Deck 16: State Building and the European State System

Question 1

The outcome of the Wars of Spanish Succession saw ______________.

A) economic ruination of France
B) France and Spain forbidden to ever unite
C) Louis XIV's grandson Philip on the throne of Spain
D) a territorial shift in which Austria gained control of the Spanish Netherlands
E) All of these.

Answer 1

All of these.

Question 2

The Treaty of Utrecht forbid the uniting of ______________.

A) France and Spain
B) The Netherlands and Belgium
C) The Netherlands and Austria
D) Spain and Portugal
E) England and Scotland

Answer 2

France and Spain

Question 3

On his deathbed, Louis XIV told his heir to ______________.

A) increase taxes because the country was bankrupt
B) avoid indulging in women
C) avoid wars
D) purge the country of Huguenots
E) conquer and unify Spain and France

Answer 3

avoid wars

Question 4

Jansenists were seen as problematic because of their belief that ______________.

A) there was no such thing as divine right
B) that the Pope was the highest authority in the world
C) Louis XIV must actively and forcefully spread Catholicism in French colonies
D) human sinfulness was similar to Calvinist interpretation
E) France must allow religious toleration to improve the state

Question 5

What tactic did Leopold use most successfully to neutralize the threat of the Hungarian rebellion?

A) He granted them autonomy within the Holy Roman Empire.
B) He resettled the lands formerly occupied in war with other nationalities.
C) He deported all non-Catholics from his territory.
D) He decreed it illegal to use the Magyar language.
E) He promoted all Transylvanian nobility and replaced the Hungarian magnates.

Question 6

Louis XIV's finance minister was ______________.

A) Cardinal Mazarin
B) Duke de Sully
C) Jean Bodin
D) Jean-Baptiste Colbert
E) Baron de Condorcet

Question 7

Louis XIV justified his claim to absolutism with the concept of ______________.

A) divine right
B) legal tradition
C) one king, one faith, one law
D) princely authority
E) royal entitlement

Question 8

Who collected taxes for Louis XIV?

A) The nobility
B) parlements
C) Intendants
D) Capitiations
E) The royal guard

Question 9

In 1683, the Ottoman Turks attempted to lay siege to which city?

A) Prague
B) Brandenberg
C) Warsaw
D) Vienna
E) Budapest

Question 10

The largest army in Europe in the seventeenth century was in ______________.

A) France
B) Spain and the Spanish Netherlands
C) England
D) Prussia
E) Austrian Habsburg lands

Question 11

What significant step did Louis XV take to control France?

A) He wrote a Bill of Rights.
B) He created a centralized parlement.
C) He revised the tax collection system.
D) He revised the military recruitment policy.
E) He created a professional police force.

Question 12

Emperor Leopold laid claim to the territory of Hungary by claiming hereditary right as the ruler of ______________.

A) Romania
B) Serbia
C) Transylvania
D) Budapest
E) None of these.

Question 13

One of the most intricate and devastating wars that Louis XIV engaged in was the ______________.

A) Dutch Wars
B) Nine Years' War
C) War of the Spanish Succession
D) War of the League of Augsburg
E) Great Northern Wars

Question 14

Why was Louis XIV called the Sun King?

A) Because he viewed his place in the universe as equivalent to the sun in importance
B) Because he utilized the metaphor of sun and moon to place, respectively, the state and the church in ranking
C) Because the nobility believed he was "God's grace shining on France like the sun."
D) Because he deliberately chose Apollo as the symbol of Versailles and himself
E) Because he considered the sun part of his realm

Question 15

In the seventeenth century, France had colonies in all of the following areas except ______________.

A) the Caribbean
B) Canada
C) the East Indies
D) the North American heartland
E) New Orleans and the Gulf of Mexico

Question 16

What type of venue was the salon in France?

A) A chamber in the palace of Versailles in which petitions were presented to the king
B) A convocation of parlements to provide status updates
C) A social gathering presided over by well-born women for discussion of current events and interests
D) A school for diplomats
E) The administrative offices of the centralized state bureaucracy under Louis XIV

Question 17

Louis XIV's unusual approach to government in France was ______________.

A) a division of service personnel who were both old and newly appointed nobility
B) delegating authority to his councilors
C) declaring that he alone would rule France
D) invoking a parliament
E) appointing a cardinal to manage his affairs

Question 18

Why did Louis XIV start a war with the Netherlands in 1672?

A) He wanted to conquer the territory.
B) He wanted to enforce Catholicism.
C) The Dutch threatened his colonial holdings in North America.
D) He objected to their domination of trade and shipping in Europe.
E) He was allied with Spain through marriage to his wife, which was at war with the Dutch Republic.

