Deck 16: Reentry Into the Community

Question 1

Which type of release involves the parole board making decisions?​

A) ​Mandatory release
B) ​Discretionary release
C) ​Unconditional release
D) ​Community release

Answer 1

B

Question 2

Which of the following is true about parole boards?​

A) ​Parole boards have become hesitant in granting parole for fear of being perceived as "soft" on crime.
B) ​Parole boards are always comprised of corrections experts.
C) ​Parole boards can predict accurately the future behavior of an offender.
D) ​Parole boards are always independent from the department of corrections.

Answer 2

A

Question 3

What are the two roles played by parole officers?​

A) ​Cop and minister
B) ​Warden and cop
C) ​Cop and social worker
D) ​Landlord and friend

Answer 3

C

Question 4

It can be difficult to place halfway houses in communities due to the public sentiment referred to as​

A) ​"no offenders in my neighborhood" (NOIMN).
B) ​"take inmates out of communities" (TIOOC).
C) ​"keep them locked up tight" (KTLUT).
D) ​"not in my backyard" (NIMBY).

Question 5

The laws and rules that must be followed by parolees are called​

A) ​parole conditions.
B) ​the sentencing contract.
C) ​constitutional restrictions.
D) ​conditions of release.

Question 6

What group is most likely to be unemployed in the United States after release from prison?​

A) ​Male Caucasians under the age of 30
B) ​Male Hispanics under the age of 30
C) ​Male African Americans under the age of 30
D) ​Male African Americans aged 30 or over

Question 7

Which of the following facilities allows inmates to spend a portion of the day at work but reside in a nonsecure facility outside of prison?​

A) ​Supermax
B) ​Halfway house
C) ​Ticket of leave
D) ​Furlough

Question 8

When inmates are released from correctional institutions during the day so they may work or attend school,this is called ______ release.

A) ​mandatory
B) ​discretionary
C) ​unconditional
D) ​work and educational

Question 9

In most states,which of the following people are allowed to attend parole hearings?​

A) ​Board members only
B) ​The inmate only
C) ​Correctional officers only
D) ​Board members, the inmate, and correctional officers

Question 10

Up to 90% of released offenders do not participate in transitional programs.According to your text,why is this?​

A) ​Most released offenders don't want to use them.
B) ​Most released offenders cannot access them.
C) ​Most released offenders receive such instruction while in prison.
D) ​Most released offenders do not need transitional programs.

Question 11

An expiration release means that the inmate​

A) ​has died.
B) ​cannot serve any additional time.
C) ​has been granted a furlough.
D) ​is required to attend school or training.

Question 12

In the early parole system in the United States,prisoners were released on parole when​

A) ​their sentences expired.
B) ​the prisons became full.
C) ​the victims consented to their release.
D) ​their conduct showed they were ready to return.

Question 13

When an inmate is released after he or she has served time equal to the total sentence minus good time,this is called _________ release.

A) ​mandatory
B) ​discretionary
C) ​unconditional
D) ​community

Question 14

Which actor/entity typically determines discretionary release of state prisoners?​

A) ​State prison release commissioner
B) ​Parole board
C) ​State supreme court
D) ​Prison warden

Question 15

Based on information contained in the companion website,how is the parole system in Japan different from that in the United States?​

A) ​Japan has no parole system.
B) ​Japanese parole involves extensive participation from community volunteers.
C) ​Japan only offers parole to misdemeanor offenders.
D) ​Japan only offers parole to younger inmates.

Question 16

According to Travis and Petersilia,which of the following is not a factor that contributes to the reentry problem?​

A) ​Reduced powers of parole boards
B) ​Increased drug use by inmates in prison
C) ​Diminished opportunities for inmates to complete rehabilitation programs
D) ​Offenders being incarcerated for longer periods

Question 17

What is the most commonly used method of release into the community?​

A) ​Discretionary release
B) ​Other conditional release
C) ​Mandatory release
D) ​Expiration release

Question 18

The earliest forms of parole used

A) ​ISP.
B) ​pardons of leave.
C) ​tickets of leave.
D) ​responsibility vouchers.

