Deck 7: Policing: Contemporary Issues and Challenges.

Question 1

Which of the following is true about weapons technology?​

A) ​There have been no new advances in weapons technology.
B) ​Police departments need to consider nonlethal weapons because departments have been sued over injuring or killing suspects.
C) ​New technologies in weaponry present no problems at all for police.
D) ​Police do not have nonlethal weapons currently available for use.

Answer 1

B

Question 2

Which of the following is a technique used to control the police as described in your textbook?​

A) ​Violent protests
B) ​Media criticism
C) ​Peaceful protests
D) ​Civilian review boards

Answer 2

D

Question 3

The U.S.Supreme Court ruled that police must use "objective reasonableness" in judging whether to use deadly force in the case of​

A) ​Whren v. U.S. (1996).
B) ​Maryland v. Wilson (1997).
C) ​Tennessee v. Garner (1985).
D) ​Graham v. Connor (1989).

Answer 3

D

Question 4

What is known about polygraph,or "lie detector," tests?​

A) ​They are always accurate.
B) ​They are unreliable.
C) ​They are always inaccurate.
D) ​Police never use such tests.

Question 5

Which of the following is true concerning police accreditation?​

A) ​It is mandatory for all police departments to follow nationally recognized standards.
B) ​None of the police departments in the United States follows nationally recognized standards.
C) ​It is voluntary whether all police departments follow nationally recognized standards.
D) ​Each police department has its own established standards.

Question 6

Which of the following statements is not true regarding what police experience when working in internal affairs?​

A) ​They serve for a set period of about seven years.
B) ​They experience it as stressful work.
C) ​They have difficulty maintaining relationships with other officers.
D) ​They typically receive full cooperation from other officers.

Question 7

According to your text,which of the following statements best reflects current use of new technology in policing?​

A) ​It is never a problem.
B) ​Police departments stand to gain very little from the use of new technology.
C) ​New technology may raise issues regarding constitutional rights.
D) ​Police rarely use new technology.

Question 8

Police officers are expected to use what type of force?​

A) ​Corporal punishment
B) ​Discretionary
C) ​Legitimate and reasonable
D) ​Military

Question 9

Which unit in a police department receives and investigates complaints against officers?​

A) ​Vice
B) ​Citizen review committee
C) ​Internal affairs
D) ​Ethics violations department

Question 10

Which of the following occurs when officers receive a cash "gift" from offenders in order for them to avoid prosecution?​

A) ​Bribery
B) ​Mooching
C) ​Chiseling
D) ​Extortion

Question 11

What is the major argument made by police against police review boards?​

A) ​They frequently find against officers, even if there is not sufficient evidence.
B) ​Civilians cannot understand the problems of policing.
C) ​They should not have the power to investigate individual officers.
D) ​Only a few of the largest cities use review boards.

Question 12

Which of the following is not one of the main forensic tools used by police?​

A) ​Fingerprint analysis
B) ​Blood analysis
C) ​Hair analysis
D) ​Genetic coding

Question 13

The U.S.Supreme Court ruled that lawsuits can be filed against individual officers and agencies when civil rights are violated by the customs and usages of the department in​

A) ​Whren v. U. S. (1996).
B) ​Maryland v. Wilson (1997).
C) ​Tennessee v. Garner (1985).
D) ​Monell v. Department of Social Services for the City of New York (1978).

Question 14

Which of the following is not a mechanism used to control the police?​

A) ​Internal affairs investigators
B) ​Personal resolutions
C) ​Standards and accreditation
D) ​Civil liability lawsuits

Question 15

The acronym CODIS stands for​

A) ​Collinear Debate in Serology.
B) ​Creativity in Other Devices in Seriousness.
C) ​Convictions of Deviants in Sentencing.
D) ​Combined DNA Index System.

Question 16

Which of the following is true concerning internal affairs?​

A) ​Internal affairs maintains formal mechanisms for the public to register complaints.
B) ​Internal affairs never views complaints as attacks on the entire department.
C) ​Internal affairs usually focuses on grand corruption.
D) ​It is difficult for internal affairs to get officers to provide information.

Question 17

According to your textbook,at least one study reflected that the single largest predictor of police use of force is​

A) ​citizens disrespecting the police.
B) ​citizens being intoxicated.
C) ​citizens lying about their identity.
D) ​use of force by suspects against police first.

