Deck 14: Modernism in Europe and America

Question 1

The artist _____ made animals the subject of much of his art.

A)Wifredo Lam
B)Giorgio de Chirico
C)René Magritte
D)Franz Marc

Answer 1

D

Question 2

The first phase of Cubism is called _____.

A)Futurist Cubism
B)Collage Cubism
C)Analytic Cubism
D)Synthetic Cubism

Answer 2

C

Question 3

In which work did Picasso introduce a new manner of representing form in space?

A)Les Desmoiselles d'Avignon
B)Guernica
C)Unique Forms of Continuity in Space
D)The City

Answer 3

A

Question 4

_____ is the questioning of norms and conventions in art.

A)Automatism
B)Futurism
C)Avant-garde
D)Regionalism

Question 5

_____ was the movement that championed war as an agent to rid society of its past and traditions.

A)Futurism
B)Fauvism
C)Die Brücke
D)Suprematism

Question 6

Championed by Duchamp _____ were mass-produced objects selected by the artist.

A)readymades
B)photomontages
C)automatisms
D)collages

Question 7

Cubism dismissed the centuries-old Western belief that art had to _____.

A)express emotions
B)describe reality
C)explore abstract form
D)use innovative materials

Question 8

The striated faces of some of the female figures in Les Desmoiselles d'Avignon were influenced by _____.

A)Roman portrait busts
B)African art
C)Fauvism
D)Byzantine icons

Question 9

Artists of _____ critiqued the negative aspects of German society at the beginning of the 20th century.

A)Fauvism
B)Die Brücke
C)Surrealism
D)Regionalism

Question 10

Picasso and Braques used the innovative elements of Picasso's Les Desmoiselles d'Avignon to create _____ in 1908.

A)Futurism
B)Purism
C)Fauvism
D)Cubism

Question 11

In the employment of bright colors for expressive ends, _____ was influenced by Van Gogh and Gauguin.

A)Biomorphic Surrealism
B)Regionalism
C)Analytic Cubism
D)Fauvism

Question 12

Berlin Dada artists created a variation on collage called _____.

A)readymades
B)Neoplasticism
C)photomontage
D)metaphysical painting

Question 13

The Purists thought that _____ should influence artistic design.

A)nature
B)machines
C)dreams
D)animals

Question 14

_____ dominated the palette of Analytic Cubist paintings.

A)Subdued hues
B)Expressive colors
C)Contrasting colors
D)Naturalistic colors

Question 15

The first group of German Expressionist artists called themselves _____.

A)Die Brücke
B)Neue Sachlichkeit
C)De Stijl
D)Suprematism

Question 16

Jean Arp's Collage Arranged According to the Laws of Chance exhibits the Dada interest in _____.

A)representational subjects
B)symmetry of forms
C)traditional painting techniques
D)chance

Question 17

_____ artists believe that reason had led to destruction caused by World War I.

A)Regionalist
B)Fauvist
C)Futurist
D)Dada

Question 18

In Franz Marc's Fate of the Animals , the colors that he associated with _____ dominate the painting.

A)brutality and severity
B)cheerfulness
C)spirituality and the male principle
D)religion

Question 19

Although Dada artists did not share a particular style, they generally embraced _____.

A)the use of traditional media
B)the element of absurdity
C)easily comprehensible subjects
D)medieval craft techniques

Question 20

Kandinsky and Marc named their Expressionist movement _____ because of their interest in the color blue and horses.

A)Suprematism
B)De Stijl
C)Der Blaue Reiter
D)Futurism

Question 21

Edward Hopper's Nighthawks communicates the _____.

A)pervasive loneliness of modern humans
B)seediness of city life
C)energetic rhythm of city life
D)excitement of Broadway

Question 22

The German movement known as _____ aimed to present an objective image of the world.

A)Neoplasticism
B)Suprematism
C)Neue Sachlichkeit
D)Bauhaus

Question 23

_____ promoted the avant-garde in the United States in his Gallery 291.

A)Tommaso Marinetti
B)Alfred Stieglitz
C)André Breton
D)Edward Hopper

Question 24

______ photographed the rural poor who were displaced by the Great Depression in the 1930s.

A)Alfred Stieglitz
B)Edward Weston
C)Dorothea Lange
D)Gertrude Kasebier

Question 25

The Russian artist _____ developed a purely abstract style called Suprematism.

A)Vassily Kandinsky
B)Kazimir Malevich
C)Alfred Stieglitz
D)Piet Mondrian

Question 26

_____ artists reduced the formal elements to simple geometric shapes.

A)Der Blaue Reiter
B)Fauvist
C)Futurist
D)De Stijl

Question 27

Artists of the _____ created art that celebrated the cultural history of African Americans.

A)Armory Show
B)Regionalist movement
C)Works Progress Administration
D)Harlem Renaissance

Question 28

Max Beckmann's painting Night was autobiographical because he _____.

A)included himself and his family in the work
B)committed atrocities while in the military service
C)was afraid of the dark
D)represented his fantasies

Question 29

Surrealists wanted to capture the _____ in art.

