Deck 6: The Correctional Client

Question 1

Due to prison overcrowding, correctional officials and parole boards believe that situational offenders are most appropriate for early release because they typically pose a minimal threat to the public.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

of those convicted receive a community sentence such as a fine or probation.

A) ​Two-thirds
B) ​One-half
C) ​One-third
D) ​One-quarter

Answer 2

A

Question 3

The offender is most likely to be the object of exploitation and practical jokes while incarcerated.

A) ​situational
B) ​career
C) ​mentally handicapped
D) ​alcohol

Answer 3

C

Question 4

Classification systems apply a set of subjective criteria to all inmates in order to arrive at an appropriate classification.

Question 5

Deinstitutionalization allows offenders the ability to also use affect treatment strategies in the community.

Question 6

One-fourth of those convicted of a crime receive a community sentence such as a fine or probation.

Question 7

_________ offenders are more likely to seek solitude.

A) ​Situational
B) ​Elderly
C) ​Drug abuser
D) ​Habitual

Question 8

Most women believe rape is a violation emotionally, physically, and rationally as well as a degrading act of violence.

Question 9

A key way to prevent AIDS both inside and outside of a correctional setting is through knowledge about the virus.

Question 10

One correctional policy decision that may influence who becomes a correctional client is that street crimes warrant more attention from police.

Question 11

It would be safe to say that classification decisions are not, on the whole, subject to sociopolitical pressures.

Question 12

A classification system that has a significant amount of overlap is able give correctional administrators guidance about appropriate treatment for offenders.

Question 13

A person who has been convicted of three or more offenses is now considered to be a situational offender.

Question 14

More than 3 percent of the U.S. population is currently under some form of correctional control.

Question 15

Sex offenders usually seek out strangers as their targets.

Question 16

It would be safe to say that significant numbers of correctional clients have a history of heavy drinking.

Question 17

Every offender assigned to correction is unique; no two offenders are exactly alike.

Question 18

Generally, mentally ill persons represent a greater risk of committing violent crimes than the population as a whole.

Question 19

Most sexual offenses occur between strangers.

Question 20

The public's response to crime frequently makes classification an emotionally charged issue.

Question 21

Half of those entering state prisons are years old.

A) ​between 25 and 32
B) ​younger than 18
C) ​between 18 and 27
D) ​older than 35

Question 22

In a typical group of 30 or so young adults, it is likely that has been locked up.

A) ​at least five
B) ​at least one
C) ​at least half
D) ​no one

Question 23

References to "types" of offenders means they:

A) ​are easily stereotyped because their actions are so similar.
B) ​are fairly predictable for purposes of parole.
C) ​share important characteristics even though they vary in others.
D) ​behave very similarly for purposes of prediction.

Question 24

Most sexual offenses do not involve:

A) ​violence.
B) ​drugs or alcohol.
C) ​acquaintances.
D) ​the police.

Question 25

The most slippery concept in the classification of offenders is that of the:

A) ​career criminal.
B) ​violent.
C) ​sex offender.
D) ​mentally ill.

Question 26

When we talk about characteristics associated with criminal offenders, we can conclude that:

A) ​there is much diversity with respect to the backgrounds of prisoners.
B) ​on the whole, while unique differences do exist, there are still many similarities among prisoners.
C) ​it is difficult (if not impossible) to make any general statements about criminal offenders.
D) ​most offenders are very violent and dangerous, and as a result, deserve some form of incarceration.

Question 27

The drug abuser presents problems for corrections

A) ​indistinct and hardly any
B) ​classification and organizational
C) ​very few significant
D) ​both treatment and management

Question 28

In classifying offenders, correctional administrators put them into groups based on:

A) ​their needs for treatment.
B) ​risk.
C) ​security issues they pose to the prison.
D) ​all of these.

Question 29

A convicted sex offender would commonly fall under which of the following subclasses?

A) ​a rapist
B) ​a prostitute
C) ​a child molester
D) ​any of the these

Question 30

Correctional treatment programs have proven to be most effective with:

A) ​compulsive and habitual drug abusers.
B) ​pedophiles.
C) ​career criminals.
D) ​none of these.

Question 31

Correctional clients, as a group, seem to the rest of society.

A) ​differ greatly from
B) ​be similar to
C) ​vastly like
D) ​be indistinguishable from

Question 32

According to your text, situational offenders pose many problems for the correctional system. Which of the following has been identified as a problem with these offenders?

A) ​They will generally repeat the offense in the future.
B) ​They are extremely difficult to rehabilitate.
C) ​Their crimes are usually less serious than most crimes committed by other offenders.
D) ​They are the most problematic and violent prisoners in the inmate social system.