Question 18

Officers who accept payoffs that happen to come their way are called​

A) ​meat eaters.
B) ​grass eaters.
C) ​weed eaters.
D) ​night eaters.

Question 19

Holding police officers responsible for any unprofessional (or criminal)behavior is referred to as​

A) ​civil liability.
B) ​statutory assessment.
C) ​legislative occupation.
D) ​civic accountability.

Question 20

What U.S.Supreme Court case involved a ruling that police are not supposed to use deadly force in apprehending unarmed fleeing felons?​

A) ​Whren v. U.S. (1996)
B) ​Maryland v. Wilson (1997)
C) ​Tennessee v. Garner (1985)
D) ​Graham v. Connor (1989)

Question 21

Which of the following is considered new technology in weapons?​

A) ​Taser
B) ​Handgun
C) ​DNA
D) ​Flexible baton

Question 22

____________________ units receive and investigate complaints against officers.

Question 23

_____________________ was passed after the attacks on September 11,2001,increased governmental power to search and surveil those suspected of committing terrorism.

Question 24

Lawsuits brought by citizens against police are known as ____________________ suits.

Question 25

Which of the following is true about private policing?​

A) ​It is a fairly recent development in policing.
B) ​It developed because of a reduction in crime.
C) ​It developed because police departments were not hiring.
D) ​It developed over a long period of time.

Question 26

_________________ is used to determine an individual's genetic fingerprint.

Question 27

Pepper spray and nightsticks are considered types of ____________________ weapons.

Question 28

Which of the following is true about public police officers working for private firms?

A) ​Congress passed a law prohibiting it.
B) ​If they work for private firms they never retain their full powers as officers.
C) ​With proper agreements within the police agency, officers may work for private firms and retain full officer powers.
D) ​Police officers never work for private firms.

Question 29

For the purpose of apprehending criminal offenders,which of the following is true concerning weapons technology?​

A) ​The U.S. Supreme Court forbids the use of nonlethal weapons against suspected criminals.
B) ​Nonlethal weapons cannot be used against prisoners.
C) ​Nonlethal weapons would most likely be used on suspects who might be harmful to themselves or others.
D) ​Nonlethal weapons are being developed for suspects who are not dangerous.

Question 30

The advancement of new technologies in police work can be found in​

A) ​body armor.
B) ​gun-shot detection.
C) ​airport scanners.
D) ​all of the above.

Question 31

____________________-recognition technology is a technique that examines the interior of the eye and matches its unique characteristics with information in a database.

Question 32

____________________ aggressively misuse their power for personal gain.

Question 33

Which model designed to manage off-duty employment of officers permits close control by police supervisors of the off-duty work performed by their officers?​

A) ​Officer contract model
B) ​Conflict-of-interest model
C) ​Union brokerage model
D) ​Department contract model

Question 34

____________________ are officers who accept payoffs that circumstances of police work bring their way.

Question 35

A group of citizens that investigates behavior by police officers or a police department is known as a(n)____________________.

Question 36

Which model lets officers contract independently with permission?​

A) ​Officer contract model
B) ​Conflict-of-interest model
C) ​Union brokerage model
D) ​Department contract model

Question 37

An officer who lies,under oath,in order to provide an alibi for a fellow officer engaged in illegal activity is guilty of ____________________.

Question 38

Which of the following is not a reason for the rise in private policing?​

A) ​Budgetary constraints upon the states
B) ​Fear of crime
C) ​Increase in the supply of people wanting to become police officers
D) ​Increase in crimes in the workplace

Question 39

Law enforcement officials used a thermal imaging device at a house to detect unusual heat sources that might indicate marijuana being cultivated under "grow lights." Their efforts led to a search of the home and the discovery of 100 marijuana plants.The Supreme Court declared this an illegal search in​

A) ​Kyllo v. United States (2001).
B) ​Tennessee v. Garner (1985).
C) ​Graham v. Conner (1989).
D) ​Terry v. Ohio (1968).
E) ​Monell v. Dept. of Social Services for the City of New York (1978).

Question 40

If a police officer demands that a business purchase tickets to a police function,and implies that the business will experience some type of negative action if the tickets are not purchased,this is called ___________.

