Deck 12: Romanticism, Realism, and Photography

Question 1

In the wake of the French Revolution, _____ seized power in France.

A)Charles X
B)King George IV
C)Napoleon
D)Ferdinand VII

Answer 1

C

Question 2

After having numerous works rejected by the 1855 Salon, Gustave Courbet set up his own exhibition called _____.

A)the Crystal Palace
B)Pavilion of Realism
C)Déjeuner sur l'Herbe
D)the Barbizon School

Answer 2

B

Question 3

The European curiosity about non-Western cultures is called _____.

A)the sublime
B)the Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood
C)Orientalism
D)Realism

Answer 3

C

Question 4

The only valid subjects in Realism were _____.

A)what could be seen
B)mythological scenes
C)religious stories
D)allegories

Question 5

Society's increasing emphasis on science in the 19th century led to the emergence of _____.

A)Romanticism
B)Indian Gothic
C)Orientalism
D)Realism

Question 6

The artist Caspar David Friedrich believed that closeness with nature would lead to _____.

A)mental illness
B)a better understanding of God
C)greater artistic talent
D)better survival skills

Question 7

Romanticism was indebted to the ideas of _____.

A)Jean-Jacques Rousseau
B)Newton and Locke
C)empiricists
D)John Everett Millais

Question 8

Goya's Third of May, 1808 represents _____.

A)the peasant revolt
B)an allegory of the French Revolution
C)the American Civil War
D)the French suppression of a Spanish revolt

Question 9

_____ was Napoleon's favorite sculptor.

A)Antonio Canova
B)Edmonia Lewis
C)John Nash
D)Charles Barry

Question 10

With his ambitions to rival ancient Rome, Napoleon embraced the _____ style.

A)Barbizon
B)Realist
C)mystical
D)Neoclassical

Question 11

What is Edmund Burke's definition of the sublime?

A)Heroic action
B)Sentimentality
C)Awe mixed with terror
D)Courage and kindness

Question 12

In America _____ specialized in landscape painting.

A)the Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood
B)the Barbizon School
C)the Hudson River School
D)positivism

Question 13

Géricault criticized the rigidity of the Neocalssical style and instead injected _____ into his artwork.

A)strong contour lines
B)drama and emotion
C)symmetrical compositions
D)abstract forms

Question 14

In the landscapes of the British artist John Constable, _____.

A)nature and landscape become one
B)the emotive power of color takes over
C)color is reduced to only a few values
D)figures play a prominent role

Question 15

In his Napoleon Visiting the Plague-Stricken in Jaffa , Gros borrowed the arcaded backdrop from _____.

A)Delacroix's Liberty Leading the People
B)David's Oath of the Horatii
C)Ingre's Grande Odalisque
D)Courbet's The Stone Breakers

Question 16

_____ left the studio of his teacher, David, claiming to have a truer Greek style.

A)Eugène Delacroix
B)Gustave Courbet
C)Antoine-Jean Gros
D)Jean-Auguste-Dominique Ingres

Question 17

Romantic artists advocated for freedom and placed _____ over reason.

A)artistic skill
B)imagination
C)common subjects
D)religious belief

Question 18

The Realist artist ____ was a defender of the urban working class.

A)Jean-Francois Millet
B)Rosa Bonheur
C)Honoré Daumier
D)Eugène Delacroix

Question 19

In the 19th century, Neoclassicism gave way to a new movement called _____.

A)Romanticism
B)the Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood
C)academic art
D)the Hudson River School

Question 20

The _____ were French artists who specialized in scenes of the forest and countryside.

A)Hudson River School
B)Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood
C)Barbizon school
D)Neoclassicists

Question 21

How did Corbet convey the dreary and dismal nature of menial labor in mid-19th-century France?

A)Palette of dirty browns and grays
B)Soft pastels for the stones
C)Strong, diagonal line
D)Bright color to highlight the labor

Question 22

Among the shocking aspects for critics and viewers of Monet's Olympia was _____.

A)her defiant gaze
B)the domestic space
C)her cat
D)the unnatural color scheme

Question 23

Which aspects of Napoleon Visiting the Plague-Stricken in Jaffa reflect Orientalism?

Question 24

The term _____ is used to describe the fantastic exterior of the Royal Pavilion with its domes and minarets.

A)Neo-Gothic
B)Neoclassical
C)prefabricated
D)Indian Gothic

Question 25

Describe the dialogue that exists in the realm of painting at the beginning of the 19th century.

Question 26

How does Delacroix exemplify Romantic colorist painting?

Question 27

What is lithography?

Question 28

Why was Edmonia Lewis's background unusual among artists?

Question 29

Eakins's The Gross Clinic was rejected by critics for being too _____.

A)big
B)French
C)intellectual
D)brutal

Question 30

The _____ was the English movement that refused to be tied to Realist subjects.

A)Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood
B)Hudson River School
C)Barbizon School
D)sublime

Question 31

_____ was one of the founders of the Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood.

A)Thomas Eakins
B)John Everett Millais
C)Thomas Cole
D)Charles Barry

Question 32

What concept did the philosopher Edmund Burke explore, and how was it significant to Romantic artists?

Question 33

Which stylistic features of Ingres emulated Greek art?

Question 34

What are the main premises of Realism, and how were they put forth by Gustave Courbet?

Question 35

Describe Gustave Courbet's painting technique.

Question 36

After a fire, the Houses of Parliament were rebuilt in _____ style.

A)a Baroque
B)a Greek
C)a Neo-Gothic
D)an Indian Gothic

Question 37

Daumier contributed to the liberal journal Caricature , which ridiculed _____.

A)the Catholic Church
B)Realists
C)artists
D)French bourgeoisie

Question 38

Timothy O'Sullivan documented which of the following wars?

A)American Civil War
B)War of Spanish Succession
C)Crimean War
D)Boer War

Question 39

What was the Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood? Which artistic principles did they embrace?

Question 40

What was Constable's unique contribution to landscape painting?

Question 41

Describe how artists developed new approaches to color and to technique. Providing examples, explain their artistic aims and how they challenged traditional painting.

Question 42

Describe the differences between Romantic and Neoclassical artists. Providing examples, please consider influences, subjects, technique, and formal qualities.

Question 43

Several artists in the 19th century used current events as their subjects. Providing examples, please describe why certain subjects were chosen and how the artists represented them.

Question 44

Attribute the images on the screen to a culture and give an approximate date. Give the reasons for your attributions, using complete sentences and referring to specific works discussed in class.

Question 45

Describe the factors that encouraged the emergence of Realism as a movement. Providing examples, describe subjects and techniques that conform to Realist principles.

Question 46

What meaning did the Middle Ages hold for artists and architects such as Pugin?

Question 47

Citing examples, describe the different approaches to the styles and techniques of architecture encountered in the 19th century.

Question 48

Why did landscape painting become such a significant subject in the Romantic movement? Describe the different approaches to landscape at the time and the general qualities of Romantic landscapes.