Question 33

The majority of offenses committed by mentally handicapped people are classified as _____________ or public order crimes.

A) ​sex
B) ​property
C) ​violent
D) ​drug

Question 34

To combat ambiguities in classification, correctional administrators have started using:

A) ​more subjective criteria in an attempt to successfully predict future criminal behavior.
B) ​expanded criteria to admit all relevant facts and use those facts involved in the case.
C) ​a limited number of factors pertaining to substance abuse.
D) ​classification systems that recognize similarities and differences between offenders.

Question 35

One key method shown to prevent AIDS transmission is through:

A) ​education.
B) ​passing out condoms.
C) ​prohibiting homosexual behavior.
D) ​legalizing drugs.

Question 36

Programs that deal with mentally handicapped offenders have recently focused on:

A) ​incapacitation.
B) ​rehabilitation.
C) ​deinstitutionalization.
D) ​drug therapy.

Question 37

A person who has committed a sexual act prohibited by law is known as a:

A) ​career criminal.
B) ​situational offender.
C) ​elderly offender.
D) ​sex offender.

Question 38

The decision to is a factor influencing the filtering process:

A) ​pigeonhole
B) ​grant bail
C) ​violate the law
D) ​acquit

Question 39

Most people would hardly call their own job a if they had been seen at work only three or four times.

A) ​habit
B) ​career
C) ​passion
D) ​calling

Question 40

The treatment program that has consistently proven to be successful for the alcohol abuser in general population but less successful for those in the correctional population is:

A) ​psychotherapy.
B) ​milieu therapy.
C) ​group counseling.
D) ​Alcoholics Anonymous.

Question 41

In recent years, America's prison population has been:

A) ​getting younger.
B) ​aging.
C) ​shrinking.
D) ​expanding.

Question 42

Match each item to the phrase or sentence listed below.
a.Apply objective criteria to all prisoners
b.IQs of less than 70
c.Person who sees criminality as their life
d.Mental patient returns to the community
e.Julie Schenecker is one
f.Confined for life or until cured
g.Classification based on possible future criminal conduct
h.Classification based on appropriate correctional treatment
i.Classification based on seriousness of crime
j.Person who spends more than 10 years incarcerated
Program criteria

Question 43

___________ is more an economic crime than a sexual crime.

Question 44

Match each item to the phrase or sentence listed below.
a.Apply objective criteria to all prisoners
b.IQs of less than 70
c.Person who sees criminality as their life
d.Mental patient returns to the community
e.Julie Schenecker is one
f.Confined for life or until cured
g.Classification based on possible future criminal conduct
h.Classification based on appropriate correctional treatment
i.Classification based on seriousness of crime
j.Person who spends more than 10 years incarcerated
Risk criteria

Question 45

Match each item to the phrase or sentence listed below.
a.Apply objective criteria to all prisoners
b.IQs of less than 70
c.Person who sees criminality as their life
d.Mental patient returns to the community
e.Julie Schenecker is one
f.Confined for life or until cured
g.Classification based on possible future criminal conduct
h.Classification based on appropriate correctional treatment
i.Classification based on seriousness of crime
j.Person who spends more than 10 years incarcerated
Classification systems

Question 46

Match each item to the phrase or sentence listed below.
a.Apply objective criteria to all prisoners
b.IQs of less than 70
c.Person who sees criminality as their life
d.Mental patient returns to the community
e.Julie Schenecker is one
f.Confined for life or until cured
g.Classification based on possible future criminal conduct
h.Classification based on appropriate correctional treatment
i.Classification based on seriousness of crime
j.Person who spends more than 10 years incarcerated
Offense criteria

Question 47

Match each item to the phrase or sentence listed below.
a.Apply objective criteria to all prisoners
b.IQs of less than 70
c.Person who sees criminality as their life
d.Mental patient returns to the community
e.Julie Schenecker is one
f.Confined for life or until cured
g.Classification based on possible future criminal conduct
h.Classification based on appropriate correctional treatment
i.Classification based on seriousness of crime
j.Person who spends more than 10 years incarcerated
Career criminal

Question 48

Factors influencing the filtering process through the correctional system include department policy and .

Question 49

Martin and Yablonsky describe a(n) ___________ offender as one who made a mistake and paid a debt to society for that mistake.

Question 50

Match each item to the phrase or sentence listed below.
a.Apply objective criteria to all prisoners
b.IQs of less than 70
c.Person who sees criminality as their life
d.Mental patient returns to the community
e.Julie Schenecker is one
f.Confined for life or until cured
g.Classification based on possible future criminal conduct
h.Classification based on appropriate correctional treatment
i.Classification based on seriousness of crime
j.Person who spends more than 10 years incarcerated
Civil commitment

Question 51

Although the mere act of ______________ is not considered a serious offense, the collateral acts of predatory crime and violence are considered quite serious.

