Deck 4: Understanding Food and Nutrition Labels

Question 1

The FDA determined that the labeling of GMO foods is warranted and GMO foods need to be labeled in the United States.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

Dietary supplements have to undergo rigorous testing and obtain FDA approval, as done for drugs, before they are sold.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

Industry-initiated labeling systems are voluntary and generally employ science-based criteria for judging the nutrient qualities of food products.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

The "radura" symbol on a food package indicates that the food has been irradiated using X-rays, gamma rays, or electron beams.

Question 5

The terms "colors" and "color added" should be used on an ingredient label.

Question 6

The most common food additives are potassium and salt.

Question 7

Meat products labeled "lean" must contain fewer than 5 grams of fat and no trans fat per serving.

Question 8

A proposed major change for new nutrition labels is reality-based serving sizes that represent the average portion consumed by people over the age of 2 in the United States.

Question 9

Animals whose products are labeled organic are given antibiotics to prevent diseases.

Question 10

The term "organic" is not regulated by the USDA or any other government agency for use on food packages.

Question 11

Ingredients listed on the ingredient label are listed in the ascending order according to the number of calories each ingredient contributes.

Question 12

The amount of vitamins and minerals added during the fortification of foods must be listed in the Nutrition Facts panel.

Question 13

Foods that are labeled organic cannot be grown from genetically modified seeds or treated by irradiation.

Question 14

An example of a model health claim approved by the FDA is "Low-fat diets rich in fruits and vegetables may reduce the risk of some types of cancer, a disease associated with many factors."

Question 15

Foods labeled as gluten-free contain at least 50 parts per million of gluten.

Question 16

Structure/function claims appearing on dietary supplement labels can claim to diagnose, cure, mitigate, treat, or prevent diseases.

Question 17

"Unintentional additives" do not have to be included on the ingredient label.

Question 18

The term "natural" is defined by the FDA and means that the food contains no artificial ingredients.

Question 19

Rickets is caused by vitamin D deficiency.

Question 20

The USDA requires retailers to display a country-of-origin label on meats, fish, fruits, vegetables, many nuts, and some herbs.

Question 21

The Nutrition Facts panel must compulsorily have information on _____.

A) dietary fiber
B) vitamin B ₁₂
C) vitamin D
D) potassium
E) zinc

Question 22

Additional information on specific nutrients such as vitamin D, vitamin E, folate, and _____ can be added to the Nutrition Facts panel on a voluntary basis.

A) cholesterol
B) saturated fat
C) sodium
D) potassium
E) dietary fiber

Question 23

Food additives may be added to food to _____.

A) enhance shelf life
B) enhance cooking properties
C) decrease calories
D) enhance shelf life and cooking properties
E) increase calories and improve quantity

Question 24

Since 1998, _____ has been added to refined grain products to reduce the risk of neural tube defects.

A) vitamin C
B) iron
C) riboflavin
D) thiamin
E) folate

Question 25

The most common food additives are _____.

A) sugar and salt
B) coloring agents and sugar
C) nitrates and aspartame
D) antibiotics and hormones
E) xanthan gum and diglycerides

Question 26

Meat products labeled "lean" must contain fewer than _____ per serving.

A) 5 grams of fat, 2 grams of saturated fat, and 50 milligrams of cholesterol
B) 10 grams of fat, 4.5 grams of saturated fat and trans fat combined, and 95 milligrams of cholesterol
C) 15 grams of saturated fat, 10 grams of trans fat, and 65 milligrams of cholesterol
D) 20 grams of fat, 10 grams of saturated fat and trans fat combined, and 20 milligrams of cholesterol
E) 25 milligrams of cholesterol and 10 grams of total fat

Question 27

Which common food allergen must be identified on ingredient labels?

A) strawberries
B) milk
C) corn syrup
D) xanthan gum
E) sodium aluminum phosphate

Question 28

Which food is most likely fortified?

A) orange juice
B) pasta
C) grits
D) white rice
E) crackers

Question 29

Which of the following is used as a thickening agent in bakeries?

A) potassium benzoate
B) trans fats
C) baking soda
D) xanthan gum
E) riboflavin

Question 30

If a banana is labeled "organic," then it _____.

A) has been fertilized with sewer sludge
B) has not been grown on land treated with synthetic fertilizers, herbicides, or pesticides
C) might have been grown from genetically modified seeds
D) might have been treated by irradiation
E) means nothing because organic foods are not regulated

Question 31

Which of the following substances is considered an unintentional food additive?

A) sodium chloride
B) polysorbate
C) potassium benzoate
D) hormones and antibiotics given to livestock
E) soluble dietary fiber

Question 32

In general, % Daily Values of 5 or less are considered _____ sources of the nutrient listed on the label.

A) low
B) good
C) high
D) sufficient
E) moderate

Question 33

Which term is undefined by the FDA?

A) lean
B) low fat
C) free-range
D) high fiber
E) gluten-free

Question 34

Which food is most likely enriched?

A) orange juice
B) string cheese
C) white bread
D) 2% milk
E) fruit snacks

Question 35

Standard values for total fat, saturated fat, and carbohydrates are based on a daily intake of _____ calories.

A) 1,000
B) 2,000
C) 3,000
D) 4,000
E) 5,000

Question 36

The _____ developed and is implementing standards for organic foods.

A) FDA
B) FTC
C) USDA
D) NIH
E) EPA

Question 37

Ingredients must be listed in order of their contribution to the _____ of the food, from highest to lowest.

