Deck 23: The Culture of Industrial Europe

Question 1

The first air travel was achieved by which nation in 1900?

A) Germany
B) America
C) Britain
D) Italy
E) China

Answer 1

Germany

Question 2

Steel technology was applied primarily to ______________.

A) weapons and transportation
B) architecture
C) machinery in other industries
D) personal goods
E) None of these.

Answer 2

weapons and transportation

Question 3

The Panama Canal connected which areas?

A) North and South America
B) The Pacific and Atlantic Oceans
C) The Mediterranean Sea and the Indian Ocean
D) The Indian and Pacific Oceans
E) Africa and Europe

Answer 3

The Pacific and Atlantic Oceans

Question 4

Guglielmo Marconi is significant for his invention of ______________.

A) telefacsimile
B) gramophone
C) wireless communication
D) moving pictures
E) vacuum cathode tubes

Question 5

The telephone was invented by ______________.

A) Alexander Graham Bell
B) Werner von Siemens
C) Thomas Edison
D) Samuel Morse
E) Baron Schilling

Question 6

The first mass-produced automobile was the ____.

A) Mercedes Benz
B) Ford Model T
C) Panhard Lavosser
D) Peugot
E) Mercer Raceabout

Question 7

One of the wealthiest developers of the petroleum industry was ______________.

A) JP Morgan
B) Andrew Carnegie
C) John D. Rockefeller
D) Karl Benz
E) Thomas Edison

Question 8

Industrial growth went hand in hand with what demographic event?

A) Population increase
B) Population decrease
C) Urbanization
D) Decreased child mortality rates
E) Later age of marriage

Question 9

The most important product of the Second Industrial Revolution was ______________.

A) electricity
B) trains
C) steel
D) petroleum
E) chemical byproducts

Question 10

The newspaper industry was enhanced in the second half of the nineteenth century by the invention of all of the following except ______________.

A) the telegraph
B) cheap mass-produced paper
C) the linotype machine
D) lithography
E) annaline dyes

Question 11

The European leader of the chemical industry was ______________.

A) France
B) Poland
C) Germany
D) England
E) Holland

Question 12

The transmission of news through a telegram was accomplished by means of what?

A) Morse Code
B) Numeric code
C) Voice transmission
D) Electrical impulses graphed on ticker tape
E) Radio waves

Question 13

Which of the following facilitated suburban growth in the nineteenth century?

A) Public transportation such as trams and subways
B) Public housing
C) Electricity
D) Gas lights
E) Hygiene

Question 14

Public power stations were developed by the Siemens family and established first in ______________.

A) Berlin
B) Munich
C) Vienna
D) England
E) Paris

Question 15

The first multi-story building was built in which city?

A) London
B) Paris
C) New York
D) Chicago
E) Berlin

Question 16

The new chemical sciences produced widely applicable goods, including ______________.

A) dynamite
B) fertilizer
C) medicine
D) cellophane
E) All of these.

Question 17

The growth of the professional classes and middle-class employment was called ______________.

A) skilled labor
B) nepotism
C) white collar
D) blue collar
E) proletariat

Question 18

One of the cheapest and most widely available means of transportation in the nineteenth century was the ______________.

A) train
B) trolley bus
C) automobile
D) steamship
E) tram

Question 19

What was considered new about electricity's applications in the late nineteenth century?

A) It powered industry in a cleaner fashion than coal.
B) It could be transported over long distances.
C) It provided a cheaper alternative to steam power.
D) It permitted people to work later hours.
E) It allowed cities to maintain control over the utility industry.

Question 20

With the opening of the Suez Canal, transportation between Britain and India decreased by how much?

A) 25 percent
B) 33 percent
C) 40 percent
D) 50 percent
E) 70 percent

Question 21

Feminism and activities for women's rights were carried out primarily by whom?

A) Working women
B) Social theorists
C) Middle class women
D) Women of aristocratic means with access to power
E) Women in universities

Question 22

Within Europe, women found the best educational opportunities for university training in ______________.