A) ​stealing
B) ​consensual sex with a minor
C) ​vandalism
D) ​drug abuse

Question 52

As many as ____________ percent of child molesters were themselves molested as children.

A) ​10
B) ​90
C) ​25
D) ​50

Question 53

Match each item to the phrase or sentence listed below.
a.Apply objective criteria to all prisoners
b.IQs of less than 70
c.Person who sees criminality as their life
d.Mental patient returns to the community
e.Julie Schenecker is one
f.Confined for life or until cured
g.Classification based on possible future criminal conduct
h.Classification based on appropriate correctional treatment
i.Classification based on seriousness of crime
j.Person who spends more than 10 years incarcerated
Long-term prisoner

Question 54

Match each item to the phrase or sentence listed below.
a.Apply objective criteria to all prisoners
b.IQs of less than 70
c.Person who sees criminality as their life
d.Mental patient returns to the community
e.Julie Schenecker is one
f.Confined for life or until cured
g.Classification based on possible future criminal conduct
h.Classification based on appropriate correctional treatment
i.Classification based on seriousness of crime
j.Person who spends more than 10 years incarcerated
Situational offender

Question 55

More prisoners receive sentences in the United States than in any other Western nation.

A) ​life
B) ​community
C) ​short
D) ​lengthy

Question 56

Prostitution is considered more a(n) ____________ crime than a sex crime.

A) ​violent
B) ​public order
C) ​economic
D) ​property

Question 57

The central problem with the mental health model of criminality is that we:

A) ​are too lenient on these offenders.
B) ​cannot read people's minds.
C) ​spend too much on these offenders.
D) ​should not incarcerate those who are ill.

Question 58

Match each item to the phrase or sentence listed below.
a.Apply objective criteria to all prisoners
b.IQs of less than 70
c.Person who sees criminality as their life
d.Mental patient returns to the community
e.Julie Schenecker is one
f.Confined for life or until cured
g.Classification based on possible future criminal conduct
h.Classification based on appropriate correctional treatment
i.Classification based on seriousness of crime
j.Person who spends more than 10 years incarcerated
Mentally handicapped

Question 59

Match each item to the phrase or sentence listed below.
a.Apply objective criteria to all prisoners
b.IQs of less than 70
c.Person who sees criminality as their life
d.Mental patient returns to the community
e.Julie Schenecker is one
f.Confined for life or until cured
g.Classification based on possible future criminal conduct
h.Classification based on appropriate correctional treatment
i.Classification based on seriousness of crime
j.Person who spends more than 10 years incarcerated
Deinstitutionalization

Question 60

offenders have been convicted of violent crimes or drug offenses.

Question 61

Describe the classification process as it pertains to the U.S. correctional system. Explain the value and importance for both the inmates and staff.

Question 62

One of the most successful alcohol treatment programs having shown effectiveness is .

Question 63

Long-term inmates face three major issues while they are incarcerated. List and explain all three issues and how inmates are affected by them.

Question 64

The term __________________ offender describes a person whose behavior may be traced to a diminished or otherwise abnormal capacity to think or reason.

Question 65

The term __________ refers to a person who sees crime as a way of earning a living and has numerous contacts with the law throughout his/her life.

Question 66

The mentally ill offender is now recognized as an overgeneralization and a(n) .

Question 67

Identify the two reasons why the prison population is aging. What consequences does this have for corrections? What distinct advantages and challenges does the elderly inmate present? Should we continue to incarcerate people past a certain age? Why or why not?

Question 68

While only 2 percent of the U.S. adult population abuses drugs, over ___________ percent of those in prison admit to doing so.

Question 69

We can view the criminal justice system as a(n) , because it operates as a large offender selection bureaucracy.

Question 70

Once a person is __________________, a range of punishments of escalating severity may be imposed.

Question 71

Compare the situational offender to the career criminal. What are the main differences and what are their similarities?

Question 72

Define what is meant by "mentally ill offender." Discuss the changes that have occurred over time regarding this type of inmate and the foreseeable changes in the future for corrections classification process.

Question 73

A person who in a particular set of circumstances has violated the law but is not normally given to criminal behavior and who is unlikely to repeat the offense is the .

Question 74

The ____________________ is often the most despised offender in court and in prison.

Question 75

produce more disastrous consequences than heroin addicts.

Question 76

Due to prison overcrowding, correctional officials believe that __________ offenders are most appropriate for early release because these offenders typically pose little or no threat to the public.

Question 77

When the justice system brings the more serious cases forward for more severe punishment, it acts as a selective .