Deck 8: Leadership

Question 1

A supervisor holding Theory Y assumptions is more likely to use coercion and threat of punishment than a Theory X supervisor.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

According to the Leadership Grid, if a supervisor is primarily concerned with production and shows little concern for people, he or she is a 9,1 leader.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

A Theory X manager believes the average human has an inherent dislike of work.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

Management philosophy is not affected by a supervisor's work environment.

Question 5

The Leadership Grid categorizes leadership styles according to concern for production and concern for people.

Question 6

Impoverished management is the poorest of all management styles.

Question 7

The team management style is management with little concern for people or production.

Question 8

Theory Y managers tend to prefer a supportive, participative leadership style.

Question 9

The structuring and telling style of leadership (high task and low relationship) would be used with an individual who is relatively high in readiness for a given task.

Question 10

The most effective leadership style in one situation may not be the most effective in another.

Question 11

In a team management approach, leaders have a high concern for both people and production.

Question 12

A supervisor's family and early school environment influence his or her view of the nature of people and shape his or her philosophy.

Question 13

The life-cycle theory of leadership holds that leadership behaviors should be based on the readiness level of employees.

Question 14

Leadership is a reciprocal process involving the leader and followers.

Question 15

A manager who believes the average human cannot be trusted holds Theory Y assumptions.

Question 16

A supervisor who holds Theory Y assumptions would be more inclined to use a structured, autocratic leadership style.

Question 17

Clarifying the job and taking corrective action are examples of relationship behaviors.

Question 18

Informal leadership is that which is officially sanctioned by an organization through delegation.

Question 19

In the Leadership Grid, concern for results is plotted on the vertical axis, while concern for people is plotted on the horizontal axis.

Question 20

Readiness level refers to a person's drive and need for achievement.

Question 21

Transactional leadership is a shift to a more visionary and empowering leadership style.

Question 22

Developmental management involves shaping a common group vision which is supportive of the goals of the organization.

Question 23

Employee participation in the change process is the key in adaptive leadership.

Question 24

Tannenbaum and Schmidt's leadership continuum presents a wide range of leadership behaviors ranging from a high use of authority by the supervisor to a large degree of freedom for the worker.

Question 25

Many times, adaptive leaders who present tough questions become marginalized within the organization.

Question 26

Heroic managers are always willing to share leadership.

Question 27

The long run trend in American industry is for supervisory managers to use less participative styles of leadership.

Question 28

When using the leadership continuum to decide to what degree employees should be involved in decision making, it is important to remember that the more freedom employees have, the more authority the supervisor has.

Question 29

Placing the well-being of the group before the individual is a characteristic of servant leadership.

Question 30

Servant leadership involves the creation of community through collaboration and team building.

Question 31

A key factor in transformational leadership is charismatic leadership.

Question 32

Heroic managers are those who have a great need for control or influence and want to run things.

Question 33

Developmental leaders attempt to keep responsibility away from their teams.

Question 34

Building high-performing group members is the goal of developmental leaders.

Question 35

The participating and supporting style of leadership behavior is best used for new or less-ready employees.

Question 36

A transformational leader converts followers into leaders and may convert leaders into moral agents.

Question 37

The transactional leader employs traditional management strategies.

Question 38

The transactional leader avoids linking actions with rewards.

Question 39

If not careful, heroic leadership can stymie the development of subordinates.

Question 40

Transactional leadership can result in lower-order improvements, but if one wants higher-order improvements, transformational leadership is needed.

Question 41

Emotional intelligence involves self-awareness and empathy.

Question 42

An emotional response from individuals indicates they are cognitively focused.

Question 43

A leader holding Theory Y assumptions would prefer a(n) _____ leadership style.

A) participative
B) autocratic
C) structured
D) dictatorial

Question 44

Team building involves developing a coalition of people who will commit themselves to achieving the organizational vision.

Question 45

McGregor's Theory Y assumes that:

A) the average human being wants security.
B) the average human being learns to accept responsibility.
C) the average human being prefers to be directed.
D) the average human being has relatively little ambition.

Question 46

According to the Leadership Grid, if a supervisor uses a middle of the road management leadership style, he or she:

A) shows primary concern for people and little concern for production.
B) places equal emphasis on people and production.
C) has little concern for people or production.
D) structures the work, delegates as little as possible, and usually is an autocrat in getting work accomplished.

Question 47

According to the Leadership Grid, a supervisor who has high concern for both production and people would be using a style of leadership referred to as:

A) task management.
B) country club management.
C) impoverished management.
D) team management.

Question 48

Although emotional intelligence is important, it is not linked to strong performance.

Question 49

The belief that people will exercise self direction in the service of objectives to which they are committed is most closely related to:

A) McGregor's Theory X.
B) Blake and McCanse's Leadership Grid.
C) McGregor's Theory Y.
D) Hersey and Blanchard's Situational Leadership.

Question 50

A leader holding Theory X assumptions would prefer a(n) _____ leadership style.

A) democratic
B) unstructured
C) autocratic
D) participative

Question 51

_____ is best defined as the process of influencing individual and group activities toward goal setting and goal achievement.

A) Entrepreneurship
B) Leadership
C) Delegation
D) Surveillance

Question 52

A person's readiness level is based on his or her:

A) experience and education.
B) supervisor's management philosophy.
C) organization's objectives.
D) previous work record.

Question 53

The Leadership Grid shows that a leader has two concerns, production and:

A) time.
B) profit.
C) people.
D) management.

Question 54

Which of the following statements holds true for  the beliefs of Theory X leaders?

A) They believe that work is as natural as play.
B) They believe in an autocratic management style.
C) They believe that people seek responsibility.
D) They believe that the intellectual potential of the average human being is only partially utilized.

