal to one's work group was more important than the project itself.
C)competitiveness and added value were the responsibility of corporate experts.
D)business units were free to cultivate their own markets.

Question 14

To prevent conflicts during the organizational choice and entry process, an individual should:

A)choose the highest-paying organization.
B)conduct a careful self-analysis.
C)reveal minimal personal details in a job interview.
D)request for a friendly interviewer.

Question 15

In the context of realistic job preview (RJP), when candidates are given both positive and negative information, they:

A)make more effective job choices.
B)have low job satisfaction.
C)tend to have unrealistic expectations.
D)are more likely to turn down a job offer.

Question 16

In the context of the old career paradigm, corporate allegiance meant:

A)promoting shared employer and employee commitment to the goal of a project.
B)distributing financial and reputational rewards based on project outcomes.
C)being loyal to one's work group can be more important than the project allocated to the group.
D)business unit marketing depends on the corporate agenda.

Question 17

Which of the following is a characteristic of the new career paradigm?

A)Lifetime corporate allegiance
B)Discrete exchange
C)A nonadaptive perspective
D)Bureaucratic administration

Question 18

According to John Holland's theory of occupational choice, which of the following is an example of an investigative occupation?

A)Architect
B)Economist
C)Mechanic
D)Counselor

Question 19

Jeff is a 25-year-old college graduate. He is an extraverted individual and likes to meet new people. He is looking for a career that matches his personality. In the context of John Holland's theory of occupational choice, which of the following categories of occupations is Jeff most likely to choose?

A)Artistic occupations
B)Enterprising occupations
C)Conventional occupations
D)Social occupations

Question 20

According to John Holland's theory of occupational choice, which of the following is an example of a social occupation?

A)Counselor
B)Voice coach
C)Mechanic
D)Physicist

Question 21

Executives succumb to the temptation of fraud because:

A)they feel pressure to keep up with changes in cultural norms.
B)they do not desire senior leadership roles.
C)they are unaware of organizational ethics.
D)they do not try to keep up with inflated expectations.

Question 22

Which of the following is the first stage in the career stage model?

A)The advancement stage
B)The maintenance stage
C)The establishment stage
D)The withdrawal stage

Question 23

Almost 40 percent of new managers fail within the first 18 months on the job because of a(n):

A)high emotional intelligence quotient.
B)high compliance to top level managers.
C)lack of interpersonal skills.
D)adaptive approach.

Question 24

Levinson's life stages are characterized by:

A)career stagnation.
B)career stability.
C)an alternating pattern of stability and transition.
D)the study of child psychology.

Question 25

Which of the following is true of a psychological contract?

A)It reduces job satisfaction.
B)It encourages social support for new employees.
C)It leads to higher turnover intentions.
D)It leads to lower organizational commitment from employees.

Question 26

Bill is a new employee at Atlamind Inc. On his first day, Bill's manager assigns Cathy as his mentor. Cathy apprises Bill about the company's norms and organizational work processes. In the context of psychological contracts for social support, Cathy provides Bill with_____.

A)emotional support
B)modeling support
C)informational support
D)evaluative support

Question 27

_____ is a high achievement-oriented career stage in which people focus on increasing their competence.

A)Establishment
B)Apprenticeship
C)Advancement
D)Withdrawal

Question 28

According to Levinson, during the _____, an individual begins to separate from his or her parents and becomes less emotionally and financially dependent on them.

A)maintenance stage
B)advancement stage
C)establishment stage
D)withdrawal stage

Question 29

The _____ is the first stage of a person's career in which the person learns a job and begins to fit into an organization and occupation.

A)establishment stage
B)withdrawal stage
C)advancement stage
D)maintenance stage

Question 30

In the context of the career stage model, which of the following is true of the maintenance stage?

A)It is the first stage of a person's career.
B)It is a high achievement-oriented stage in which people focus on increasing their competence.
C)It is a stage that finds the individual trying to uphold productivity while evaluating progress toward career goals.
D)It is a stage that involves contemplation of retirement or possible career change.

Question 31

Which of the following is an attribute of emotional intelligence?

A)Technical knowledge
B)Self-awareness
C)Memorization skills
D)Intelligence quotient

Question 32

Which of the following is the final stage in the career stage model?

A)The advancement stage
B)The maintenance stage
C)The establishment stage
D)The withdrawal stage

Question 33

Which of the following statements is true of people with high emotional intelligence?

A)They work efficiently with other team members.
B)They tend to provide slow customer service.
C)They depend on their peers to help them with skill development.
D)They have slow promotion rates.

Question 34

Which of the following individuals are more likely to become frustrated in the new career paradigm?

A)Individuals who are team oriented
B)Individuals who are energized by change
C)Individuals who are tolerant of ambiguity
D)Individuals who are rigid in their thinking

Question 35

To have a successful career, the best attitude toward organizational change is:

A)to adopt a nonadaptive approach when dealing with change.
B)to think of change as the central focus of work and not a disruption.
C)to ignore the emotional quotient while taking decisions during change.
D)to implement the one-employer approach and stay loyal to a particular company.

