Deck 5: Social Interaction and Impression Management: With Emphasis on Relationships in a Digital Age

Question 1

A _______________ is the array of roles associated with a given social status.

A)role strain
B)role set
C)role expectation
D)status stet

Answer 1

B

Question 2

Aaron is a 19-year old male, a football player, a college student, a brother, a son, a boyfriend and a mountain climber. This statement is describing Aaron's

A)ascribed statuses.
B)achieved statuses.
C)status set.
D)role strains.

Answer 2

C

Question 3

A(n)_________________ is behavior expected of a status in relation to another social status.

A)attribution
B)role
C)obligation
D)right

Answer 3

B

Question 4

____________ is the sociologist associated with the dramaturgical model of social interaction.

A)Erving Goffman
B)Emile Durkheim
C)Randy Shilts
D)Neil Postman

Question 5

When patients do not give honest answers to questions their physicians ask, and they do not comply with treatment plans, they have

A)failed to meet role expectations.
B)experienced role strain.
C)no right to demand physician attention.
D)achieved role conflict.

Question 6

On the first day of class, Professor Smith always wears a tie to convey that he is serious about his job. On the other hand, he gives out his home number as a way of letting students know that he is approachable. Professor Smith is engaged in

A)backstage behavior.
B)impression management.
C)role strain.
D)role conflict.

Question 7

Role _____________ is a predicament in which the roles associated with two or more distinct statuses conflict in some way.

A)conflict
B)reversal
C)enactment
D)strain

Question 8

Role ______________ is a predicament in which contradictory or conflicting expectations are associated with a single status.

A)conflict
B)reversal
C)enactment
D)strain

Question 9

Sometimes one status in a status set is so important to a person's social identity, it overshadows all other statuses a person occupies. That "so important" status is known as a(n)__________ status.

A)achieved
B)ascribed
C)master
D)premier

Question 10

Ascribed statuses result from

A)chance.
B)effort.
C)ability.
D)choice.

Question 11

The ___________ model views social interaction as though it is taking place in a theater.

A)dramaturgical
B)historical
C)cultural strain
D)division of labor

Question 12

As a patient, Shelby has an obligation to follow her doctor's treatment plan. However, her prescribed drug makes her feel very drowsy, preventing her from carrying out her role as a mother. Shelby feels she is not alert enough to properly care for her daughter. Shelby is experiencing

A)role strain.
B)status inconsistency.
C)a role set.
D)role conflict.

Question 13

Professor Smith cancels class for personal reasons at least twice a semester, shows up to class late almost every day and is often unprepared. From a sociological perspective, Professor Smith has

A)failed to meet role expectations.
B)experienced role strain.
C)no right to demand student participation.
D)achieved role conflict.

Question 14

Joel Goddard is a laid-off Ford worker, a male, a father, an unemployed individual, and a husband. This sentence describes Goddard's

A)achieved statuses.
B)ascribed statuses.
C)status set.
D)social structure.

Question 15

__________ groups include the family, military units, cliques, and peer groups.

A)Primary
B)Secondary
C)Social
D)Active

Question 16

Achieved statuses result from

A)chance.
B)luck.
C)fate.
D)ability.

Question 17

Jillian is a weight lifter, a swimmer, a college student, and a sister. She is also a person with Down syndrome. When people describe her, they find it difficult to see beyond her Down syndrome. In this situation, Down syndrome has become Jillian's

A)primary status.
B)medical diagnosis.
C)role.
D)master status.

Question 18

__________ is a largely invisible system that coordinates human interaction in broadly predictable ways.

A)A role set
B)Impression management
C)Social structure
D)Social behavior

Question 19

In the backstage, people

A)are on their best behavior.
B)"let their hair down."
C)behave appropriately.
D)follow the "rules."

Question 20

The distinction between role and status is subtle: people __________ statuses and _____________ roles.

A)hold; perform
B)enact; occupy
C)choose; take on
D)take on; choose

Question 21

People who undergo sex transformation surgery, lighten their skin to appear to be another race, or hire a plastic surgeon to create a younger appearance remind us that

A)just about anything can be an ascribed status.
B)the distinction between ascribed and achieved statuses is not clear cut.
C)people usually occupy more than one status.
D)role and status are related concepts.

