Deck 21: East Asia in Global Perspective

Question 1

One of the consequences of Japanese aggression in the sixteenth century was

A)the creation of the Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere.
B)the defeat of weakened Chinese armies by the Manchu.
C)the complete defeat of Japanese forces.
D)the alliance formed between China, the Manchus, and Japan.
E)the destruction of the Manchu Empire.

Answer 1

the defeat of weakened Chinese armies by the Manchu.

Question 2

Which empire replaced the Ming Empire of China?

A)Qing Empire
B)Han Empire
C)Yuan Empire
D)Yi Empire
E)Qin Empire

Answer 2

Qing Empire

Question 3

Which of the following factors led to political unification in Japan between 1500 and 1800?

A)relatively small size
B)a culturally homogenous population
C)natural boundaries
D)prolonged warfare ended by Hideyoshi
E)All of these are correct.

Answer 3

All of these are correct.

Question 4

The group within the Tokugawa era that weakened centralized economic policies was the wealthy

A)daimyo.
B)shoguns.
C)merchants.
D)samurai.
E)scholars.

Question 5

The main form of economic exchange between the lords and their followers in the Tokugawa Shogunate was

A)cash.
B)land.
C)political power.
D)rice.
E)stock options.

Question 6

What environmental event affected both Europe and China in the seventeenth century?

A)The Great Forest Blight
B)The River Pandemic
C)The Little Ice Age
D)The Universal Warming
E)All of these are correct.

Question 7

In 1614, a Japanese government decree banned

A)Christianity.
B)Confucianism.
C)trade with Europe.
D)None of these are correct.
E)All of these are correct.

Question 8

Which of the following did NOT contribute to Tokugawa Japan's instability?

A)The samurai went into debt.
B)The merchants gained in power.
C)The government remained traditional in a society that was changing.
D)The introduction of Christianity caused Buddhism to die out.
E)Population and economic growth put a strain on resources.

Question 9

Merchants from which country arrived in China in 1513?

A)Spain
B)Portugal
C)England
D)Holland
E)Italy

Question 10

Which of the following was not a motive for Hideyoshi's invasion of Korea?

A)to impress domestic rivals
B)to keep daimyo busy fighting outside Japan so they could not rebel
C)to destroy East Asian trade networks
D)to push out Christian daimyo
E)to eventually conquer China

Question 11

European visitors to Ming China in the sixteenth century were

A)dissatisfied with the quality of Chinese goods.
B)trying to convince the Chinese to accept the Russian presence in Manchuria.
C)buying huge quantities of opium, which was unavailable in Europe at the time.
D)astonished at its power, manufacturing, and vast population.
E)unimpressed by China's grandeur.

Question 12

The town at which all Europeans had to trade during the Qing Empire was called

A)Kowtow.
B)Canton.
C)Galdan.
D)Amur.
E)Peking.

Question 13

In the 1630s, the Japanese government

A)sharply curtailed Christian missionary activities.
B)largely closed Japan to European trade and Christian influence.
C)had Europeans illegally in Japan face the death penalty.
D)required Japanese to produce certificates of Buddhist temple participation.
E)All of these are correct.

Question 14

What European organization was a transmitter of science and technology to China?

A)The Society of Jesus, or Jesuits
B)The Teutonic Knights
C)The Knights Templar
D)The Order of the Cross
E)The Royal Scientific Society

Question 15

For European merchants, the China trade was second in importance only to the

A)Japanese silver trade.
B)Indian monsoon trade.
C)African tea trade.
D)Southeast Asian spice trade.
E)None of these is correct.

Question 16

Although European enthusiasm for Chinese trade was high,

A)the bigotry of the West limited the market for Asian goods.
B)China produced virtually no products.
C)Western countries feared the opium trade.
D)the Chinese limited the Europeans to trade in one city.
E)Chinese products were of inferior quality.

Question 17

When Li Zicheng took Beijing, the Ming empire turned for help to this group, which eventually overthrew the

A)Japanese Ronin.
B)Mongolian Buddhists.
C)Manchu soldiers from the Northeast.
D)rebel forces from the Southwest.
E)Korean private armies eager to overthrow Japan.

Question 18

The term "Dutch studies" referred to

A)a period in Japanese history that corresponded to the "tulip period" of the Safavid empire.
B)a partnership between Japanese merchants and the VOC for trading of porcelain.
C)Japanese who learned about European weapons, shipbuilding and sciences from the Dutch based in Nagasaki.
D)the requirement by the Emperor that Christian missionaries must learn Japanese as the Dutch had done.
E)a learning curve as the Dutch traders attacked the technologically inferior Japanese, who adapted their technology to overthrow the merchants later.

Question 19

What incident of 1701-1703 exemplified the crisis of Japan's transformation from a military to a civil society?