Question 19

The temporary release of an inmate from a correctional institution for a visit home is called​

A) ​a pardon.
B) ​clemency.
C) ​a furlough.
D) ​a halfway visit.

Question 20

What is another (politically sensitive)term used for "other conditional release"?​

A) ​Mandatory parole
B) ​Mandatory release
C) ​Discretionary release
D) ​Discretionary parole

Question 21

If a parolee violates the conditions of his or her parole,parole may be ____________________.

Question 22

What are the "invisible punishments" offenders are subjected to after release from incarceration?​

A) ​Difficulties finding a job
B) ​Denial of government assistance
C) ​Inability to get married
D) ​Both difficulties finding a job and denial of government assistance

Question 23

Civil disabilities might include the inability to​

A) ​vote.
B) ​use the public library.
C) ​have children.
D) ​drive.

Question 24

The temporary release of an inmate for a visit home is called a(n)____________________.

Question 25

The daytime release of inmates to go to work or school is called ____________________.

Question 26

Based on information contained in your text's companion website,in Japan,decisions to release offenders from prison and place them under supervision in the community are made by ____________________ parole boards.

Question 27

What is one explanation for the high recidivism rate among those offenders released from incarceration?

A) ​Their increased age makes them more likely to commit crimes.
B) ​Their low intelligence makes them more likely to commit crimes.
C) ​A lack of proper nutrition makes them more likely to commit crimes.
D) ​A lack of education and training makes them more likely to commit crimes.

Question 28

________ courts have been suggested as a method of assessing ex-inmates' adjustment back into society:​

A) ​Recidivism
B) ​Parole
C) ​Reentry
D) ​Release

Question 29

Parolees who are behaving according to their conditions of release may be adjusted to _________ surveillance.

A) ​rescinded
B) ​reattributed
C) ​readjustment
D) ​restorative

Question 30

An action of the executive branch of the state or federal government excusing an offense and absolving the offender is called​

A) ​mandatory release.
B) ​a furlough.
C) ​a pardon.
D) ​parole.

Question 31

____________________ release is when an inmate has served time equal to the total minus any "good time."​

Question 32

Who grants pardons in the United States?​

A) ​Congress and state legislatures
B) ​Presidents and state governors
C) ​the U.S. Supreme Court and state supreme courts
D) ​the Attorney General and state attorney generals

Question 33

Restrictions on parolees' conduct that are legally binding conditions are called ____________________.

Question 34

Which of the following is not an example of a civil disability that can be placed on an ex-felon?​

A) ​Restrictions in terms of employment
B) ​Denial of the right to vote
C) ​Denial of the right to hold public office
D) ​Forfeiture of all constitutional rights

Question 35

A parolee's principal contact with the criminal justice system is through the ____________________.

Question 36

The release of an inmate from prison to conditional supervision is referred to as ____________________.

Question 37

The continuing difficulties faced by former inmates are sometimes referred to as ____________________ punishments.

Question 38

Prisoners who are released from prison after serving the maximum sentence and cannot be returned will receive a(n)____________________.

Question 39

Based on information contained in your text's companion website ,parole conditions in Japan are set partly by law and partly by ____________________.

Question 40

When an offender is released from prison,he or she is still the government's responsibility.This concept of parole is called ____________________.

Question 41

In-custody visitation allows inmates to leave prison temporarily to visit family.

Question 42

Discretionary release affects other aspects of the system,including sentencing,plea bargaining,and the size of prison populations.

Question 43

When offenders are absolved from the consequences of their crimes by executive order,they have received ____________________.

Question 44

Increasing restrictions on parolees also affects their families and communities.

Question 45

With the punitive nature of the criminal justice system,release on parole has become much easier for inmates to obtain.