Question 19

What role did Cardinal Mazarin play in Louis XIV's early years?

A) He was commander of the king's body guard.
B) He was the prime minister.
C) He was the tax collector.
D) He was the king's personal confessor.
E) He was the representative of the pope.

Question 20

Louis XIV's issuance of the Four Gallican Articles was aimed against the ______________.

A) Huguenots
B) Jansenists
C) pope
D) Catholic Church councils
E) Republicans

Question 21

The expansion of Russian boundaries under Catherine's reign was accomplished in the west by _____________.

A) capturing Baltic lands
B) seizing Turkish territory in the Caucasus
C) the partition of Poland with Austria and Prussia
D) expansion to the Pacific ocean
E) conscripting Cossacks into the Russian army

Question 22

In contrast to his father, Frederick William the Elector, King Frederick William I of Prussia practiced what religion?

A) Lutheran
B) Catholic
C) Calvinist
D) Mennonite
E) None of these.

Question 23

A significant way that Frederick William I funded his army that was different than other nations was that he ______________.

A) increased taxes
B) used capitation
C) did not borrow money to pay his expenses
D) did not require soldiers to equip themselves
E) granted serfs their freedom if they served in the military

Question 24

Why was Catherine the Great an unlikely contender for the Russian throne?

A) She was German.
B) She was Protestant.
C) She was married in to the Romanov family.
D) She was a woman.
E) All of these.

Question 25

The Austrian alliance brought Russia into European politics and diplomacy by forming a front against _____________.

A) France
B) England
C) Austria
D) Prussia
E) Sweden

Question 26

To Peter's mind, which of the following symbolic changes would signify westernization?

A) Speaking German
B) Dressing in military apparel
C) Shaving of beards
D) Importing European fabric for clothing
E) Changing from the Julian calendar

Question 27

Frederick William (Hohenzollern) solidified power in Prussia by all of the following methods except ______________.

A) building a large army
B) developing manufacturing centers
C) raising state revenues
D) using a twofold taxation system
E) conquering other principalities in Germany

Question 28

The Russian ruler given credit for making Russia into a European power was ______________.

A) Peter the Great
B) Catherine the Great
C) Ivan IV the Terrible
D) Michael Romanov
E) Peter III

Question 29

The War of Austrian Succession sought to ______________.

A) recognize a woman as inheritor of the Habsburg lands
B) put a member of the Bourbon dynasty on the throne of Spain
C) install a Hohenzollern dynasty over Austria
D) unify the kingdoms of Austria and Hungary
E) retain the capital in Vienna instead of Prussia

Question 30

In his attempt to control the nobility, Peter the Great _____________.

A) disbanded the Imperial Diet
B) outlawed serfdom
C) implemented a Table of Ranks
D) required his nobility to obtain a university education
E) created a new nobility of the sword

Question 31

Why was Leopold unable to develop absolutism like Louis XIV of France?

A) There were too many different nationalities within the Empire.
B) There was religious differentiation.
C) There was a more traditional hierarchy of magnates and serfs.
D) There was considerably less centralization of his bureaucracy.
E) All of these.

Question 32

A significant social change implemented by Peter the Great was to _____________.

A) end serfdom
B) create compulsory military service
C) order mandatory life service in either the military or civilian administration for nobles
D) eliminate Russian Orthodoxy
E) create collective farms for efficiency

Question 33

The most radical reform initiated by Peter the Great was _____________.

A) abolishing the patriarch of the church
B) requiring military service of the nobility
C) creating an Academy of Science
D) requiring his service personnel to pass literacy tests
E) abolishing serfdom

Question 34

Who was "restored" in 1660?

A) Oliver Cromwell
B) Charles I
C) Charles II
D) James II
E) William and Mary

Question 35

Pugachev's rebellion was significant because _____________.

A) it involved numerous people of various social orders
B) Catherine responded by abolishing serfdom
C) it ended the conscription of peasants into the army
D) it was the first successful demonstration against taxation in Europe
E) it unified the church, nobility, and government against the peasantry

Question 36

What was Peter the Great's motive for the Great Northern War?

A) To defeat his avowed enemy in Sweden
B) To utilize his newly developed navy
C) To gain access to the Baltic sea
D) To capture Finland
E) To suppress the Cossacks who had allied with Poland

Question 37

Peter the Great moved his capital to ______________.

A) Moscow
B) Cracow
C) Novgorod
D) Vladimir
E) St. Petersburg

Question 38

Which of the following was not an item taxed by Peter the Great to pay for his military reforms?