A) France
B) England
C) Germany
D) Switzerland
E) Spain

Question 23

Which sport was seen as the leisure activity of the well-to-do?

A) Soccer (football)
B) Bicycling
C) Billiards
D) Golf
E) Rugby

Question 24

Honoré Daumier was famous for his ______________.

A) cubism
B) impressionism
C) caricatures
D) realism
E) landscapes

Question 25

Which of the following factors accounted for the doubling of the European population in the nineteenth century?

A) Fewer epidemics
B) Improvements in the health sciences
C) Lack of widespread wars
D) Better nutrition
E) All of these.

Question 26

All of the following are known for artwork as social critique except ______________.

A) Daumier
B) Millet
C) Repin
D) Manet
E) Monet

Question 27

What did physician John Snow in Britain accomplish?

A) He proved that cholera was transmitted by water rather than air.
B) He proved that cholera could be treated with antibiotics.
C) He developed vaccines against tuberculosis and diphtheria.
D) He developed a theory of microorganisms causing infection.
E) He initiated washing of hands between patients to prevent the spread of disease.

Question 28

Which profession was least likely to increase in the late nineteenth century middle classes in Europe?

A) Banker
B) Professor
C) Physician
D) Lawyer
E) Dentist

Question 29

Impressionism was ______________.

A) a term originally meant as an insult
B) a movement begun by Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec
C) first exhibited at the Salon de Paris in 1863
D) an attempt to achieve photographic realism
E) None of these.

Question 30

Which of the following did not contribute to the growth of leisure time in western and central Europe?

A) Shorter working hours
B) Technological innovations
C) Better transportation
D) Growth of suburbs
E) Religious support demanding a day of rest

Question 31

Why did birthrates decline in western Europe in the late nineteenth century?

A) Birth control and abortion were widely available.
B) Child mortality rates decreased.
C) Industrialization caused more women to work.
D) People married at a later age.
E) None of these.

Question 32

In revolutionizing shopping as a consumer industry, Aristide Boucicaut's Bon Marché provided all of the following except ______________.

A) the ability to see merchandise without obligation to purchase
B) catalogues
C) a return policy
D) seasonal sales
E) buying on credit

Question 33

Who was known for his posters advertising night clubs?

A) Manet
B) Monet
C) Toulouse-Lautrec
D) Picasso
E) Renoir

Question 34

Among Louis Pasteur's contributions to the field of public health were ______________.

A) heating drinks to kill microbacteria
B) developing vaccines
C) promoting standards of hygiene to reduce illness
D) using sterilization to reduce infections in hospitals and surgery
E) all of these

Question 35

Who invented the tourism industry in Britain?

A) The Thomas Brothers
B) Henry Fodor
C) Thomas Cook
D) Nathanial Thomas
E) Stephen Saint-James

Question 36

Monet is known for his paintings of ______________.

A) scandalous subjects
B) peasants
C) political figures
D) dance halls
E) haystacks

Question 37

Which of the following was one of the most popular entertainments using new technology?

A) Magic Lantern shows
B) Cabaret
C) Serialized books in mass papers
D) Dance clubs with electric lights
E) Vulcanized rubber in sports equipment

Question 38

Pablo Picasso was born in ______________.

A) Portugal
B) France
C) Spain
D) Italy
E) Brazil

Question 39

Two of the newer sports that were deemed suitable for women to play were ______________.

A) bicycling and croquet
B) golfing and tennis
C) tennis and bicycling
D) golfing and rugby
E) None of these.

Question 40

Respectable positions for women in the working world at the end of the nineteenth century included all of the following except ______________.

A) salesclerks
B) postal clerks
C) teachers
D) nurses
E) physicians

Question 41

How did transportation change in the nineteenth century?

Question 42

All of the following artists lived and painted in France except ______________.

A) Mary Cassatt
B) Pablo Picasso
C) James McNeil Whistler
D) Claude Monet
E) Gustav Klimt

Question 43

How did the "new science" move from being the world of industry to the realm of theoretical applications?

Question 44

How did Auguste Comte and his theories influence the social sciences?