A)universal
B)natural world
C)essence of objects
D)dream world

Question 30

Brancusi's chief aim in his sculpture was to capture the _____ of his subject.

A)essence
B)factual appearance
C)movement
D)different viewpoints

Question 31

____ created a new kind of sculpture by hanging abstract colored forms on wire.

A)Henry Moore
B)Constantin Brancusi
C)Alexander Calder
D)Pablo Picasso

Question 32

_____ is the type of Surrealism that consists largely of abstract shapes.

A)Biomorphic Surrealism
B)Naturalistic Surrealism
C)Metaphysical painting
D)Automatism

Question 33

The _____ is identified as the event that brought modern art to the United States.

A)opening of Gallery 291
B)Works Progress Administration
C)Armory Show
D)World War I

Question 34

_____ was the founder of Bauhaus.

A)Walter Gropius
B)Le Corbusier
C)Frank Lloyd Wright
D)Aaron Doughlas

Question 35

_____ was the precursor to Surrealism.

A)Cubism
B)Regionalism
C)Metaphysical painting
D)De Stijl

Question 36

Aaron Douglas embraced the aims of the Harlem Renaissance by incorporating motifs from _____ in his art.

A)African sculpture
B)ancient Greek pottery
C)Italian Renaissance masters
D)Rembrandt

Question 37

Embraced by the artist Mìro, _____ was the creation of art without conscious control.

A)photomontage
B)automatism
C)collage
D)Bauhaus

Question 38

Which of the following artists developed the theory of Neoplasticism, or the new pure plastic art?

A)Picasso
B)De Chirico
C)Mondrian
D)Marc

Question 39

_____ became famous for her photographs of the triumphs of 20th-century engineering.

A)Käthe Kollwitz
B)Dorothea Lange
C)Margaret Oppenheimer
D)Margaret Bourke-White

Question 40

Barbara Hepworth's major contribution to the history of sculpture was the use of _____.

A)found materials
B)the void
C)collage
D)the readymade

Question 41

What did the incorporation of lettering achieve in Cubist paintings?

Question 42

Color was an important component for many artists and artistic movements. Providing examples, describe the role of color in the modernist movements in this chapter.

Question 43

Identify and describe the two types of Surrealism that developed.

Question 44

Discuss the role of chance in Dada art.

Question 45

Which aspects of Sigmund Freud did Dada artists share?

Question 46

Examine the aims of Cubism. Please consider the different phases.

Question 47

What feelings or ideas did the artist Franz Marc associate with certain colors?

Question 48

On what event did Picasso base Guernica ?

Question 49

What were the artistic aims of Synthetic Cubism?

Question 50

Describe the basic assumptions of the Futurist movement.

Question 51

Why did Kasimir Malevich champion nonobjective art?

Question 52

What was the artistic focus of Regionalist artists?

Question 53

Describe Alfred Stieglitz's approach to photography.

Question 54

How was the Armory Show received?

Question 55

Describe the method of training that Walter Gropius developed for Bauhaus artists.

Question 56

Why did Franz Marc choose animals as the subject of his art?

Question 57

Which of the following is an example of Synthetic Cubism?

A)The Dance
B)Nude Descending a Staircase
C)Les Demoiselles d'Avignon
D)Still Life with Chair-Caning

Question 58

Which characteristics contributed to the "expressiveness" of German Expressionist art?

Question 59

Which Dada approaches to art did the Surrealists borrow?

Question 60

How did the government help support artists in the wake of the Great Depression?

Question 61

Discuss the relationship of Le Corbusier's Villa Savoye to Frank Lloyd Wright's Kaufmann House (Fallingwater). How did the architects marry the shape, volume, and space of each house to its environment? How do these structures represent each architect and his philosophy?

Question 62

Compare the work of Jacob Lawrence and Edward Hopper. How did each artist respond to his period? What artistic devices did each artist use to create the emotion of his work? What was the sociopolitical context each artist addressed in his work? Use examples to support your essay.

Question 63

Which artists helped establish photography as a valid artistic medium? Describe their different approaches to the photographic medium.

Question 64

Picasso said, "Painting is not made to decorate apartments. It is an instrument for offensive and defensive war against the enemy." Explain the relationship of art and politics between 1900 and 1945. Use examples to support your essay.

Question 65

Examine the importance of abstraction for different artists or movements. Using examples, explain how abstraction fulfilled the artistic aims of numerous artists.

Question 66

Many of the movements discussed in this chapter were motivated by a specific political or social agenda. Please identify those movements and explore how the art reflected the political or social agenda that inspired them.

Question 67

Citing examples, describe how artists addressed issues of race or ethnicity in their art.  Despite the growing interest in abstraction, several artists' styles were still firmly rooted in naturalism. Providing examples, identify the artists who continued to paint naturalistically, and then describe the hallmarks of their brand of naturalism.

Question 68

Attribute the images on the screen to a culture and give an approximate date. Give the reasons for your attributions, using complete sentences and referring to specific works discussed in class.

Question 69

Providing examples, explore the common ideas and stylistic qualities present in Cubism, Futurism, and Purism. How did they differ?

Question 70

Providing examples, examine how Modernist artists explored unconventional artistic media and techniques.