Question 36

SeanSoft, a global digital media company, provides realistic job previews (RJPs)on its website through videos. The videos display the nature of work at the company and the organizational culture. The videos include footage of employees describing their challenges at work and the skills required to meet the organization's expectations. Given the scenario, it is likely that the job candidates who receive the company's RJP will:

A)face uncertainty about their job roles.
B)have lesser ability to cope with job demands.
C)have unrealistic job expectations.
D)view the company as honest.

Question 37

The people who will be most successful in the new career paradigm are individuals who:

A)are rigid in their thinking.
B)resist sudden change in the work environment.
C)have high needs for control.
D)are tolerant of ambiguity.

Question 38

One of the important attributes that a person should possess if he or she wants to climb the corporate ladder in the present age is _____.

A)cognitive dissonance
B)emotional intelligence
C)the one-employer focus
D)corporate allegiance

Question 39

_____ in a realistic job preview (RJP)involves knowing what to expect, both good and bad, which gives a newcomer in a company a sense of control that is important to job satisfaction and performance.

A)Temporary staffing
B)Job stabilization
C)Uncertainty reduction
D)Bridge employment

Question 40

A _____ is an implicit agreement between an individual and an organization that specifies what each is expected to give and receive in the relationship.

A)confidential disclosure agreement
B)psychological contract
C)task-order contract
D)consortium agreement

Question 41

According to Carolyn Smith Paschal, in which of the following stages should companies give employees sabbaticals instead of bonuses?

A)The maintenance stage
B)The advancement stage
C)The withdrawal stage
D)The establishment stage

Question 42

In the context of phases in mentoring relationships, which of the following is the phase that comes after a successful separation phase?

A)The cultivation phase
B)The independence phase
C)The redefinition phase
D)The initiation phase

Question 43

According to the career stage model, a _____ is a structured series of job positions through which an individual progresses in an organization.

A)career ladder
B)career path
C)career plateau
D)career anchor

Question 44

In the context of the career stage model, _____ are sequences of job experiences along which employees move during their careers.

A)career ladders
B)career paths
C)career plateaus
D)career anchors

Question 45

Which of the following types of psychological contracts for social support is concerned with empathy, care, and esteem toward newcomers in an organization?

A)Informational support
B)Emotional support
C)Modeling support
D)Evaluative support

Question 46

According to the career stage model, the advancement stage is a period when:

A)individuals strive for job stability rather than upward mobility.
B)individuals begin their career as a newcomer in an organization.
C)many newcomers shy away from responsibility.
D)many individuals strive for achievement.

Question 47

Which of the following is true of a career lattice?

A)It allows individuals to change careers from working in large organizations to starting their own businesses.
B)It is an effective way to develop an array of skills to ensure one's employability.
C)It is a point where the probability of moving further up the hierarchy is low for an individual.
D)It allows employees to reduce their hours and/or responsibilities in order to ease into retirement.

Question 48

In the _____ of a mentoring relationship, the relationship becomes more meaningful than the previous stages, and the protégé shows rapid progress because of the career support and psychosocial support provided by the mentor.

A)initiation phase
B)separation phase
C)redefinition phase
D)cultivation phase

Question 49

In the context of psychosocial functions provided by a mentor, which of the following is true of role modeling?

A)It helps the protégé explore personal issues that arise and require assistance.
B)It occurs when the mentor displays behavior for a protégé to emulate.
C)It provides opportunities for a protégé to develop relationships with key figures in the organization.
D)It shields the protégé from potentially damaging experiences.

Question 50

In the context of the career stage model, sustaining performance and becoming a mentor are two issues individuals in an organization need to address during the:

A)maintenance stage.
B)advancement stage.
C)withdrawal stage.
D)establishment stage.

Question 51

Martha joined MarkStent Inc. as a market analyst. Her manager, Ben, noticed that she had some good and innovative ideas to advance the business. Therefore, Ben took special interest in mentoring her. After a month since Martha joined the company, Ben scheduled a meeting for Martha to meet with the company's CEO and other top-level managers to help them recognize her talent. In this scenario, which career function did Ben, as a mentor, provide to Martha?

A)Sponsorship
B)Coaching
C)Facilitating exposure and visibility
D)Protection

Question 52

According to the career stage model, during the _____, individuals can make a contribution by sharing their wealth of knowledge and experience with others.

A)maintenance stage
B)establishment stage
C)advancement stage
D)withdrawal stage

Question 53

During the maintenance stage, a career plateau is a point where an:

A)employee's primary concern is related to maintaining a work-life balance.
B)employee is often mentored by a senior colleague.
C)employee transitions to nonsupervisory positions.
D)employee's probability of moving up the hierarchy is low.

Question 54

Most people in the advancement stage of the career stage model:

A)remain in the same job until the maintenance stage.
B)experience a period of stagnancy in their career graph.
C)seek greater responsibility and authority and strive for upward mobility.
D)greatly depend on others for task completion.