Question 22

About 270,000 American students study abroad each year. Most, if not all engage in ________________ by keeping in touch with family and friends in the U.S. while negotiating a life in the host country.

A)role strain
B)role conflict
C)transnational relationships
D)secondary groups

Question 23

Men account for 89 percent of all video game designers and for 97 percent of all video game programmers. What does this statement suggest about ascribed and achieved statuses?

A)Sometimes ascribed statuses overshadow achieved statuses.
B)Male is a master status.
C)Ascribed characteristics can play a role in the statuses people achieve.
D)Ascribed statuses have no bearing on statuses achieved.

Question 24

Which one of the following qualifies as a transnational relationship?

A)students helping people in the community that surrounds their school
B)recent immigrants who broke all ties with a home country
C)online dating service subscribers looking to form romantic relationships with someone in another country
D)subscribers to a newspaper that covers international news

Question 25

When searching for a romantic partner on-line, Jillian will only review profiles of men from a specific country. In this example, _______________ is the master status.

A)gender
B)age
C)nationality
D)romantic partner

Question 26

Once the flashlight, the pay phone, and the candle became __________________ they were much less likely to be criticized as problematic.

A)internalized
B)socialized
C)institutionalized
D)marginalized

Question 27

___________ can play a role in determining ___________, as when women "choose" to enter a female-dominated career such as elementary school teacher, or when men "choose" to enter a male-dominated career such as car repair technician.

A)An ascribed status; an achieved status
B)An achieved status; an ascribed status
C)Master statuses; ascribed statuses
D)Primary groups; social statuses

Question 28

The __________ is the region visible to an "audience."

A)backstage
B)frontstage
C)middle stage
D)off stage

Question 29

Which one of the following is an incorrect statement about social structures?

A)Social structures are highly visible systems that coordinate human activities.
B)Sociologists study social structures that can involve as few as two people.
C)Social structures encompass statuses, roles, groups, and institutions.
D)Social structures shape opportunities to connect to others.

Question 30

Institution is a very broad concept that can apply to all but which one of the following?

A)established norms and rituals about dating
B)established holidays
C)a new technology that has yet to become widely adopted
D)study abroad programs for college students

Question 31

A ____________ underlies doctor-patient relationships, a family, and a large corporation.

A)social status.
B)social structure.
C)organic solidarity.
D)mechanical solidarity.

Question 32

The status of physician can be considered ______________ if everyone, no matter the setting, seeks health-related advice from that person.

A)an ascribed status
B)an achieved status
C)a master status
D)a status set

Question 33

______________ is what guides the behavior of online video games.

A)Ascribed status
B)Master status
C)Social structure
D)Role strain

Question 34

Which one of the following qualities apply to an institution?

A)unstable
B)unpredictable
C)human-created
D)reflexive

Question 35

_____________ consist of statuses, roles, groups and institutions.

A)Secondary groups
B)Social networks
C)Social structures
D)Performances

Question 36

The front stage is the area

A)out of the audience's sight.
B)where people take care to create and maintain expected images and behavior.
C)where individuals can "let their hair down."
D)that people take great care to conceal from the audience.

Question 37

Sociologists use the word social status to mean a

A)role.
B)rank.
C)prestigious position.
D)position in a social structure.

Question 38

When people enter a classroom, they step into what sociologists call

A)a primary group.
B)voluntary organization.
C)an ideal type.
D)a social structure.

Question 39

Transnational relationships

A)represent new ways of relating.
B)lack social structure.
C)are an important component of globalization.
D)tend to revolve around work.

Question 40

Which one of the following is a characteristic of a transnational relationship?

A)unknown
B)isolated
C)sustained
D)impersonal

Question 41

Which one of the following careers is least likely to involve emotional labor as an expected part of the job description?

A)food services
B)funeral director
C)construction worker
D)customer service reps

Question 42

Sociologist Arlie Hochschild believes that the emotional labor associated with service workers can be as alienating an experience as

A)failing a test.
B)working on an assembly line.
C)shopping at a giant superstore.
D)jumping off a cliff.