A)The Lonely Ronin
B)The Hidden Ronin
C)The Resurrected Ronin
D)The Forty-Seven Ronin
E)The Shinto Ronin

Question 20

The Japanese response to Francis Xavier and the Society of Jesus (or the Jesuits)was

A)to officially welcome it with open arms.
B)to murder every Jesuit that entered the country.
C)to adopt Catholic beliefs.
D)to blend Shinto, Buddhist, and Catholic belief systems.
E)mixed; while some were opposed to it, others were attracted.

Question 21

During the Qing Empire, what new item(s)or idea(s)did Europe gain from China?

A)an early form of inoculation
B)the practice of decorating homes with wallpaper
C)silk, porcelain, and tea
D)the poetry written by the Qing emperors
E)All of these are correct.

Question 22

Explain how the European relationship with China changed from astonishment and admiration to criticism and frustration.

Question 23

The item Europeans called "china" was also known as

A)Cantonese fish.
B)rice.
C)porcelain.
D)black tea.
E)Hunan chicken.

Question 24

How did population growth and environmental stress contribute to the decline of the Qing Empire?

Question 25

How did the Tokugawa Shogunate fall into decline and crisis?

Question 26

Describe the Choson empire of Korea as it strengthened in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. How was Korea influenced by China and Japan? What role did the yangban have in Korean society?

Question 27

The federation of Northeast Asian peoples who founded the Qing Empire were known as

Question 28

Instructions: Answer the following question(s).
Describe the conflict between Russia and China over the Amur territories and how it was resolved.

Question 29

To gain converts, the Jesuits made what compromise?

A)They tolerated Confucian ancestor worship.
B)They allowed Chinese women to become priests.
C)They acknowledged the emperor to be a god on earth.
D)They broke away from the Catholic Church.
E)They freely mixed Buddhism and Confucianism into Orthodox Catholicism.

Question 30

Population growth in China in the 1700s led to

A)a better standard of living due to cheap labor.
B)massive unionization of Chinese workers.
C)better working conditions among artisans.
D)severe environmental problems and internal rebellions.
E)an economic "boom" as demand for goods rose as well.

Question 31

Which of the following best describes the yangban?

A)"The two orders" of civil and military leaders of the Koryo government
B)the warrior class of the Choson Koryo state
C)Hideyoshi's handpicked invaders
D)a type of Korean warship
E)female Korean philosophers

Question 32

How did Jesuit missionary work differ from that of other Christian groups in China?

A)Jesuits focused on the intellectual and political elite.
B)Jesuits focused on the merchants.
C)Jesuits focused on conversion of the bottom of society.
D)Jesuits used syncretism to promote Buddhism as a parallel of Christianity.
E)None of these are correct.

Question 33

What problem did the British face with China's "Canton system"?

A)Britain couldn't meet China's demand for goods.
B)China bought few British goods.
C)China wanted British rule in Canton to facilitate trade.
D)The British wanted to go to Canton only for trade.
E)A gold deposit was required as goodwill collateral.

Question 34

The British attempt to revise the China trading system was called the

A)Canton gambit.
B)Macartney mission.
C)Opium war.
D)Choson identity.
E)Kowtow conference.

Question 35

Among the cross-cultural intellectual exchanges between China and Europe, variolation was

A)when diplomats spontaneously combusted.
B)immunization by vaccine.
C)a bilingual printing of trade contracts.
D)drawing maps that showed the Eastern as well as the Western world.
E)a means by which Chinese physicians compared European anatomy to that of Asians.

Question 36

The Treaty of Nerchinsk

A)allied the Chinese and Russians against the Germans.
B)allowed Europeans into formerly closed China.
C)gave China a communist political system.
D)fixed the northern border of China and the southern border of Russia along the Amur River.
E)was violated the day after it was signed and led to a war.

Question 37

Which of the following describes Matteo Ricci?

A)An outstanding Jesuit scholar
B)An expert in the Chinese language
C)A scholar of Confucian classics
D)A Jesuit missionary who introduced European technology to China
E)All of these are correct.

Question 38

What internal and external pressures did Japan face during its period of reunification? How did Japan deal with these challenges?

Question 39

During the Choson era of Korean history, what percentage of the population was slaves?

A)10 percent
B)20 percent
C)30 percent
D)50 percent
E)75 percent

Question 40

Who helped negotiate an act of settlement between Russia and China?

A)Ivan IV and Kangxi
B)Jesuit interpreters
C)Siberian shamas
D)Confucian scholars
E)Marco Polo's grandson

Question 41

Why was Korea a logical first step for Hideyoshi's political conquests?

Question 42

Although the Tokugawa Shogunate gave Japan more political unity than the islands had seen in centuries, who remained regionally based with a great deal of power and autonomy?

Question 43

In Korea, one had to be born into the class to take the civil or military exams.