Deck 10: Weight Management

Question 1

Of two people who are of the same sex, age, and height and who both weigh the same, one may be too fat, and the other, too thin.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

Any food can make you fat, even broccoli, if you eat enough of it.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

A BMI of less than 18.5 is defined as underweight.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

Exercise has been found to increase the metabolic rate and the rate of use of stored fat.

Question 5

The incidence of obesity is declining in the United States.

Question 6

Surgery is now one of the most common and successful methods used for weight control.

Question 7

Excess weight around the abdomen suggests a greater risk of heart disease than fat anywhere else on the body.

Question 8

Eating too much protein can make a person gain weight.

Question 9

Specialized exercises developed to spot reduce have proven very effective in research studies.

Question 10

An increase in body weight seen on a scale indicates that a pound of fat has been gained.

Question 11

A low-carbohydrate diet forces the body to draw on its own protein for its needed glucose.

Question 12

The body mass index is used as a method of diagnosing obesity.

Question 13

The body's density can be determined with hydrostatic weighing.

Question 14

The most accurate way to find out how much you should weigh is to look up your ideal weight in the ideal weight tables.

Question 15

For most people, the body's ordinary metabolic activities account for a smaller part of energy expenditure than do muscular activities.

Question 16

The most sensible approach to weight loss involves a combination of diet, exercise, and behavior modification.

Question 17

Infertility may occur if a person is underweight.

Question 18

The nervous system cannot normally use fat as fuel, only glucose.

Question 19

Metabolic syndrome occurs when a person elevates their BMR as a result of regular physical activity.

Question 20

The term basal metabolic rate refers to the rate of energy use for voluntary actions and activities.

Question 21

What theory claims that the body tends to maintain a certain weight by means of its own internal controls?

A) set-point theory
B) external cue theory
C) internal cue theory
D) fat cell theory
E) evolutionary preset theory

Question 22

A person suffering from anorexia nervosa usually has a low sense of self-esteem.

Question 23

Underweight is traditionally defined as weight ____ percent or more below the appropriate weight for height.

A) 10
B) 15
C) 18.5
D) 21
E) 23

Question 24

Once you have identified a number of behaviors you would like to change, it is important to accomplish them all during the first week.

Question 25

Apple-shaped people are at a greater risk for developing diabetes, hypertension, elevated levels of blood cholesterol, and heart disease than pear-shaped people.

Question 26

Basal metabolic rate is decreased by ____.

A) growth
B) gaining lean tissue
C) low levels of thyroid hormone
D) body fever
E) high levels of physical activity

Question 27

In weight control and weight loss, the individual must be aware that "spot reducing" ____.

A) requires special exercises
B) works best with food reduction
C) is not possible
D) works best with exercise and fasting
E) works best if vitamin supplements are also taken

Question 28

When protein is stored in the form of fat, it can be converted back into protein later through a process known as protein synthesis.

Question 29

Experts have developed the _____, which is a measurement that correlates strongly with body fat content.

A) body mass total
B) body mass index
C) body mass tables
D) chart weights
E) height-weight-ratio

Question 30

An appropriate reward for sticking to a weight-loss diet would be eating your favorite dessert.

Question 31

The best time to try to change a behavior is when things are changing in your life, such as during a divorce or a move to another state.

Question 32

Inactivity is a major contributor to obesity in America in both adults and children.

Question 33

What is the most valid criterion by which to judge the effectiveness of a diet?

A) Speed of weight loss
B) Amount of weight lost
C) Amount of fat lost
D) Maintenance of weight loss afterward
E) Amount of water lost

Question 34

In a prolonged diet or starvation, ____ helps keep the body from consuming its vital tissues for energy.

A) metabolism
B) ketosis
C) carbohydrate loading
D) glycogenation
E) glycolysis

Question 35

The _____ refers to how quickly a person spends energy to support the involuntary processes that take place in body cells.

A) total energy output
B) basic calorie intake
C) base-level rate
D) body mass index
E) basal metabolic rate

Question 36

One pound of body fat is equal to ____ calories.

A) 1,500
B) 2,000
C) 2,500
D) 3,500
E) 5,500

Question 37

The condition in which someone binges on all types of foods and then purges by vomiting is called anorexia nervosa.

Question 38

What is the physiological need to eat?

A) satiety
B) appetite
C) hunger
D) obesity
E) starvation

Question 39

In the early stages of a low-carbohydrate diet, much of the lost weight is ____.

