Deck 18: Fats and Health

Question 1

Cholesterol is a lipid found primarily in fruits and vegetables.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

Levels of adiponectin are often high in people with high levels of body fat and type 2 diabetes.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

Body fat helps cushion and protect organs.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

Studies have recently found that low-fat diets are more effective for weight control than other diets that limit calorie intake.

Question 5

White fat is, by far, the most abundant form of body fat in adults.

Question 6

Unsaturated fats are more likely to turn rancid with time and exposure to air and heat than are saturated fats.

Question 7

Fats are soluble in water.

Question 8

Regular intake of approximately 4 grams of trans fat daily places a person consuming 2,000 calories a day at increased risk of heart disease.

Question 9

When compared to saturated fats, unsaturated fats are attached to the maximum possible number of hydrogens.

Question 10

Linoleic acid is required for growth.

Question 11

The liver contains more cholesterol than any other organ in the human body.

Question 12

Alpha-linolenic acid is found in high amounts in the brain.

Question 13

Coconut oil contains a high percentage of polyunsaturated fats.

Question 14

Pregnant and breastfeeding women should not consume certain fish including shark and king mackerel.

Question 15

Unsaturated fats tend to be liquid at room temperature.

Question 16

Corn oil contains more saturated fat than palm oil.

Question 17

Fat molecules consist of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen.

Question 18

Diglycerides are the most common type of fat in body fat stores.

Question 19

A three-ounce serving of shrimp contains a significant amount of EPA and DHA.

Question 20

Triglycerides consist of three glycerol units and one fatty acid.

Question 21

Healthy intake of fat should be within the range of _____% of total caloric intake for adults.

A) 10-20
B) 15-20
C) 20-35
D) 35-45
E) 35-55

Question 22

Identify the most common type of fat in food and in body fat stores.

A) cholesterol
B) glycerol
C) triglycerides
D) monoglycerides
E) diglycerides

Question 23

A pound of body fat can provide approximately _____ calories of energy to the body when needed.

A) 500
B) 1,500
C) 2,500
D) 3,500
E) 4,500

Question 24

If the ingredient label lists _____, then you know the product contains some trans fat.

A) shortening
B) peanut butter
C) corn oil
D) sunflower oil
E) soybean oil

Question 25

Identify a true statement about body fat.

A) Each gram provides five calories of energy.
B) Much of it is located under two layers of skin tissue.
C) It is present in one major form called brown fat.
D) It is a precursor to vitamin C and vitamin A.
E) It carries water-soluble vitamins.

Question 26

Leptin _____.

A) levels are often low in people with type 2 diabetes and high levels of body fat
B) lowers the need for insulin
C) lowers blood glucose levels
D) initiates signals that decrease the utilization of fat stores
E) initiates signals that suppress appetite

Question 27

Adequate intake of EPA and DHA for adults is considered to be _____ mg per day.

A) 100-300
B) 250-500
C) 400-600
D) 550-800
E) 550-800

Question 28

Hydrogenation converts some unsaturated fats into _____.

A) glycogen
B) trans fats
C) polyunsaturated fats
D) amino acids
E) monoglycerides

Question 29

Which food contains a higher percentage of monounsaturated fats than saturated fats?

A) whole milk
B) peanut butter
C) cottage cheese
D) butter
E) feta cheese

Question 30

Alpha-linolenic acid is _____.

A) monounsaturated
B) required for normal functioning of the reproductive system
C) an omega-3 fatty acid
D) required for maintenance of healthy skin
E) a nonessential fatty acid

Question 31

Fat _____.

A) carries water-soluble vitamins
B) intake that exceeds calorie need is stored as glycogen
C) provides 10 calories per gram
D) serves as a component of cell membranes
E) forms antibodies

Question 32

Cholesterol is produced by the _____.

A) liver
B) pancreas
C) gallbladder
D) colon
E) stomach

Question 33

The AI for the essential fatty acid alpha-linolenic acid is set at _____ grams a day for men and _____ grams for women.

A) 1.6; 1.1
B) 3.1; 1.9
C) 4.6; 2.7
D) 5.2; 3.3
E) 6.7; 4.8

Question 34

Which oil contains a high percentage of polyunsaturated fats?

A) coconut oil
B) olive oil
C) flaxseed oil
D) palm oil
E) canola oil

Question 35

A "no cholesterol" claim means that a food contains _____.

A) four to six milligrams of cholesterol per serving
B) less than three milligrams of cholesterol per serving
C) 20 milligrams or less of cholesterol per serving
D) at least 75% less cholesterol than normal
E) at least 25% less cholesterol than normal

Question 36

Small amounts of naturally occurring trans fat are found in _____.

A) fruits and vegetables
B) milk and vegetables
C) fish and seafood
D) grains and fruit
E) milk and meat

Question 37

Which food has the lowest percentage of total calories from fat?

A) bologna (1 oz)
B) egg (1)
C) mayonnaise (1 Tbsp)
D) skim milk (1 cup)
E) shrimp (3 oz)

Question 38

Which oil contains a high percentage of saturated fat?

A) sunflower oil
B) palm oil
C) peanut oil
D) olive oil
E) corn oil

Question 39

Brown adipose tissue _____.

A) is activated by warm temperatures
B) stores are unlimited in adult humans
C) is more likely to be present in males
D) has a high concentration of mitochondria
E) stores are generally located in the abdomen

Question 40

DHA _____.

A) consumption increases the risk of heart disease
B) is a structural component of bones
C) is associated with decreased inflammation
D) demotes intellectual and visual development
E) is found in very low amounts in the retina of the eye

Question 41

What is the percentage of fat calories in a slice of apple pie that provides a total of 411 calories and contains 19 grams of fat?