Question 55

When psychological contracts are broken or breached, employees experience negative emotional reactions that can lead to:

A)increased whistle-blowing instances.
B)lower turnover intentions.
C)loss of trust.
D)lower rate of absenteeism.

Question 56

Flextime, compressed workweeks, work-at-home arrangements, part-time hours, job sharing, and leave options:

A)are not mandatory in today's working environment.
B)usually lead to greater turnover rates in organizations.
C)are all considered alternative work arrangements to manage work-home conflicts.
D)are exclusively directed toward women employees.

Question 57

According to the career stage model, which of the following is a career function of a mentor?

A)Role modeling
B)Acceptance and confirmation
C)Protection
D)Counseling

Question 58

According to the career stage model, during the advancement stage, _____ involves providing advice in both career and job performance to protégés.

A)sponsorship
B)coaching
C)role modeling
D)facilitating exposure and visibility

Question 59

In which of the following stages of the career stage model do individuals reassess their goals and feel the need to make changes in their career dreams?

A)The withdrawal stage
B)The maintenance stage
C)The advancement stage
D)The establishment stage

Question 60

In the context of career functions provided by a mentor to a protégé, which of the following is true of sponsorship?

A)It means actively helping the individual get job experiences and promotions.
B)It means providing opportunities for the protégé to develop relationships with key figures in the organization.
C)It shields the protégé from potentially damaging experiences.
D)It involves providing advice in both career and job performance.

Question 61

Which of the following is true of bridge employment?

A)It is the first employment of an individual's career.
B)It takes place after a person retires from full-time work but before a permanent withdrawal from the workforce.
C)It is a point in one's career where the probability of moving further up the hierarchy is high.
D)It usually occurs between adulthood years and before late adulthood transition.

Question 62

Harold is a sales manager associated with TickTock Watches for the past thirty-five years; he was instrumental in the company's success. As an attempt to dissuade Harold from complete cessation of work, the management of TickTock Watches provided Harold with reduced working hours and offered him the role of a mentor. In this scenario, the arrangement offered to Harold by TickTock Watches is _____.

A)phased retirement
B)early retirement
C)bridge retirement
D)voluntary retirement

Question 63

Which of the following is true of career anchors?

A)They are seldom modified by work or life experiences.
B)They help an individual in finding a match between the individual and an organization.
C)They prevent competitiveness between employees of an organization.
D)They help organizations in identifying unproductive employees.

Question 64

Project allegiance means that being loyal to the work group is more important than the project itself.

Question 65

The Age Discrimination in Employment Act prohibits:

A)discrimination against workers under twenty years of age.
B)discrimination against workers under thirty years of age.
C)discrimination against new entrants.
D)discrimination against older workers.

Question 66

A career lattice is a structured series of job positions through which an individual progresses in an organization.

Question 67

Following the age-fifty transition is a fairly stable period in people's careers. During this time, _____.

A)most people continue to grow in their careers
B)most people begin to plan seriously for withdrawing from their careers
C)employees begin to face work-home conflicts
D)employees depend on their mentors

Question 68

According to the career stage model, during the establishment stage, newcomers are required to negotiate effective psychological contracts at work.

Question 69

Realistic Job Previews (RJPs)tend to create unrealistic expectations among job candidates.

Question 70

Occupational excellence means continually honing skills that can be marketed across organizations.

Question 71

According to Levinson, during the _____, one's own mortality becomes a major concern, and the loss of family members and friends becomes more frequent.

A)old-age transition stage
B)late adulthood transition stage
C)elderly transition stage
D)age-fifty transition stage

Question 72

Flexible, team-oriented individuals become frustrated in the new career paradigm.

Question 73

Which of the following statements is true of older workers?

A)They are often viewed by others as more productive.
B)They may face discrimination and stereotyping.
C)They have higher rates of tardiness and absenteeism.
D)They are often viewed by others as less resistant to change.

Question 74

James Dyson, the CEO of Dyson Inc., believes strongly in mentoring newcomers. He has made it his priority to mentor future generations of engineers in his company. In the context of the career stage model, James is in the _____.

A)withdrawal stage
B)maintenance stage
C)establishment stage
D)competitive stage

Question 75

_____ are a network of self-perceived talents, motives, and values that guide an individual's career decisions.

A)Career anchors
B)Career lattices
C)Career models
D)Career ladders

Question 76

The old career is giving way to a new career characterized by discrete exchange, occupational excellence, organizational empowerment, and project allegiance.

Question 77

An essential activity of the withdrawal stage in one's career is:

A)mentoring a newcomer.
B)planning for change.
C)identifying one's strengths.
D)undergoing job training.

Question 78

According to the career stage model, the transition from school to work is a characteristic of the advancement stage.

Question 79

Psychological contracts are commonly known as provisions of personal employment agreements.

Question 80

An assumption that drives Holland's theory is that people choose occupations that match their personalities.