Deck 7: White-Collar and Corporate Crime

Question 1

The term "white collar crime" was first coined by:

A) Weber
B) Sutherland
C) Tannenbaum
D) Merton

Answer 1

B

Question 2

In 1895, the federal government passed the _______ as an attempt to prevent monopolies.

A) Roosevelt Business Act
B) Taft-Hartley Act
C) Sherman Anti-Trust Act
D) Regulatory Influence Act

Answer 2

C

Question 3

The cost of pirated and counterfeit goods has been estimated at $250 billion dollars a year for U.S. manufacturers.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

The Ford Pinto's design was flawed to the extent that even a slow rear-end collision would cause the fuel tank to rupture.

Question 5

______ crimes are usually committed by employees on behalf of the company for which they work.

A) Blue-collar
B) White-collar
C) Labor
D) Corporate

Question 6

Fraud has never been detected in the safety testing of drugs.

Question 7

Offenses committed by firms or industries are termed:

A) white-collar crimes
B) industrial offenses
C) corporate crimes
D) business offenses

Question 8

White-collar crimes could be committed by just about anyone.

Question 9

Which of the following is true about the enforcement of computer crime law?

A) The federal Computer Fraud and Abuse Act created a felony offense for computer-based fraud and theft not covered by state laws.
B) Police, not whistleblowers, tend to bring computer crimes to light.
C) Police officers have received enhanced training on detecting and solving computer crimes.
D) Enforcement of computer crimes is no longer sporadic.

Question 10

White-collar criminals are very similar to conventional criminals in terms of self-concept.

Question 11

The Sherman Anti-Trust Act is a type of ______ law.

A) criminal
B) regulatory
C) common
D) customary

Question 12

Which company receive the largest fine from the U.S Justice Department in U.S history?

A) Toyota
B) General Motors
C) Haliburton
D) Enron

Question 13

Financial losses from white-collar crime far exceed those of street crime.

Question 14

White-collar crime refers to offenses committed by white-collar workers when they are off from work.

Question 15

White-collar criminals have extensive juvenile and adult criminal careers prior to becoming white-collar offenders.

Question 16

As societies become more complex, it is now possible for buyers to protect themselves from purchasing unsatisfactory goods.

Question 17

The Sherman Anti-Trust Act is enforced by:

A) local law enforcement
B) state regulatory agencies
C) the Federal Trade Commission
D) the Federal Bureau of Investigation

Question 18

Computer crimes:

A) are now easily detected and reported to authorities
B) are easily detected but are rarely reported to authorities because of adverse publicity
C) are not easily detected, but are often reported to authorities when detected
D) are not easily detected and fewer still are reported to authorities

Question 19

OSHA is a federal agency responsible for maintaining safe working conditions.

Question 20

The ______ perspective alerts us to study the offender, victim, and situation in which a crime takes place.

A) offender
B) situational
C) criminal events
D) rational choice

Question 21

Corporate crimes include crimes against:

A) consumers
B) employees
C) owners
D) all of the above

Question 22

White-collar criminals are similar to conventional criminals in terms of:

A) level of sophistication
B) self-concept
C) the planning of the crime
D) none of the above

Question 23

The Equity Funding Company committed which type of corporate crime?

A) Crime against consumers
B) Crime against owners
C) Crime against employees
D) Crime against the public at large

Question 24

The ability of corporate crime to victimize stockholders, workers, customers, and an entire region is known as:

A) corporate totality crime
B) Enronization
C) Worldcomicide
D) none of the above

Question 25

Molestation cases involving churches appear to be related to:

A) the type of religion the church espouses
B) the organizational features of religious institutions
C) individual characteristics of clergy
D) none of the above

Question 26

Corporate crimes victimizing workers involve the following except:

A) worker exploitation
B) job dismissal
C) injuries
D) all of the above

Question 27

Which car was found by Ralph Nader to be unsafe because of the high risk of tire separation from the wheel?

A) General Motors' Corvair
B) The Ford Pinto
C) The Toyota Camry
D) The Volkswagen Squareback

Question 28

The use of thalidomide as a sleeping pill and tranquilizer:

A) caused seizures in men
B) caused severe birth defects in children born to women using it
C) had no adverse effects on patients, but it didn't help them sleep
D) caused nose bleeds in lab animals

Question 29

Administrative courts, compared to criminal courts, often sanction behavior in order to:

A) deter the offender from future violations
B) to get offenders to terminate their illegal behavior
C) nationalize the business
D) extract the profits from a business and to set an example for other companies

Question 30

Criminologists have suggested using __________ as a tool to get corporations to change their behavior.

A) publicity
B) legislation
C) education
D) stigma

Question 31

Which of the following is NOT a condition Cressey mentioned where trusted people embezzle funds from the company they work for?

A) They were able to get help from other employees and share the money with them.
B) They faced an unshareable financial problem.
C) They recognized the chance to solve a financial problem by violating their position of financial trust.
D) They developed suitable rationalizations for embezzling to resolve their self-conceptions as trusted people.

Question 32

Which television evangelist declared that God would take his life if he did not raise $8 million dollars by April 1987?

A) Jimmy Swaggart
B) Jim Bakker
C) Oral Roberts
D) Benny Hinn

Question 33

According to Coleman, which of the following is NOT a factor that helps explain white-collar crime?

A) Motivation coming from a sense of business competition
B) Culturally learned neutralizations
C) The opportunity to commit crimes
D) Peer pressures from similarly-ranked professionals

Question 34

Which of the following is true of white-collar offenders?

A) They have extensive juvenile records and court appearances.
B) They do not have extensive adult criminal records.
C) They do have experiences with other criminals.
D) All of the above

Question 35

What is the usual motive of white-collar criminals?

A) Fame
B) Respect
C) Money
D) Power

Question 36

Control of white-collar and corporate crimes requires both criminal law and _____________ law.

A) civil
B) regulatory
C) administrative
D) none of the above

Question 37

If a corporation pollutes the air, what kind of corporate crime is being committed?

A) Crimes against consumers
B) Crimes against owners
C) Crimes against employees
D) Crimes against the community at large

Question 38

______ refers to the use of deception to acquire unlawful gain.

A) Fraud
B) Embezzlement
C) Forgery
D) Snarking

Question 39

Which of the following is NOT a measure used to reduce future incidences of white-collar and corporate crime?

A) Public educatio
B) Developing stronger business ethic
C) Legislation
D) Governmental auditing

Question 40

The use of computers, fax machines, cell phones, electronic surveillance, and new accounting technologies for committing corporate crime is termed:

A) cybercrime
B) technocrime
C) futurecrime
D) electrocrime

Question 41

Define corporate crime and discuss the different types of corporate crime. Give hypothetical examples of each of type of corporate crime discussed in the text.

Question 42

Why is it helpful to define white-collar crime as "a violation of law committed in the context of the offender's legitimate occupation"?

Question 43

Discuss the history of white-collar and corporate crime. How does its history influence the issues of corporate and white-collar crime today?

Question 44

How are white-collar criminals different from conventional criminals in terms of self-concept, planning, sophistication, and criminal careers?

Question 45

Describe the different theories of white-collar offending. How does Coleman's theory compare to other explanations of white-collar offending?