A) 41.6%
B) 50.8%
C) 62.5%
D) 70.9%
E) 77.3%

Question 43

Rachel is learning in nutrition class the importance of healthy fats. She is trying to determine which foods on her shopping list she can replace or keep to help her get all of the essential fats she needs for optimal health and vitality. At the same time, she would like to eliminate the majority of unhealthy fats from her list. She has written her shopping list below. Help her modify and improve her fat intake by answering the following questions.  Rachel's Shopping List
2% milk
Black olives
Canola oil
1 dozen eggs
Whole-grain bread
Margarine
Creamy peanut butter
Frozen fish sticks
Vanilla cake mix
Bologna
Fried chicken
Canned cake frosting
Creamy ranch salad dressing
Walnuts
Flaxseed
Granola
Dark green salad mix
Apple muffins
Cheddar cheese
Which modification to Rachel's shopping list would help her reduce saturated fat intake?

A) Replace cheddar cheese with soy cheese.
B) Replace bologna with hard salami.
C) Replace fried chicken with hamburgers.
D) Replace margarine with butter.
E) Replace canola oil with palm oil.

Question 44

Rachel is learning in nutrition class the importance of healthy fats. She is trying to determine which foods on her shopping list she can replace or keep to help her get all of the essential fats she needs for optimal health and vitality. At the same time, she would like to eliminate the majority of unhealthy fats from her list. She has written her shopping list below. Help her modify and improve her fat intake by answering the following questions.  Rachel's Shopping List
2% milk
Black olives
Canola oil
1 dozen eggs
Whole-grain bread
Margarine
Creamy peanut butter
Frozen fish sticks
Vanilla cake mix
Bologna
Fried chicken
Canned cake frosting
Creamy ranch salad dressing
Walnuts
Flaxseed
Granola
Dark green salad mix
Apple muffins
Cheddar cheese
Which item(s) on Rachel's shopping list contain(s) alpha-linolenic acid?

A) dark green salad mix only
B) black olives only
C) walnuts only
D) dark green salad mix and black olives
E) dark green salad mix and walnuts

Question 46

Rachel is learning in nutrition class the importance of healthy fats. She is trying to determine which foods on her shopping list she can replace or keep to help her get all of the essential fats she needs for optimal health and vitality. At the same time, she would like to eliminate the majority of unhealthy fats from her list. She has written her shopping list below. Help her modify and improve her fat intake by answering the following questions.  Rachel's Shopping List
2% milk
Black olives
Canola oil
1 dozen eggs
Whole-grain bread
Margarine
Creamy peanut butter
Frozen fish sticks
Vanilla cake mix
Bologna
Fried chicken
Canned cake frosting
Creamy ranch salad dressing
Walnuts
Flaxseed
Granola
Dark green salad mix
Apple muffins
Cheddar cheese
Which modification to Rachel's shopping list would help her increase her intake of EPA and DHA?

A) Replace black olives with green olives.
B) Replace frozen fish sticks with salmon.
C) Replace 2% milk with skim milk.
D) Replace margarine with cream cheese.
E) Replace peanut butter with cashew butter.

Question 47

Rachel is learning in nutrition class the importance of healthy fats. She is trying to determine which foods on her shopping list she can replace or keep to help her get all of the essential fats she needs for optimal health and vitality. At the same time, she would like to eliminate the majority of unhealthy fats from her list. She has written her shopping list below. Help her modify and improve her fat intake by answering the following questions.  Rachel's Shopping List
2% milk
Black olives
Canola oil
1 dozen eggs
Whole-grain bread
Margarine
Creamy peanut butter
Frozen fish sticks
Vanilla cake mix
Bologna
Fried chicken
Canned cake frosting
Creamy ranch salad dressing
Walnuts
Flaxseed
Granola
Dark green salad mix
Apple muffins
Cheddar cheese
Which item on Rachel's shopping list most likely contains trans fat and should be replaced or removed from her list?

A) eggs
B) margarine
C) bologna
D) walnuts
E) whole-grain bread

Question 48

Trans fats increase the risk of _____.

A) celiac disease
B) Alzheimer's disease
C) type 2 diabetes
D) rheumatoid arthritis
E) cancer

Question 49

Rachel is learning in nutrition class the importance of healthy fats. She is trying to determine which foods on her shopping list she can replace or keep to help her get all of the essential fats she needs for optimal health and vitality. At the same time, she would like to eliminate the majority of unhealthy fats from her list. She has written her shopping list below. Help her modify and improve her fat intake by answering the following questions.  Rachel's Shopping List
2% milk
Black olives
Canola oil
1 dozen eggs
Whole-grain bread
Margarine
Creamy peanut butter
Frozen fish sticks
Vanilla cake mix
Bologna
Fried chicken
Canned cake frosting
Creamy ranch salad dressing
Walnuts
Flaxseed
Granola
Dark green salad mix
Apple muffins
Cheddar cheese
Which item on Rachel's shopping list is a good source of monounsaturated fat?

A) dark green salad mix
B) cheddar cheese
C) flaxseed
D) canola oil
E) margarine

Question 50

The adequate intake for the essential fatty acid linoleic acid is set at _____ grams a day for men and _____ grams for women.

A) 10; 8
B) 13; 11
C) 17; 12
D) 18; 14
E) 20; 15

Question 51

Which food contains the most EPA and DHA?

A) Italica Omega-3 Olive Oil (1 Tbsp)
B) Crab (3 oz)
C) Healthy Heart Omega-3 orange juice (8 oz)
D) Scallops (3 oz)
E) Omega Farms Low-Fat Milk (1 cup)

Question 52

Fats _____.

A) by themselves are full of flavor
B) in the stomach and small intestine trigger a hungry feeling
C) are absorbed over a short period of time
D) are only found in very few cells in the body
E) tend to stay in the stomach longer than carbohydrates or proteins