A) adipose tissue and lean tissue
B) water and lean tissue
C) adipose tissue and bone
D) bone and water
E) adipose tissue and water

Question 40

On average, a woman is considered obese if she has over _____ percent body fat.

A) 8
B) 13
C) 25
D) 33
E) 45

Question 41

A man with a body fat percentage of ____ or more is classified as obese.

A) 5 percent
B) 8 percent
C) 10 percent
D) 15 percent
E) 25 percent

Question 42

Whether you eat hamburgers or carrot sticks, if what you eat provides excess calories, they will be turned to ____ in a few hours.

A) glucose
B) protein
C) cellulose
D) fat
E) glucagon

Question 43

Twins raised by adoptive parents tend to have body shapes similar to their biological parents. This supports which theory of obesity?

A) External cue
B) Fat cell
C) Behavioral
D) Social influence
E) Genetics

Question 44

The basal metabolic rate can be increased by ____.

A) increasing age
B) sleep
C) smoking
D) low-calorie diets
E) stretching exercises

Question 45

The ob gene produces a hormone called ____ that tells the body to stop eating when it is released from fat cells.

A) insulin
B) leptin
C) glucagons
D) growth hormone
E) lipase

Question 46

The enzyme lipoprotein lipase (LPL) ____.

A) determines the rate at which adipose cells store fat
B) signals the pancreas to release insulin
C) signals the gallbladder to secrete bile into the small intestine
D) determines the rate at which the liver makes LDL cholesterol
E) affects the hypothalamus stimulating appetite

Question 47

Ketosis occurs when ____.

A) a person overeats
B) a person draws on glycogen for glucose
C) glycogen has been depleted and body fat is used to nourish the brain
D) glucagon runs out and the pancreas stops synthesizing it
E) evenly spaced meals are eaten throughout the day with snacks in between

Question 48

Bulimia nervosa may best be described as ____.

A) eating closely monitored amounts of low-calorie foods
B) the compulsive consumption of food followed by purging
C) eating in response to social stimuli
D) absence of hunger and refusal to eat
E) extreme social isolation and preoccupation with death

Question 49

Joe weighs 225 pounds and is 6 feet tall. His BMI is ____.

A) 18.5
B) 21
C) 25
D) 30.5
E) 42

Question 50

The energy needed to digest, absorb, and process food is known as the ____.

A) change in energy stores
B) t hermic effect of food
C) b asal metabolism
D) rate of energy output
E) total energy composition

Question 51

The "rule of three" recommends that ____.

A) you should drink three cups of milk daily
B) older adults should exercise three days each week to prevent weight gain
C) if you want to change a behavior, you might need to try the new behavior three times before you can accept it
D) individuals on weight-loss diets should eat at least three meals daily to maintain their energy levels
E) three servings of fresh fruits or vegetables should be consumed each day

Question 52

What is a characteristic of the Atkins diet?

A) It is low in saturated fat.
B) It is high in fiber.
C) It is a high-carbohydrate diet.
D) It restricts cheese and high-fat meats.
E) It encourages high protein intakes.

Question 53

Ordinarily, the brain and nerves rely on ____ for energy.

A) fat
B) ketones
C) glycogen
D) glucose
E) maltose

Question 54

Sharon weighs 145 pounds and has tried to lose 15 pounds since 10th grade. She loses the weight without too much effort but then over the next few months she returns to her original weight. This would support which obesity theory?

A) Set-point
B) Fat cell
C) Leptin
D) External cue
E) Behavioral

Question 55

What is removed from excess amino acids and excreted in the urine when they are converted to fat?

A) oxygen
B) hydrogen
C) nitrogen
D) carbon
E) ammonia

Question 56

The person who wishes to gain weight often has to ____.

A) stop all activity
B) eat lots of fats
C) learn to eat different foods
D) take vitamin pills
E) focus primarily on high-carbohydrate foods

Question 57

If Tim eats enough to provide an extra 500 calories per day above his energy needs, how long will it take him to gain about one pound of body fat?

A) 1 day
B) 7 days
C) 15 days
D) 21 days
E) 30 days

Question 58

Stephanie goes to a personal trainer who calculates her BMI to be 20. This means that she is ____.

A) underweight
B) normal weight
C) marginally overweight
D) overweight
E) obese

Question 59

Mice with a defective form of the ob gene tend to ____.

A) be at their normal weight
B) be underweight
C) be overweight
D) drink more water than normal
E) have low ghrelin levels

Question 60

Mary is trying to lose weight and realizes that if she reduces her calorie intake by only 100 calories per day below her energy needs, she will lose about ____ pounds in one year.

