Deck 4: From Polis to Cosmopolis: the Hellenistic World

Question 1

King Philip II had support from a Greek orator who thought he could unify them and put aside polis differences. This man was ______________.

A) Demosthenes
B) Aristotle
C) Isocrates
D) Hippocrates
E) Archimedes

Answer 1

Isocrates

Question 2

Greeks generally dismissed the Macedonians as barbarians because they ______________.

A) were considered rude
B) did not speak proper Greek
C) did not contribute to the growth of Golden Age literature
D) spent too much time hunting and drinking
E) considered all of these to be true of the Macedonians

Answer 2

considered all of these to be true of the Macedonians

Question 3

Which is the most famous colony in Alexandria?

A) Bucephalus
B) Greece
C) Egypt
D) Turkey
E) Persia

Answer 3

Egypt

Question 4

In order to establish Greek presence in the territories he conquered, Alexander established ______________.

A) new colonies populated by retired soldiers
B) satrapies of deported Greeks
C) freedom from slavery for any Greek who would move to his new cities
D) trade agreements free of tariffs for Greek merchants
E) universities led by Greek philosophers

Question 5

In the division of the Alexandrian Empire, the Seleucids gained control over which area?

A) India
B) Macedonia
C) Egypt
D) Asia
E) Greece

Question 6

Alexander I's first battle after succeeding his father took place in which area?

A) Sparta
B) Thebes
C) Armenia
D) Issus
E) Tyre

Question 7

The battle at which Alexander defeated Darius III and was injured was ______________.

A) Gordum
B) Issus
C) Jaffa
D) Persepolis
E) Gaugamela

Question 8

Which area did Darius III offer to Alexander as an act of settlement?

A) Egypt
B) The Jordan River Valley
C) Persopolis
D) his empire west of the Euphrates
E) Armenia

Question 9

The Macedonian infantry under Philip II was noted for its ______________.

A) spears
B) shields
C) swords
D) archery
E) armor

Question 10

Who was the historian who wrote most about Alexander's conquests?

A) Livy
B) Herodotus
C) Plutarch
D) Pindar
E) Nearchus

Question 11

Where was Macedonia located?

A) Far northeastern Greece
B) Sicily
C) Far southeastern Greece
D) Far northwestern Greece
E) Central Greece

Question 12

Alexander met the greatest resistance to his conquests led by ______________.

A) Demosthenes
B) Darius III
C) Cleopatra VII
D) Porus
E) his own Macedonian troops

Question 13

What was the cause of Alexander's death in 323 B.C.E.?

A) Poisoning
B) Battle injuries
C) The flu
D) Malaria
E) It is unknown.

Question 14

Due to a loss of power of Macedonia, the Antigonid ruler was only able to hold power in Greece by ______________.

A) offering stipends to retired soldiers to live on their lands
B) enslaving the former coastal colonies as a buffer zone
C) establishing strategic fortresses to control the Greeks
D) allowing small pockets of democracy
E) applying martial law to the whole area

Question 15

What was the main territory that Philip II wanted to conquer?

A) Sparta
B) Anatolia
C) Rome
D) Egypt
E) India

Question 16

Alexander founded more than seventy colonies throughout the empire, all named after himself except for the one he named after his ___________.

A) patron goddess
B) father
C) son
D) horse
E) wife

Question 17

One of the main objections that the Macedonians and Greeks had to Alexander's conquests was ______________.

A) his grandiose plans to build an empire
B) his insistence that everyone learn to speak Greek
C) his desire to see Persian culture blend with Macedonian
D) his refusal to settle in one area and raise a family
E) None of these.

Question 18

Philip II of Macedonia conquered Greece and then formed a coalition called the ______________.

A) League of Sparta
B) Delian League
C) League of Corinth
D) Peloponnesian League
E) Julian League

Question 19

Who thought Macedonians, like other non-Greeks, were only fit to be slaves?

A) Euripides
B) Isocrates
C) Aristotle
D) Darius
E) Alexander

Question 20

Which of the following is not a method used by Alexander to integrate his empire?

A) Adoption of Persian style of dress
B) Using Persian styles of administration with non-Greeks as bureaucrats
C) Unifying his army by teaching non-Greeks the Macedonian style of fighting
D) Imposing Greek religion throughout his empire
E) All of these were used

Question 21

What was offered by Hellenistic mystery cults?

A) Revenge on barbarian cultures
B) Appealing to the gods to cure illness
C) The secret to accruing wealth
D) A blissful afterlife
E) Acceptance into foreign lifestyles

Question 22

As a result of their discomfort due to cultural displacement, many Greeks looked to ____ to regain control in their lives.

