Deck 11: Major Approaches and Materials for Literacy Instruction

Question 1

In the drafting stage of the writing process, writers

A)make revisions.
B)carefully observe the rules of grammar and spelling.
C)do not worry about handwriting.
D)search for a topic.

Answer 1

C

Question 2

A reading approach that uses small, flexible groups and leveled books that target students' instructional levels is _______.

Answer 2

guided reading

Question 3

The language experience approach

A)involves children dictating stories while the teacher writes them down.
B)cannot be used with pupils below the third grade.
C)does not work well for children who have limited life experiences.
D)makes use of basal readers.

Answer 3

A

Question 4

The type of journal in which students write a passage on one page and their reactions to it on another page is a

A)dialogue journal.
B)double-entry journal.
C)buddy journal.
D)response journal.

Question 5

The _______ included with a basal reading series are designed to provide practice on skills that have been previously taught in class.

Question 6

Online literature discussions

A)have been found to increase anxiety in readers.
B)can be more comfortable for shy or struggling students or ELLs.
C)model poor spelling and grammar habits.
D)are not recommended, particularly for ELLs.

Question 7

A method of presenting instructional material in small, sequential steps, that emphasizes active involvement of the learner, immediate reinforcement, and self-pacing, is

A)guided reading
B)dialogue journal
C)programmed instruction
D)word banks

Question 8

The first stage in a writing workshop is

A)a minilesson.
B)the status-of-the-class conference.
C)group share.
D)writing.

Question 9

Reading textbooks for students, workbooks, and teachers' manuals comprise a(n)_______ _______ series.

Question 10

Books that have the same author, theme, topic, genre, or some other relationship are called _______ ________.

Question 11

Students participating in reading workshops do all of the following except

A)periodically meet individually with the teacher.
B)keep records of the books they read.
C)do a lot of independent work at their seats.
D)perform specific roles such as discussion director, passage master, and connector.

Question 12

_______ is a synonym for reading error .

Question 13

The characteristics of literature-based approaches include

A)primarily short excerpts from well-written stories.
B)a heavy focus on skill development.
C)high-quality literature selections.
D)round-robin reading.

Question 14

An approach in which children choose the books that they use for reading class is the _______ _______.

Question 15

A whole-class reading of a core book, storytelling, and thematic literature units may be part of

A)a literature-based reading program.
B)a linguistic series.
C)the tech-to-stretch technique.
D)a programmed instruction routine.

Question 16

When spelling, handwriting, grammar, writing, and reading are treated as separate, unrelated subjects in a classroom:

A)the segmentation can interfere with students' natural, purposeful use of language.
B)students can better absorb what they are taught in each area.
C)students learn the interrelationships between writing and reading.
D)teachers tend to use writing and reading workshops for most literacy instruction.

Question 17

All of the following are characteristics of the reading workshop approach except

A)self-pacing.
B)three static achievement groups.
C)pupil-teacher conferences.
D)self-selection.

Question 18

Which statement about the characteristics of language experience stories is true?

A)They offer planned repetition of new words.
B)They emphasize sequential skill development.
C)They provide strict vocabulary control.
D)They emphasize the relationship between reading and writing.

Question 19

Which of the following is not a typical component of a guided reading lesson?

A)scaffolded reading
B)familiar reading
C)letter or word work
D)status of the class

Question 20

Supporters of the directed reading-thinking activity (DRTA)approach believe that children are, by nature:

A)unfocused.
B)slow to form their own opinions.
C)curious and inquiring.
D)unable to formulate questions.

Question 21

Case analysis: Ms. Stewart's principal told her to try using the reading workshop approach in her class. She dutifully told the class members that during reading class they could pick out a book they would like to read and read it independently at their desks. On the very first day, problems developed. Karl couldn't find a book that interested him. Shari had read all the books in the classroom library and begged Ms. Stewart to let her go to the school library to find something, but Ms. Stewart didn't think she should let Shari out of the room during reading class. Mark didn't want to read at all, and so he just moved books around on the shelves, without really looking at them. Ms. Stewart decided that the students in her class were not mature enough for this approach.
Do you think Ms. Stewart was right about her class? What caused Ms. Stewart's problem? What could she have done to avoid the problem?

Question 22

Dictated stories that may relate individual or group narratives about field trips, personal observations, and questions to be answered are called _______ stories.

Question 23

How have published reading series changed since you were in elementary school? What are the pros and cons of both older and current reading series?

Question 24

What is one positive aspect and one drawback of using programmed instruction?

Question 25

Case analysis: The principal comes to your room and finds students lying on the floor reading and writing. Some are talking with friends about their books or their writing, others are walking around the room apparently searching for something, and a few are seated at their desks looking at books. The principal frowns and asks you why the class is so disorganized. How do you answer?

Question 26

A variation of a language that is different from the original, but not different enough to be classified as a new language, is called a _______.

Question 27

Explain the value of connecting reading and writing through literature. Explain three ways that you will connect reading and writing through literature in your future classroom.

Question 28

Describe a directed reading activity and at least one alternative to this approach.

Question 29

An eclectic approach that combines the desirable aspects of several different methods and can include writing and reading workshop, read-alouds, and phonics is the ______ ______ _______.

Question 30

The language experience approach uses as a basis for reading instruction the language of the _______.