Question 45

The idea of improving humanity by encouraging reproduction of those with "desirable traits" is called ______________.

A) eugenics
B) evolution
C) genetic selection
D) natural selection
E) Mendelism

Question 46

Who was the leader of the Social Darwinist movement?

A) Herbert Spencer
B) Gregory Mendel
C) Carl Linnaeus
D) Albert Einstein
E) Nels Bohr

Question 47

How was industrialization transformed by innovations in chemistry?

Question 48

What problems did the concept of evolution pose to the scientific and religious worlds?

Question 49

What was the most important technological advance in production in the second half of the nineteenth century? Why?

Question 50

The focus of Max Weber's work was ______________.

A) the explanation of all natural and human phenomena in scientific terms
B) the creation of a new science called sociology
C) the inner workings of authority and obedience
D) the three stages of history
E) Gemeinschaft and Gesellschaft

Question 51

Which book had to be defended in court against charges of obscenity?

A) Great Expectations
B) The Devils
C) Crime and Punishment
D) Madame Bovary
E) Fathers and Sons

Question 52

Who used Cubist techniques to paint Nude Descending a Staircase ?

A) Pablo Picasso
B) Marcel Duchamp
C) Gustav Klimt
D) Mary Cassatt
E) Paul Klee

Question 53

Who was the founder of the Arts and Crafts movement in Britain?

A) William Morris
B) Alphonse Mucha
C) Marcel Duchamp
D) Pablo Picasso
E) Gustav Klimt

Question 54

How did popular art and the technology that produced it create a more diverse audience?

Question 55

Comte's system of positivism embraced modernity by ______________.

A) arguing that humans were indeed the product of evolution, and by virtue of their success, Europeans were superior in the world
B) posing three phases of human development, with the last phase (modern) embracing science and quantitative methods for proving social theory
C) rejecting the artifice of Romanticism and returning instead to the values of the Enlightenment
D) cataloguing human accomplishments by degrees of technology
E) None of these methods

Question 56

What were the most significant advances in medicine in the nineteenth century?

Question 57

Who discovered the elements polonium and radium?

A) Marie Curie
B) Pierre Curie
C) Louis Pasteur
D) Linus Pauling
E) Albert Einstein

Question 58

The study of genetics was advanced in the nineteenth century by ______________.

A) Charles Darwin
B) Linus Pauling
C) Gregor Mendel
D) Herbert Spencer
E) Louis Pasteur

Question 59

What was the impact of technology on society, particularly in relation to leisure time?

Question 60

How did the development of a consumer society transform employment possibilities for women?

Question 61

Instructions: Please define the following key terms.
Panama Canal

Question 62

Einstein's general theory of relativity was proved during a solar eclipse.

Question 63

Instructions: Please define the following key terms.
Magic lantern

Question 64

Western Europe, excluding Ireland, developed "mass society" before Central and Eastern Europe.

Question 65

Instructions: Please define the following key terms.
Marie Curie

Question 66

Freud believed that no human was innately good or bad.

Question 67

The Panama Canal made it possible for English ships to reach India 50 percent faster.

Question 68

Instructions: Please define the following key terms.
Crystal Palace Exhibition

Question 69

The chemical table of elements was developed by Dmitri Mendeleev.

Question 70

Instructions: Please define the following key terms.
feminism

Question 71

What beliefs did Friedrich Nietzche espouse? Whom did he influence?

Question 72

Instructions: Please define the following key terms.
Rosa Luxemburg

Question 73

Charles Darwin's main contribution to the scientific field was the idea of evolution.

Question 74

Dostoyevsky was condemned to death for being part of a radical reading circle.

Question 75

Instructions: Please define the following key terms.
Bon Marché

Question 76

European feminism of the late nineteenth century was primarily a middle class phenomenon.

Question 77

Instructions: Please define the following key terms.
Emmeline Pankhurst

Question 78

Beginning in 1860, writers were able to earn a living from their work because of new copyright laws.

Question 79

Instructions: Please define the following key terms.
Florence Nightingale

Question 80

The Bon Marché store in Paris catered to the wealthiest clientele with luxury goods.