A) building a powerful army
B) promoting Greek philosophy as the triumph of the western world
C) athletic prowess and personal fitness
D) embracing a multicultural perspective
E) religion

Question 23

Aristotle's opinion on change was that ______________.

A) the gods willed change to happen when they so desired
B) the world was defined by the manner in which change happened
C) change was the misperception by unenlightened thinkers, and that perfect forms existed in unchanging form
D) change was the result of imperfections dying out
E) the world changed on a regular basis and we could only study it

Question 24

Which was the primary stopping point for commercial traffic on the Anatolian coast?

A) Antioch
B) Carthage
C) Pergamum
D) Rhodes
E) Alexandria

Question 25

Which was the most demanding of the mystery cults?

A) The Cult of Cybele
B) The Cult of Eleusinia
C) The Cult of Isis
D) The Cult of Osiris
E) The Cult of Demeter

Question 26

Syncretism, or fusion between cultures, was demonstrated in the Hellenistic world in which forms?

A) Religion
B) Literature
C) Architecture
D) Art
E) All of these.

Question 27

Which of the following was not a result of the Hellenistic economic changes?

A) The infusion of Persian silver into the Mediterranean world
B) Inflation
C) Increased prosperity
D) Impurities in metal coins
E) An international market economy

Question 28

The standard language used for commerce and intellectual discussion in the Hellenistic era was ______________.

A) English
B) Aramaic
C) Koine
D) Demotic
E) Persian

Question 29

One of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World affiliated with the Egyptian city of Alexandria was ______________.

A) the lighthouse
B) the library at Alexandria
C) the Colossus of Rhodes
D) the pyramid marking Alexander's grave
E) the Hanging Gardens

Question 30

A significant reason that the Greeks in the Hellenistic Age felt out of place in cosmopolitan life was that ______________.

A) their accomplishments seemed insignificant by comparison
B) their gods were not seen as being truly comparable to more awesome gods of other cultures
C) they felt their culture was no longer the most superior in the world, threatening their sense of identity
D) some of the other cultures they encountered were wealthier than Hellenistic ones
E) they felt the unification of other nations and empires was a significant political accomplishment

Question 31

Under Ptolemaic Egypt, the Greeks were ______________.

A) ostracized
B) top officials in a centralized government
C) given lavish rewards by the pharaoh
D) punished for being unwilling to learn Egyptian culture
E) in charge of a new system of education

Question 32

Hero of Alexandria invented ______________.

A) the first steam engine
B) the water clock
C) the Anticythera Device
D) a screw that could be used for irrigation and which bears his name
E) the first keyboard instrument

Question 33

The centers of culture in the Hellenistic world were found in ______________.

A) Greek colonies
B) cities
C) the palaces of the kings
D) independent academic institutions
E) places where Alexander had lived

Question 34

Which of the following did Hippocrates, a scientist of medicine, believe?

A) Illness was caused by diet or environment.
B) Rest was important.
C) The body would generally heal itself.
D) The important point of an illness was crisis, after which the patient would either live or die.
E) All of these.

Question 35

The primary characteristic of the Ptolemaic administration in Egypt was ______________.

A) a very centralized structure headed by Greeks
B) an integrated administration by both Greeks and Egyptians
C) a very segregated domination of religion by Egyptians only
D) the highest offices filled by nobles from each civilization
E) complete subjugation of all Egyptians

Question 36

The influential scientist who proposed that the earth revolves around the sun was ______________.

A) Aristotle
B) Euclid
C) Eratosthenes
D) Aristarchus
E) Ptolemy

Question 37

Merchants in the Hellenistic area opened trade for the first time with which area?

A) Arabia
B) Africa
C) India
D) China
E) All of these.

Question 38

The first practical philosopher was ______________.

A) Pythagoras
B) Plato
C) Socrates
D) Thales
E) Aristotle

Question 39

Pergamum was notable for its ______________.

A) Museum
B) library
C) parchment
D) sculpture
E) armies

Question 40

The most famous Hellenistic inventor was ______________.

A) Archimedes
B) Ctesibius
C) Aristarchus
D) Hero
E) Andronicus

Question 41

What were the most important advances in Hellenistic technology?

Question 42

The Maccabean revolt occurred in protest against ______________.

A) Antigonus of Macedonia
B) the Seleucid king Antiochus IV
C) Athanasius of Nicea
D) Salome Alexandria
E) Albanensus the Cynic

Question 43

The main goal of the Maccabean Revolt in 167 B.C.E. was ______________.