A) Beehives
B) Beards
C) Baths
D) Salt
E) People

Question 39

The Peace of Szatmár united what land under the rule of Leopold I?

A) Austria
B) Prussia
C) the Balkans
D) Hungary
E) Turkey

Question 40

The turning point of the Great Northern Wars was the battle at _____________.

A) Nystadt
B) Kronos
C) Lindgoord
D) Poltava
E) Vilnus

Question 41

How did Louis XIV use his powers to centralize and unify France?

Question 42

Who began the war of Austrian Succession?

A) Prussia
B) Austria
C) England
D) France
E) Bavaria

Question 43

In the War of Austrian Succession, Fredrick II sought the territory of _____________.

A) Sicily
B) Silesia
C) Ukraine
D) India
E) Burgundy

Question 44

Analyze the causes and effects of the Glorious Revolution.

Question 45

How did Prussia rise to prominence in eighteenth-century Europe?

Question 46

The 1689 Bill of Rights _____________.

A) stated that the monarch ruled by heredity, not contract
B) temporarily upheld James II's suspension of Parliamentary Law
C) did not include the right to a jury trial
D) granted the right to vote for all subjects
E) denied the king the right to raise an army on his own

Question 47

Define mercantilism, and discuss its effect on European economies during the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries.

Question 48

Which of the following nations did not follow the European standard of the professional standing army?

A) Austria
B) Prussia
C) Britain
D) Russia
E) France

Question 49

In the 1670s, the English Parliament was controlled by which faction?

A) Anglicans
B) Catholics
C) Puritans
D) Dissenters
E) None of these.

Question 50

How did Fredrick William attempt to fund his military campaigns?

Question 51

In the dispute over the succession of James II, which of the following groups supported him in Parliament and advocated the right of hereditary kingship?

A) Whigs
B) Tories
C) Republicans
D) Roundheads
E) Cavaliers

Question 52

Who ruled as a result of the Glorious Revolution?

A) James II
B) William and Mary
C) George I
D) Charles II
E) George II

Question 53

What was a long-lasting innovation in the French approach to warfare initiated by Sébastien le Prestre de Vauban ?

A) The drill manual
B) The goose step
C) Improved architecture of fortresses
D) The establishment of military hierarchy
E) The military academy

Question 54

What were the major successes and the limitations of Catherine the Great?

Question 55

Who were the winners and losers of the wars of the 1760s and 1770s?

Question 56

What were the reforms instituted by Empress Maria Theresa of Austria?

Question 57

Discuss Viennese and Hungarian military and political upheavals in the 1680s and 1690s.

Question 58

Whose theory of government was implemented by the Bill of Rights?

A) Thomas Hobbes
B) John Locke
C) John Calvin
D) Oliver Cromwell
E) Edward Clarendon

Question 59

Why did the Austrian Habsburgs have a more difficult time than the French in creating an absolutist government?

Question 60

Maria Theresa sought reform in all of the following except _____________.

A) administration of government
B) treatment of the serfs
C) military training
D) taxes
E) Austrian succession laws

Question 61

Instructions: Please define the following key terms.
intendants

Question 62

What were the significant differences between the Spanish and Austrian Wars of Succession?

Question 63

Instructions: Please define the following key terms.
Versailles

Question 64

A Transylvanian prince named Francis II Rákóczi led a rebellion against the Habsburgs during the war of Spanish Succession.

Question 65

How did the concept of "balance of power" fuel the European wars of the seventeenth and eighteenth century?

Question 66

Louis XIV of France was known for his exceeding politeness.

Question 67

Jansenists were conservative Catholic reformers in France who were condemned by the pope for their ideas on human sinfulness.

Question 68

The Seven Years' War was fought in North America.

Question 69

Instructions: Please define the following key terms.
Jean Baptist Colbert

Question 70

Instructions: Please define the following key terms.
War of the Spanish Succession

Question 71

Instructions: Please define the following key terms.
Louis XIV

Question 72

Instructions: Please define the following key terms.
Dutch War

Question 73

Frederick II of Prussia supported the right of Maria Theresa to rule Austria in the War of Austrian Succession.

Question 74

Instructions: Please define the following key terms.
Four Gallican Articles

Question 75

Instructions: Please define the following key terms.
mercantilism

Question 76

Parliament's Toleration Act granted religious toleration to all Christians in England.

Question 77

Catherine the Great encouraged Russian colonization in the south.

Question 78

King Frederick William I was a Calvinist and an absolutist.

Question 79

Peter the Great decisively rejected Western cultural influences in Russia.

Question 80

Sir Robert Walpole declined the offer to a seat in the House of Lords.