Deck 13: Gothic Europe

Question 1

In the Gothic period, the focus of intellectual and religious life shifted from monasteries to ____.

A)cities
B)pilgrimage routes
C)palaces
D)the countryside

Answer 1

A

Question 2

The sculptural program of the west facade of Chartres Cathedral proclaims the power and majesty of Jesus Christ. Which of the following elements unites all three doorways of the west portal of Chartres Cathedral?

A)The episodes from the life of the Virgin are carved on the capitals.
B)The episodes from the Old Testament are carved on the capitals.
C)The episodes from the Passion are carved on the capitals.
D)The episodes from the lives of the Virgin and Christ are carved on the capitals.

Answer 2

D

Question 3

Visible on Laon Cathedral, ____ became a standard feature of French Gothic facades.

A)fan vaulting
B)the Perpendicular style
C)a rose window
D)rounded arches

Answer 3

C

Question 4

What pose developed by the "court style" was typical of Late Gothic sculpture?

A)Contrapposto
B)Rigidly frontal
C)Equestrian form
D)S-shaped curve

Question 5

The Gothic style is said to have first appeared in which of the following areas?

A)Lombardy
B)Ile de France
C)Milan
D)Burgundy

Question 6

In Jean Pucelle's Belleville Breviary , innovative features such as the three-dimensional architectural setting indicate a visit to ____.

A)the Mosan region of Germany
B)England
C)Italy
D)Bruges

Question 7

Who of the following coined the term Gothic ?

A)Giorgio Vasari
B)Lorenzo Ghiberti
C)Abbot Suger
D)Louis IX

Question 8

Who may have conceived the complicated iconographical portal program for Chartres Cathedral?

A)Abbot Suger
B)Thierry of Chartres
C)Saint Bernard of Clairvaux
D)Saint Thomas Aquinas

Question 9

Which of the following is considered a masterpiece of the Rayonnant style?

A)Reims Cathedral
B)Sainte-Chapelle
C)Saint-Denis
D)Amiens Cathedral

Question 10

Jean Pucelle illuminated which of the following?

A)Breviary of Philippe le Bel
B)Blanche of Castile Bible
C)Belleville Breviary
D)Psalter of Saint Louis

Question 11

In the Virgin of Jeanne d'Evreux , Mary is shown not only as the mother of Christ, but also as ____.

A)queen of Heaven
B)virgin of sorrows
C)throne of wisdom
D)Theotokos

Question 12

Abbot Suger is credited with creating which of the following churches?

A)Saint-Sernin
B)Saint-Denis
C)Saint-Chapelle
D)Notre-Dame, Paris

Question 13

The tympanum from the right portal of Chartres depicts the Virgin and Child, which hearkens back to the Romanesque portrayals of this theme as the Throne of Wisdom. Which of the following is the source for this depiction?

A)Byzantine Theotokos
B)Early Christian Madonna and Child
C)Carolingian Virgin and Child
D)Hiberno-Saxon Madonna and Child

Question 14

Indicate which of the following is not a characterization of the changing social conditions in the Gothic period.

A)New importance of women
B)Rise of the middle class
C)Interest in Scholasticism
D)Barbarian migrations

Question 15

Fan vaulting was most common in which of the following?

A)13th-century Germany
B)Early Gothic France
C)High Gothic France
D)Late Gothic England

Question 16

The 14th-century German sculptures of Ekkehard and Uta at Naumburg are particularly significant because these sculptures conveyed ____.

A)the S-shaped curve
B)the damp-fold style of drapery
C)convincing images of real people
D)the Virtues

Question 17

Which of the following figures provides the most direct contrast with the Naumburg figures?

A)Röttgen Pietà
B)Bamberg Rider
C)Virgin of Jeanne d'Evreux
D)Death of the Virgin from Strasbourg Cathedral

Question 18

The portal sculptural program for Chartres Cathedral is distinctly different from its Romanesque counterparts. Which of the following accounts for this distinction?

A)The exclusion of scenes from the Passion
B)The inclusion of the Old Testament kings
C)The prominence of Mary in the portal program
D)The inclusion of scenes from the life of Christ

Question 19

Paris claimed to be the intellectual center of Gothic Europe. Its university faculty and the reputations of its masons supported this claim. Which of the following also provided support for this claim?

A)It was a center for fine book production.
B)It established the first printing press.
C)It was a center for classical study.
D)It was the principal center of commerce for Europe.

Question 20

Speyer Cathedral was considered the burial church of the emperors of the Holy Roman Empire. Which of the following churches was the burial church for the kings of France?

A)Notre-Dame, Paris
B)Notre-Dame, Reims
C)Saint-Denis
D)Sainte-Chapelle

Question 21

What is a distinctive feature of a hall church?

A)The pilgrimage niches
B)Side aisles as tall as the nave
C)Connected to monasteries
D)Contained a profusion of relics

Question 22

Introduced in French Gothic architecture at Notre Dame in Paris, ____ is an external support that counters the outward thrust of the nave vaults.