A) political independence
B) imparting adherence to Hellenistic culture
C) overthrowing the Sadducees
D) approving the Septuagint
E) creating an environment of religious toleration

Question 44

The main focus of the intellectual and philosophical search for identity was figuring out ______________.

A) who was in charge of one's destiny
B) what was the proper place of an individual in the world
C) what was the meaning of life
D) how one could reconcile philosophy and religion
E) what would come in the afterlife

Question 45

All of the following methods were utilized by Antiochus IV Epiphanes to promote Hellenism except ______________.

A) he forbid the practice of circumcision
B) he forbid studying the Torah
C) he did not allow observation of the Jewish Sabbath
D) he defiled the Hebrew temple by requiring ritualized prostitution and slaughter of pigs
E) he embraced Christianity as a new sect within Judaism

Question 46

The Greek translation of the Old Testament created by seventy Jewish translators in Alexandria was the ______________.

A) Torah
B) Tanakh
C) Septuagint
D) Scripture
E) Psalms

Question 47

How did the Greeks deal with the loss of their cultural hegemony? What did they do in order to assimilate and become more cosmopolitan?

Question 48

Describe the major characteristics of Hellenistic culture.

Question 49

Diogenes' followers were called ______________.

A) Epicureans
B) Cynics
C) practical philosophers
D) Logicians
E) Stoics

Question 50

How did a larger sense of the world affect Hellenistic culture?

Question 51

What happened to Judaism in the Hellenistic era after Alexander's death?

A) The Ptolemaic kingdom allowed freedom of religion.
B) The Antigonid kingdom demanded adherence to Stoicism.
C) Conservative Jews rejected Hellenized Judaism as too compromised.
D) There was widespread conversion to Judaism in the religiously tolerant Hellenistic world.
E) Syncretism with other religions led to Christianity.

Question 52

Compare and contrast Hellenic thought with the philosophy of the Hellenistic Age.

Question 53

The Eleusinian mysteries at Athens honored ______________.

A) Mithra
B) Isis
C) Demeter
D) Athena
E) Cybele

Question 54

Define mystery cults in the context of Hellenistic spirituality.

Question 55

The Jewish faction that opposed Hellenism and wanted rigorous enforcement of Jewish law was ______________.

A) the Sadducees
B) the Pharisees
C) the Essenes
D) the Sanhedrin
E) None of these

Question 56

A tenet of Epicureanism was that ______________.

A) everyone should live according to nature and ignore social conventions
B) all was comprised of atoms that randomly fell through space
C) the universe was highly structured according to an organizing force called Logos
D) everyone could achieve satisfaction by following their designated place and duties in life
E) each individual should pursue his or her own pleasure because time is fleeting

Question 57

What is the significance of the Maccabean revolt?

Question 58

The supreme legal and legislative body of the Jews in Jerusalem was known as the ______________.

A) Sadducees
B) Pharisees
C) Essenes
D) Hasidim.
E) Sanhedrin

Question 59

What factors led to the rise of Macedonia?

Question 60

How did the Greek understanding of polis become cosmopolis in the Hellenistic world?

Question 61

Compare and contrast Hellenistic Era science and technology with that of Classical Age.

Question 62

Instructions: Please define the following key terms.
League of Corinth

Question 63

Instructions: Please define the following key terms.
Macedonians

Question 64

Prior to his unexpected death, Alexander the Great planned to conquer Arabia next.

Question 65

Greek science included a steam engine.

Question 66

Instructions: Please define the following key terms.
Philip II

Question 67

To be initiated into most mystery cults, one had to provide a blood sacrifice.

Question 68

Compare and contrast Stoicism, Epicureanism, and Cynicism. What was the appeal of each?

Question 69

Instructions: Please define the following key terms.
Alexandria

Question 70

Aristotle was a student of Socrates.

Question 71

The Seleucid kingdom was the least organized and hardest to control of Alexander's conquests.

Question 72

Alexander the Great assassinated his father to take over his empire.

Question 73

Because of exposure to the Hellenistic world, Greeks no longer believed that everything non-Greek was barbarian.

Question 74

Instructions: Please define the following key terms.
Aristotle

Question 75

Discuss the importance of identity in the Seleucid, Antigonid, and Ptolemaic kingdoms, and the challenges faced by each.

Question 76

The city of Rhodes was Alexander's center of trade in Egypt.

Question 77

The last Hellenistic kingdom to fall to Rome was that of Pergamum.

Question 78

Instructions: Please define the following key terms.
Bactria

Question 79

Poet and playwright Euripides was torn apart by Macedonian hunting dogs.

Question 80

Hippocrates believed that most illnesses were caused by diet or environment.