Deck 8: The Paradoxical Era: 19681980

Question 1

Domestic federal spending in the 1970s

A) markedly decreased.
B) remained unchanged.
C) markedly increased.
D) was nonexistent.

Answer 1

C

Question 2

By 1980 the American welfare state consisted of a series of overlays as well as linked programs including

A) programs traditionally operated by local governments.
B) state level social welfare programs.
C) programs linked to federal funding and oversight.
D) All of the answers are correct.

Answer 2

D

Question 3

Federalizing the Food Stamps Program, establishing national eligibility standards, making participation in the program mandatory for all states, and developing a revised benefit schedule caused the program to

A) decrease in size in the 1970s.
B) stay at the same level as in the Johnson Administration.
C) markedly grow in size in the 1970s.
D) nearly disappear in the 1970s.

Answer 3

C

Question 4

It was during Nixon's administration that the Occupational Safety and Health Administration was formed to increase

A) federal oversight of safety standards.
B) federal oversight of technology.
C) state oversight of chemicals in technology.
D) state oversight of safety standards.

Question 5

Supplemental Security Insurance (SSI) is

A) federally funded welfare program for elderly and disabled persons.
B) a supplemental program to social security.
C) a universal income supplementing program.
D) a program providing stipends to individuals in security professions.

Question 6

Nixon's reform strategy was best defined as

A) supporting radical reform issues.
B) traditional conservatism.
C) expanding resources to the poor and service.
D) similar to Lyndon Johnson.

Question 7

The 1970s was

A) a highly conservative decade.
B) a highly liberal decade.
C) a decade with both liberal and conservative tendencies.
D) characterized by apathy.

Question 8

Jimmy Carter was a conservative Democrat president.

Question 9

In the 1970s a "gray" lobby was energized to mobilize support for programs that benefitted older persons. Some lobby groups included

A) the American Association of Retired Persons (AARP).
B) the National Council of Senior Citizens (NCSC).
C) the Gray Panthers.
D) All of the answers are correct.

Question 10

During Nixon's administration, welfare reform was proposed with a program, "Family Assistance Plan." If this program been enacted it would have

A) guaranteed income for intact families.
B) generous work incentives.
C) repealed the state-run AFDC program and replaced it with a federal program.
D) All of the answers are correct.

Question 11

Nixon's downfall was caused by

A) his declaring war in Cambodia.
B) his signing a peace treaty with Vietnam.
C) his bombing the Soviet Union.
D) a break-in at the Democratic campaign headquarters in the Watergate Office Building in which presidential aides, cabinet officials, and Nixon himself were implicated.

Question 12

Nixon federalized the Food Stamp Program and created eligibility standards, making participation in the program mandatory for all states.

Question 13

Indexing Social Security benefits

A) adjusted them to the index of economic growth.
B) increased it to the cost of living.
C) adjusted them to the growth of the gross domestic product.
D) made everyone involved rich.

Question 14

The women's movement found that direct action needed to be complemented with all of the following actions to foster change except

A) redress job discrimination and seek resources for child care.
B) reform state laws on rape and obtain legislation allowing for maternal and paternal leaves.
C) develop funding for battered women's shelters and secure equal pay for equal work.
D) decrease child support payments from divorced or absent fathers and decrease legislation regarding sexual harassment in the workplace.

Question 15

Gerald Ford was an imaginative president who passed numerous pieces of social reform legislation.

Question 16

The following factors led to substantial increases in the numbers of Americans with disabilities.

A) Automobile accidents and the Vietnam conflict
B) The Vietnam conflict and police violence
C) Automobile accidents and lead poisoning
D) The Vietnam conflict and lead poisoning

Question 17

The political climate changed in 1972 toward conservatism partly due to white backlash-a feeling of resentment expressed by many white ethnic, blue-collar, and middle-class persons believing that African Americans were receiving unwarranted or disproportionate benefits from the federal government.

Question 18

Policy reform during the Paradoxical era of the 1970s included

A) expanded Food Stamps Program.
B) indexed Social Security retirement benefits.
C) reduce stigma by declaring benefits were entitlements.
D) All of these are correct.

Question 19

Many people argue that Nixon advanced civil rights even as he often used racist language.

Question 20

The War on Drugs declared during the Nixon administration continues today and

A) has not stopped the importation of drugs into the United States.
B) disproportionately targets urban areas and low-income African American and Latino users.
C) offers little or no treatment to users once they are incarcerated.
D) All of these are correct.

Question 21

In spite of gaps, by the end of the 1970s, a relatively sophisticated welfare state had evolved in the United States.

Question 22

The current War on Drugs rooted in the 1970s continues to promote erroneous information suggesting that most drug addicts are persons of color.

Question 23

The women's movement in the 1970s had to work hard to overcome dissent within their movement.

Question 24

There was little networking among individuals with different disabilities until 1972 when President Nixon vetoed the Rehabilitation Act and an array of persons demonstrated in response.

Question 25

Both Nixon and Carter started their presidency with a relatively liberal emphasis but moved in a more conservative direction.