A) 5
B) 10
C) 25
D) 30
E) 35

Question 61

Vignette #1 Suzanne and Bob have noticed that Kelly, their 16-year-old daughter, has been losing weight lately. She exercises at the gym almost 4 hours a day and seems to be skipping meals. They discuss this with Kelly at the dinner table, but she says there is no problem and urges them to stop worrying. Before taking drastic steps, Suzanne and Bob call their pediatrician. They discuss what has been going on with Kelly and begin to gather facts concerning disordered eating. Let's see how much they have learned by answering these questions.
Kelly's parents suspect she is purging as a means of maintaining her weight. What complication may occur as a result?

A) Hair loss
B) Constipation
C) Tearing of the esophagus
D) Excessive sleeping
E) Nail growth

Question 62

Which procedure involves stapling the stomach closed near the top, leaving only a small pouch that is connected directly to the jejunum (middle section of the small intestine) ?

A) Gastric bypass
B) Liposuction
C) Vertical-banded gastroplasty
D) Horizontal-banded gastroplasty
E) Gastric constriction

Question 63

The two factors most responsible for the epidemic of obesity are ____.

A) physical inactivity and excess calorie intake
B) excess calorie intake and genetics
C) genetics and hormonal imbalances
D) hormonal imbalances and physical inactivity
E) socioeconomic status and genetics

Question 64

Gerald has restricted his calorie intake while continuing to exercise, and has been losing 1.5 pounds per week. However, when he weighs himself at the end of week 4, he notices he has not lost any weight since last week. What does this likely mean?

A) Gerald's internal thermostat has slowed down his metabolism to prevent fat loss.
B) Gerald is eating in his sleep at night as a response to deprivation.
C) Gerald's body is retaining water temporarily as part of the fat-burning process.
D) Gerald needs to reduce his calorie intake by an additional 500 calories a day.
E) Gerald needs to increase his calories a small amount to prevent ketosis.

Question 65

Among popular diet plans, which has been mentioned as a good option in recent research because of its food variety and evidence-based principles?

A) The South Beach Diet
B) Dr. Ornish Eat More, Weigh Less
C) Weight Watchers
D) The New Glucose Revolution
E) The Atkins diet

Question 66

Which would be an appropriate reward for meeting weight loss goals?

A) Celebrate with friends at your favorite restaurant.
B) Go out for drinks with your boyfriend or girlfriend.
C) Attend a Sunday brunch with a buffet.
D) Go to a theatre with friends to see a show.
E) Skip a meal and splurge by having a favorite sweet treat instead.

Question 67

Nancy wants to prevent her daughter Andrea from developing disordered eating patterns as she grows up. What should Nancy do?

A) Scold Andrea for expressing negative emotions like anger or fear in public.
B) Help Andrea learn which foods are good and bad so she can avoid bad foods.
C) Ensure Andrea understands that overeating results in body fatness.
D) Teach Andrea to eat only when she is hungry and stop when she feels full.
E) Help her sign up for a popular diet plan that she can follow long term.

Question 68

Ted changed his eating habits to lose weight 2 months ago. Yesterday, he bought a gallon of cherry ice cream because it was on sale and he needed a dessert to take to a family party next week, but then couldn't resist eating two bowls of it last night. Ted is very upset that he has "blown it" and reverted to his former overeating. What should he do now?

A) Forgive himself and avoid keeping ice cream in his freezer overnight in the future.
B) Give up on his improved eating habits because relapses mean certain failure.
C) Practice resisting temptation by keeping ice cream around and not eating it.
D) Eat the rest of the ice cream quickly, and then resume healthful eating habits.
E) Resolve not to purchase any ice cream in the future.

Question 69

Vignette #1 Suzanne and Bob have noticed that Kelly, their 16-year-old daughter, has been losing weight lately. She exercises at the gym almost 4 hours a day and seems to be skipping meals. They discuss this with Kelly at the dinner table, but she says there is no problem and urges them to stop worrying. Before taking drastic steps, Suzanne and Bob call their pediatrician. They discuss what has been going on with Kelly and begin to gather facts concerning disordered eating. Let's see how much they have learned by answering these questions.
Which member of a treatment team working with a person who has anorexia nervosa would be most focused on proper nutrition?

A) Psychotherapist
B) Nurse practitioner
C) Family therapist
D) Social worker
E) Dietitian

Question 70

Which individual is most likely to succeed in her/his goal of losing weight?