Question 41

Police have not developed new weapons in over 50 years.

Question 42

The ____________________ lets officers contract independently with permission.

Question 43

All 50 states are members of MATRIX,the Multistate Anti-Terrorism Information Exchange.

Question 44

New technology in policing is always reliable.

Question 45

Looking only at victim statistics,police kill more young African American men than young Caucasian men.

Question 46

____________________ involves the department paying an officer for off-duty work.

Question 47

Internal affairs maintains a formal process for citizens to file complaints.

Question 48

Police can never use deadly force.

Question 49

The job of controlling police misbehavior is often left to the internal control of the police department.

Question 50

According to your text,internal affairs is a stressful job.

Question 51

Polygraph tests are admissible in a court of law.

Question 52

Deadly force was used in the Edward Garner case .

Question 53

Since September 11,2001,American police have increasingly focused their activities on____________________.

Question 54

The techniques used to control police are adequate to prevent misconduct from occurring again.

Question 55

Less-lethal weapons may cause officers to act too quickly when an incident might be handled without force.

Question 56

Many citizens perceive that much of police misconduct may be hidden from public view.
​

Question 57

American citizens have always had the right to sue police departments for misconduct.

Question 58

Police need to develop new technologies in weaponry because officers have been sued for injuring or killing suspects.

Question 59

Increasing surveillance measures can potentially risk violating the civil liberties of citizens.

Question 60

The "rotten apple" theory explains nearly all police corruption.

Question 61

Private firms are not allowed to hire public police officers.

Question 62

Through the use of _____________ technology and software,police departments can analyze hot spots,crime trends,and other crime patterns.

A) ​CODIS
B) ​IAFIS
C) ​geographic information system
D) ​TSA

Question 63

What new technologies aid police in the role of monitoring and controlling movements of suspects and/or inmates?​

Question 64

There have been many critics of the USA Patriot Act,who claim that the act infringes on individual rights and possibly violates the U.S.Constitution.Do you agree with these critics,or does the Patriot Act help to keep our country safer? Support your answer with material from the text.

Question 65

The _________ unit is a branch of a police department that receives and investigates complaints alleging violations of rules and policies on the part of officers.

Question 66

The Department of ____________ was formed after the events of September 11,2001.

A) ​International Affairs
B) ​Terrorism
C) ​FBI
D) ​Homeland Security

Question 67

Weapons such as pepper spray and air-fired beanbags or nets that are intended to incapacitate a suspect without inflicting serious injuries are known as _________ weapons.

A) ​lethal
B) ​less-lethal
C) ​nonlethal
D) ​brutality

Question 68

Lawsuits charging brutality,false arrest,and negligence are brought in state and _______ courts.

A) ​federal
B) ​local
C) ​county
D) ​international

Question 69

Funding for homeland security issues has generally come from money supporting community policing.

Question 70

Your text discusses the advances in technology that help police to solve crimes.What implications does this new technology have for police training?​

Question 71

Why are victimless crimes a problem for police corruption?​

Question 72

Rapport with the community is enhanced when citizens feel sure that the police will protect their persons and property and the rights guaranteed by the _________.

A) ​Magna Carta
B) ​Constitution
C) ​Declaration of Independence
D) ​Federalist Papers

Question 73

The USA Patriot Act has made it more difficult to collect evidence against suspected terrorists.

Question 74

Local police departments are not trained in homeland security issues.

Question 75

The rise of private agencies is not related to the increase in crime.

Question 76

Law enforcement agencies need to be trained to recognize terrorist threats such as the growth of phony charities.

Question 77

Some law enforcement executives have been concerned that the increased focus on homeland security and fighting terrorism has diverted funding from local police agencies.Do you believe that we are ignoring problems in our own country while trying to fight terrorism? Discuss your opinion,and why you feel that way.

Question 78

Which of the following is not a major effect on law enforcement resulting from police corruption?​

A) ​Suspects are left free to engage in further crime.
B) ​Morale is damaged and supervision becomes lax.
C) ​The image of the police suffers.
D) ​Officers have better chances of promotion.

Question 79

The rise in private agencies is related to the fear of crime.

Question 80

Why is it so difficult for internal affairs units to investigate crimes committed by police?​