A) protein content
B) calories
C) nutrient density
D) volume
E) weight

Question 38

Which food must have a Nutrition Facts panel?

A) apple turnovers sold at the local bakery
B) a box of breakfast cereal
C) produce sold at farmers' markets
D) a package of fresh shrimp sold at the supermarket
E) a bottle of wine

Question 39

What does it mean if a package of flour tortillas is labeled "95% fat free"?

A) Ninety-five percent of the ingredients are low fat.
B) The product contains approximately 95% fat on a weight basis.
C) Five percent of the ingredients are fat free.
D) The product contains approximately 5% fat on a weight basis.
E) The product contains fewer than 10 grams of fat.

Question 40

The process of irradiating food _____.

A) prevents food from ever spoiling
B) enhances flavor
C) causes food to retain radioactive particles
D) is not approved for use on products in the United States and Canada
E) increases the shelf life of food and decreases the risk of food-borne illness

Question 41

Organic Chocolate Crisps Cookies  Ingredients: Organic Sugar, Organic Wheat Flour (Niacin, Iron, Thiamin, Riboflavin, Folic Acid), Organic Semi-Sweet Chocolate, Organic Milk, Organic Soy, Organic Vanilla, Soybean Oil, Organic Oatmeal, Organic Egg Whites, Sea Salt, Baking Soda.

Which ingredient contributes the most to the product's weight?

A) organic vanilla
B) soybean oil
C) organic sugar
D) organic semi-sweet chocolate
E) baking soda

Question 42

Organic Chocolate Crisps Cookies  Ingredients: Organic Sugar, Organic Wheat Flour (Niacin, Iron, Thiamin, Riboflavin, Folic Acid), Organic Semi-Sweet Chocolate, Organic Milk, Organic Soy, Organic Vanilla, Soybean Oil, Organic Oatmeal, Organic Egg Whites, Sea Salt, Baking Soda.

The ingredient "Organic Wheat Flour" in the given product is most likely_____.

A) eco-friendly
B) enriched
C) pure
D) all natural
E) gluten-free

Question 43

The FDA approves health claims only for food products that are not high in fat, saturated fat, _____.

A) fiber , or sugar
B) whole grains, or hormones
C) cholesterol, or sodium
D) whole grains, or sodium
E) fiber, or hormones

Question 44

A frozen dinner can be labeled "organic" if it _____.

A) is made of entirely organically produced ingredients
B) contains at least 95% organic ingredients
C) contains at least 70% organic ingredients
D) contains at least 50% organic ingredients
E) contains less than 70% organic ingredients

Question 46

Dietary supplements _____.

A) are intended to provide individuals with the macronutrients
B) can claim on their labels that the products prevent, treat, or cure disease
C) undergo the same rigorous testing and FDA approval as drugs
D) cannot be labeled with nutrient claims and health claims
E) must include a "Supplement Facts" panel that lists serving size, ingredients, and percent Daily Value (%DV) of essential nutrient ingredients

Question 48

In 2013, the FDA began the process of revising nutrition labels. Which nutrients may be required on the new labels because intake tends to be low?

A) vitamins A and E
B) vitamins K and D
C) vitamin C and magnesium
D) vitamin D and potassium
E) iodine and zinc

Question 49

Which additive gives baked products a light texture?

A) xanthan gum
B) diglycerides
C) propylene glycol monoesters
D) sodium aluminum phosphate
E) dicalcium phosphate

Question 50

Which nutrient(s) on the Nutrition Facts panel is(are) voluntarily listed?

A) potassium
B) monounsaturated fat
C) calcium
D) potassium and folate
E) potassium and calcium

Question 51

For meat or poultry to be labeled organic, the animals _____.

A) must be given feed products that are 100% organic
B) can occasionally be given antibiotics to prevent serious diseases
C) can be given regulated hormones to promote growth
D) can be given feed products containing GMOs
E) can only live in a confined area for five hours per day

Question 52

Which ingredient is a common food allergen and part of the "Big Eight"?

A) wheat
B) chocolate
C) baking soda
D) oatmeal
E) vanilla

Question 53

Organic Chocolate Crisps Cookies  Ingredients: Organic Sugar, Organic Wheat Flour (Niacin, Iron, Thiamin, Riboflavin, Folic Acid), Organic Semi-Sweet Chocolate, Organic Milk, Organic Soy, Organic Vanilla, Soybean Oil, Organic Oatmeal, Organic Egg Whites, Sea Salt, Baking Soda.

The cookies are considered a high % Daily Value source of _____.

A) potassium
B) sodium
C) fiber
D) fat
E) saturated fat

Question 54

Which term is defined by the FDA?

A) hormone-free
B) antibiotic-free
C) high fiber
D) all natural
E) made with real fruit

Question 55

Which labeling system features a symbol that identifies more nutritious choices within specific food product categories and lists the calories per serving and number of servings per package?

A) Nutrition at a Glance
B) Smart Choices Made Easy
C) Smart Choices Program
D) American Heart Association
E) American Cancer Society

Question 56

Identify the nutrient-content claim that means a serving of the product contains 10 to 19% of the Daily Value for a particular nutrient.

A) more
B) good source
C) high source
D) low
E) pure

Question 57

Structure/function claims on a dietary supplement _____.

A) must acknowledge that the FDA supports the claims
B) that are misleading can lead to the product being taken off the market
C) prove that the supplement can prevent a disease
D) prove that the supplement can treat a disease
E) have to be approved, as done for drugs, before they can appear on product labels