Question 46

Although parole officers must sometimes act in the role of a "cop," they do not have the power to enforce conditions of release.

Question 47

All halfway houses are operated by state administrative agencies.

Question 48

Media coverage of parole and parolees tends to be sympathetic and understanding.

Question 49

Discretionary release is sometimes criticized for following judicial recommendations too closely.

Question 50

Some states allow victims to make statements at parole board hearings.

Question 51

In some communities,individuals on the sex offender registry have committed very low-level offenses.

Question 52

A parolee can be prevented from working as a bartender by a parole officer.

Question 53

____________________ courts may help offenders reintegrate into the community.

Question 54

The most commonly used type of release from incarceration is mandatory release.

Question 55

Most offenders released on parole begin to adjust quickly to the outside world.

Question 56

The percentage of incarcerated drug offenders has increased significantly in the past 20 years.

Question 57

In Japan,the justice system focuses solely on the offender and not on the community.

Question 58

Legal restrictions on ex-offenders (such as the inability to vote)are referred to as ____________________.

Question 59

Most parole officers have little difficulty in monitoring the behavior of parolees.

Question 60

Community members do not have any responsibility for ex-offenders released into their neighborhoods.

Question 61

One way that offenders avoid the consequences of civil disabilities is through _______,a process through which an individual's criminal records are erased from public records.

A) ​pardon
B) ​clemency
C) ​forgiveness
D) ​expungement

Question 62

Pardons are sometimes given to remedy a miscarriage of justice.

Question 63

If a parole officer finds that a parolee has committed a technical violation,he or she can revoke parole without a hearing.

Question 64

_______ later became known as the "royal prerogative of mercy" in England.

A) ​Pardon
B) ​Expungement
C) ​Clemency
D) ​Forgiveness

Question 65

A system of conditional release from prison,devised by Captain Alexander Maconochie and first developed in Ireland by Sir Walter Crofton,was known as​

A) ​probation.
B) ​home confinement.
C) ​ticket of leave.
D) ​reformatory.

Question 66

What are the pros and cons of GPS tracking of parolees?​

Question 67

The Second Chance Act,signed into law by George W.Bush,authorizes states to punish parole offenders more harshly.

Question 68

Most people believe that parolees who fail a drug test should be sent back to prison.

Question 69

Many parolees "max out" on time and cannot be held any longer,regardless of how the parole board feels about the inmate.

Question 70

Parole decisions can be made arbitrarily,depending on the whims of the parole board.

Question 71

How has public opinion affected the release of offenders back into the community? Have these changes helped offenders to reduce recidivism?​

Question 72

The authors of your textbook have noted that increasingly large percentages of inmates have committed drug crimes.Why do you think this has occurred,and what affect might it have on reentry issues?​

Question 73

Civil disabilities imposed on ex-felons can hinder their complete reintegration into society.

Question 74

Parole rests on three concepts; which of the following is not one of the concepts?​

A) ​Grace
B) ​Contract
C) ​Custody
D) ​Punishment

Question 75

A pardon will not erase the criminal record of an offender.

Question 76

State _________ are typically composed of citizens who are appointed for fixed terms in office by the governor.

A) ​prisons
B) ​halfway houses
C) ​parole boards
D) ​probation boards

Question 77

This Chapter began by discussing the changes in parole since the 1970s.It is very difficult for offenders to be released when they are judged "ready" for release and job training and education programs have been severely curtailed.In your opinion,what might explain this trend? What are the greater social effects of these policies?​

Question 78

How can a state successfully prepare for inmate integration into the community?​

Question 79

Discuss two issues regarding how budget cuts increase the use of parole in some jurisdictions.

Question 80

Given that there are permanent restrictions on ex-offenders (inability to vote,collect government support,etc.),can we ever really say that offenders have "paid their debt" to society? If these offenders feel they will be punished forever,what incentive do they have to remain crime-free?​