A)timber ceiling
B)apsidal chapel
C)flying buttresses
D)westwork

Question 23

Sainte-Chapelle , with its walls of stained glass and delicate ornamentation, is the most representative church of the ____ style.

A)pilgrimage style
B)hall church
C)Rayonnant
D)expressionistic

Question 24

Images of Old Testament kings and queens on French portals represent the ____.

A)French crusaders
B)French aristocracy
C)wisdom of elders
D)ancestors of Christ

Question 25

How did the cult of the Virgin impact Gothic society?

Question 26

The royal portal of Chartres was carved in which style?

A)Late Romanesque
B)Early Gothic
C)High Gothic
D)Late Gothic

Question 27

How does the house of Jacques Coeur reflect Late Gothic domestic architecture?

Question 28

Many Gothic cathedrals were dedicated to which of the following?

A)The Virgin Mary (Notre-Dame)
B)The Holy Spirit
C)The Trinity
D)Christ the Judge

Question 29

The development of the Rayonnant style is connected with which of the following?

A)The court of Louis IX
B)Abbot Suger of Saint-Denis
C)Order of Bernard of Clairvaux
D)The Second Crusade

Question 30

How is Mary characterized in the Virgin of Jeanne d'Evreux ?

Question 31

Laon Cathedral retains many of its Romanesque features. Which of the following is one such feature?

A)Pointed arches
B)Sexpartite rib vaults
C)Triforium
D)Flying buttress

Question 32

A new Gothic feature that appeared in Laon's nave elevation is the ____.

A)rounded nave arcade
B)triforium
C)gallery of the kings
D)guild windows

Question 33

The High Gothic nave bay, as developed at Chartres, had a ____.

A)dome
B)four-part (quadripartite)ribbed vault
C)barrel vault
D)perpendicular

Question 34

How does the Cloth Guild Hall of Bruges reflect economic power?

Question 35

Which of these churches embodies the essential characteristics of English Gothic architecture?

A)Wells Cathedral
B)Ely Cathedral
C)Salisbury Cathedral
D)York Cathedral

Question 36

How does the Reims portal sculpture of the Visitation differ from earlier Gothic portal sculpture?

A)The figures are attached to the architectural background.
B)The columns do not restrain the figures' movements.
C)The figures are isolated in their frames.
D)This is the first time women appear on portal sculpture.

Question 37

Who was Saint Dionysius (Denis)?

Question 38

The intense color and elegance of the Psalter of Saint Louis imitates ____.

A)stained glass
B)Byzantine mosaics
C)Italian fresco
D)early Christian manuscripts

Question 39

What is a keep?

Question 40

Perpendicular style was popular in which of the following countries?

A)England
B)Spain
C)France
D)Italy

Question 41

What is a triforium, and what was its purpose?

Question 42

Describe the architectural differences between French Gothic cathedrals and English Gothic cathedrals. Include specific examples to support your essay.

Question 43

Describe the interplay of Classical influence, refinement, and realism in Gothic sculpture during the 13th and 14th centuries. Use examples to support your essay.

Question 44

How does the statue of Virgin of Jeanne d'Evreux symbolize the Gothic period in subject and style?

Question 45

Briefly describe the characteristics of the Flamboyant style.

Question 46

What is the significance of geometry in the work of Villard de Honnecourt?

Question 47

Contrast Chartres Cathedral and Salisbury Cathedral. How does each cathedral reflect its regional style? What elements are similar? What elements are different, and why?

Question 48

How did contemporary theologians characterize the importance of stained glass?

Question 49

Contrast the differences between Early Gothic and High Gothic architecture in France using specific buildings to illustrate your discussion.

Question 50

Explain the role of light in Gothic architecture both from the symbolic and from the structural point of view. Use examples to support your essay.

Question 51

What is generally believed to have been the purpose of the sculptural programs of the portals of the great Gothic cathedrals? How did these programs differ from the sculptural programs of Romanesque portals? Use examples to support your essay.

Question 52

How was stained glass used in a new way in the Gothic era?

Question 53

How does English Gothic architecture differ from the German model? Illustrate your discussion with specific examples.

Question 54

How did the stories of courtly love influence the luxury arts? Use specific examples to support your essay.

Question 55

What are the statues on the jambs of the royal portal at Chartres thought to represent?

Question 56

Who was Blanche of Castile?

Question 57

Briefly describe the Perpendicular Gothic style. In what country was it most popular?

Question 58

How do the Strasbourg tympanum and statues of Ekkehard and Uta from Naumburg Cathedral differ yet still reflect the Gothic style?

Question 59

What Gothic cathedral was finished in the 19th century according to the original 13th-century plans?

Question 60

How do the sculptures on the south transept portal of Chartres Cathedral reflect the High Gothic style?

Question 61

Describe the effect of "court style" on manuscript illumination. Use examples to support your essay.