Question 43

Think about a social structure you "step into" routinely - it might be a social structure at your place of employment, at a place you workout or eat. Describe that social structure in terms of its "invisible" power to direct behavior.

Question 44

Javier suppresses feelings of envy at an award ceremony upon losing and congratulates the winner. Sociologist Arlie Hochschild called this

A)rationalization.
B)alienation.
C)impression management.
D)emotion work.

Question 45

The process of impression management can be likened to

A)playing a game.
B)taking a test.
C)writing a book.
D)being an actor on stage.

Question 46

Think about a job you would like to hold when  you complete college. Use Granovetter's theory to set a strategy for landing that job.

Question 47

A web of social relationships linking people to one another is known as

A)the division of labor.
B)weak ties.
C)strong ties.
D)a social network.

Question 48

Relative to men, women are expected to manage emotions on the job and to hold jobs where emotion work is essential. This expectation ties into the cultural belief that women

A)are more authentic about emotions.
B)lose control of their emotions.
C)have deeper emotions.
D)are practiced at managing emotions.

Question 49

For Arlie Hochschild, emotion work involves effort because it requires

A)actually changing one's true feelings.
B)faking an expected emotion.
C)trying to feel a certain way even if one does not succeed.
D)changing other's emotions.

Question 50

Emotions are ______________ when certain displays of emotions are an expected part of a product or service being sold.

A)commodified
B)internalized
C)rationalized
D)dislocated

Question 51

Which one of the following characteristics applies to institutions?

A)Institutions have a history.
B)Institutions do not change over time.
C)Institution seeks to distribute rewards evenly.
D)Institutions are ideology free.

Question 52

Sociologist Arlie Hochschild makes the case that _____________ are under the most pressure to manage their emotions on the job.

A)minorities
B)females
C)males
D)younger workers

Question 53

The ____________ holds that people on average can use social networks to connect to just about anyone on the planet through six or fewer relationships.

A)theory of differential association
B)dramaturgical model
C)small world theory
D)theory of emotion work

Question 54

Granovetter learned that contacts who helped newly employed workers land their jobs were likely those that the job seekers

A)saw on a daily basis.
B)maintained sporadic contact with, such as a former classmate.
C)were related to.
D)knew from church.

Question 55

Sociologist Arlie Hochschild extended the work of Erving Goffman by presenting "actors" as not only managing outer impressions but as also managing

A)other people's impressions.
B)their physical appearance.
C)their surroundings.
D)inner feelings or emotions.

Question 56

To measure the strength of a job seeker's ties to contacts, Granovetter

A)asked how often he/she saw a contact.
B)created a diagram of social ties.
C)asked for how long they knew contacts.
D)interviewed contacts to get a rating of closeness.

Question 57

Phrases like "I psyched myself up," "I tried hard not to feel disappointed," and "I let myself feel sad" get at the effort involved in

A)emotion work.
B)alienation.
C)rationalization.
D)internalization.

Question 58

In interviews with the workers who changed jobs, Granovetter learned that the contacts who helped them land the job were most often an old friend, a former co-worker, or former employer. In addition, that contact was likely to be someone with whom that worker had maintained sporadic contact over the years. Granovetter called these

A)the division of labor.
B)weak ties.
C)strong ties.
D)a social network.

Question 59

Which one of the following statements is false about social ties formed through digital technologies?

A)Digital technologies are not the first innovations to expand size and reach of networks.
B)Digital technologies help to maintain strong and weak ties.
C)Digital technologies expand opportunities to communicate.
D)Digital technologies neglect local connections.

Question 60

Describe an every day item that has been institutionalized. In doing so, describe what it means for an item to be institutionalized and the controversy that item may have caused when it first came on the scene.

Question 61

If applicable, use Arlie Hochschild's theory of emotional labor to describe the requirements of a job you hold (or someone you know holds.)

Question 62

Think of an area of your life where it is critical that you manage impressions. It might involve your family, job or church. Describe the impressions you are expected to convey and what you do specifically to convey those impressions.