Question 55

Based on the the Leadership Grid, opportunistic management occurs when:

A) people remain in the same grid style.
B) personal gain is never thought of.
C) people shift to whatever grid style is needed to gain maximum advantage.
D) effort is given only for an advantage of organizational gain without any concern for personal gain.

Question 56

A leader holding Theory X assumptions believes:

A) the average human dislikes work.
B) the average human accepts and seeks responsibility.
C) the average human can be trusted.
D) work is as natural as play or rest for the average human.

Question 57

According to the Leadership Grid, a supervisor who is primarily concerned with production, and shows little concern for people would be using a style of leadership referred to as:

A) task management.
B) country club management.
C) impoverished management.
D) team management.

Question 58

Three factors, or variables, have a major impact on the choice of a leadership style: the supervisor's management philosophy, the followers' readiness level, and:

A) the followers' management philosophy.
B) the responsibility level of the supervisor.
C) the situation faced by the supervisor.
D) the supervisor's salary.

Question 59

If a manager scores 9,9 on the Leadership Grid, then he or she is said to demonstrate:

A) a high concern for people and a low concern for results.
B) a high concern for both people and production.
C) a low concern for people and a low concern for results.
D) impoverished management.

Question 60

McGregor's Theory X and Theory Y relate to:

A) the supervisor's management philosophy.
B) the readiness level of followers.
C) the situation faced by a supervisor.
D) the production and quality concerns of an organization.

Question 61

Which of the following statements is true?

A) Transactional leadership is based on the premise that leaders can reward employees who meet their objectives.
B) A leader can demonstrate either transactional or transformative leadership behavior but not both.
C) Transformational leadership exists only at the top level of management.
D) Transformational leadership can result in lower-order improvements, but if one wants higher-order improvements, transactional leadership is needed.

Question 62

The structuring and telling leadership style implies:

A) high task and high relationship.
B) high task and low relationship.
C) high relationship and low task.
D) low relationship and low task.

Question 63

_____ involves clarifying the job, telling people what to do, how to do it, and when.

A) Task behavior
B) Relationship behavior
C) Participative behavior
D) Autonomous behavior

Question 64

According to the life cycle theory of leadership, _____ involves providing people with support, giving them positive feedback, and asking for their opinions and ideas.

A) task behavior
B) autocratic behavior
C) relationship behavior
D) egoistic behavior

Question 65

Transformational leadership is closely related to:

A) transactional leadership.
B) team leadership.
C) informational leadership.
D) contemporary leadership.

Question 66

Which of the following is not a characteristic shown by a developmental manager?

A) Shared leadership
B) Developing individual skills
C) Absolute responsibility and control
D) Shaping a common vision

Question 67

_____ is an approach that helps groups to evolve effectively and to achieve highly supportive, open, creative, committed, high-performing membership.

A) Theory X leadership
B) Transactional leadership
C) Developmental leadership
D) Autocratic leadership

Question 68

In (a)n _____, organizational members take a hard look at the past to identify what to hold on to, while deciding what needs to go. Employee participation in the change process is the key.

A) transactional leadership
B) autocratic leadership
C) adaptive leadership
D) theory X leadership

Question 69

The paradox of _____ involves toughness and tenderness, putting the well-being of the group before the individual.

A) Theory X leadership
B) heroic management
C) servant leadership
D) structuring and telling leadership

Question 70

The long-run trend in U.S. industry is for managers to use a _____.

A) Theory X approach.
B) more participative approach.
C) structuring and telling style.
D) 9,1 authority-compliance management style.

Question 71

_____ is a traditional leadership approach and is similar to an exchange process.

A) Transactional leadership
B) Developmental leadership
C) Transformative leadership
D) Country club leadership

Question 72

_____ is the goal of a developmental leader.

A) Achieving personal objectives rather than the group's objectives
B) Building heroes
C) Withholding leadership from followers
D) Being a hero

Question 73

Which of the following is true about transactional and/or transformational leadership?

A) Leaders showing a transactional style convert followers into leaders.
B) Leaders can demonstrate both transactional and transformational leadership behaviors.
C) Transactional leaders use unorthodox management strategies.
D) Transformational leaders use traditional management strategies.

Question 74

Which of the following is characteristic of the participating and supporting style of leadership proposed by Hersey and Blanchard?

A) High task, low relationship
B) High task, high relationship
C) Low task, high relationship
D) Low task, low relationship

Question 75

According to Tannenbaum and Schmidt's leadership continuum, the greater the authority used by a supervisor, _____.

A) the larger the area of freedom for employees.
B) the more participative his or her leadership style is.
C) the smaller is the area of freedom for employees.
D) the lesser is the autocratic style of his or her leadership.

Question 76

Which of the following is not a characteristic of heroic managers?

A) They want to know at all times what is going on.
B) They should be able to solve any problem.
C) They should be the only ones responsible for how their departments work.
D) They have limited or no technical expertise.

Question 77

_____ have a great need for control and want to run things.

A) Heroic managers
B) Theory Y managers
C) Developmental managers
D) Country club managers

Question 78

The delegating leadership style proposed by Hersey and Blanchard that is appropriate for exceptionally capable and ready individuals is characterized by a:

A) high task, low relationship.
B) high task, high relationship.
C) low task, high relationship.
D) low task, low relationship.

Question 79

Servant leaders:

A) rely more on persuasion rather than using their positional authority.
B) use the same management strategies as heroic leaders.
C) have a high need for influence and control.
D) give more importance to their own welfare than the group's welfare.

Question 80

The Situational Leadership Model shows the relationship between:

A) the higher and lower needs of the employees.
B) the higher and lower needs of the supervisors.
C) the ambitions of the supervisor and the organizational objectives.
D) the readiness of followers and the leadership style.