A) Susan, who is going through a divorce and has two small children
B) Bob, who was just laid off from his job
C) Melissa, who is in the middle of studying for final exams in college
D) Dan, who is happily married and likes his job
E) Karen, who has just relocated to a new city after graduating from college

Question 71

Trends that promote obesity in the U.S. include the ____.

A) abundance of green space and attractive sidewalks in most communities
B) availability of milk, juice, and healthful snacks in most workplaces
C) large amount of time children spend watching TV or playing video games
D) small food portion sizes sold at restaurants
E) increase in physical education classes in public schools

Question 72

Repeatedly losing and regaining weight without engaging in regular weight-bearing exercise is unhealthy primarily because ____.

A) this can change body composition
B) this can cause depression/anxiety
C) body fat is lost and regained equally
D) lean muscle tissue is lost and regained
E) damage can occur to vital organs as lean tissue is spared

Question 73

Mimi, who weighs 180 pounds, is trying to figure out a reasonable daily calorie level that will help her lose weight. You suggest she apply the "10-calorie rule," which would mean she should aim for ____ calories a day to begin with, and switch to ____ calories a day after she loses 10 pounds.

A) 2000; 1700
B) 1800; 1700
C) 1800; 1900
D) 1600; 1800
E) 1200; 1000

Question 74

Vignette #1 Suzanne and Bob have noticed that Kelly, their 16-year-old daughter, has been losing weight lately. She exercises at the gym almost 4 hours a day and seems to be skipping meals. They discuss this with Kelly at the dinner table, but she says there is no problem and urges them to stop worrying. Before taking drastic steps, Suzanne and Bob call their pediatrician. They discuss what has been going on with Kelly and begin to gather facts concerning disordered eating. Let's see how much they have learned by answering these questions.
What would be the best way for the parents to approach Kelly about this problem?

A) Go to school and confront her with the school nurse present.
B) Refuse to accept Kelly's assertion that there is no problem; tell her that they know best.
C) Let Kelly go to the pediatrician alone and then call the pediatrician afterwards.
D) Enlist the help of a reputable counselor before intervening.
E) Allow Kelly to work through her own problems without intervening.

Question 75

Which phrase best describes a very low-calorie diet?

A) It contains just enough carbohydrates to avoid ketosis.
B) It requires a certain amount of stress management techniques.
C) It is only used as a transition to regular meals.
D) It requires medical supervision.
E) It is typically low in fiber and high in saturated fat.

Question 76

It is pizza night at the Murphy home and everyone has an opinion about what they should get as a topping on the pizza. Which choice would best support the Murphys in their goal of maintaining healthy weights?

A) Peppers and pepperoni
B) Sausage and garlic
C) Extra cheese and sliced tomatoes
D) Mushrooms and onions
E) Pepperoni and Italian sausage

Question 77

Who probably expended the most calories during her or his workout?

A) Joan, who weighs 130 pounds and ran 2 miles in 17 minutes
B) Bernice, who weighs 130 pounds and walked 3 miles in 45 minutes
C) Jason, who weighs 170 pounds and ran 3 miles in 30 minutes
D) Boris, who weighs 200 pounds and walked 3 miles in 1 hour
E) Alexis, who weighs 140 pounds and rode her bicycle 3 miles in 20 minutes

Question 78

Mary is looking at a menu trying to decide what to order. She is mindful of her weight, and wants to make a healthful selection. Which item would be the best choice?

A) Poached egg with marinara sauce
B) Pasta Alfredo
C) Chicken parmigiana
D) Tempura shrimp
E) Filet with a béarnaise sauce

Question 79

Vignette #1 Suzanne and Bob have noticed that Kelly, their 16-year-old daughter, has been losing weight lately. She exercises at the gym almost 4 hours a day and seems to be skipping meals. They discuss this with Kelly at the dinner table, but she says there is no problem and urges them to stop worrying. Before taking drastic steps, Suzanne and Bob call their pediatrician. They discuss what has been going on with Kelly and begin to gather facts concerning disordered eating. Let's see how much they have learned by answering these questions.
How can a health professional usually distinguish between anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa?

A) The person needs to lose weight initially with anorexia nervosa but not bulimia nervosa.
B) They are not easily distinguishable.
C) Anorexia nervosa leads to an emaciated look, while bulimics may be at their desirable weight.
D) The bulimic usually has low self-esteem while the anorexic does not.
E) Most anorexics are men and most bulimics are women.

Question 80

Vignette #1 Suzanne and Bob have noticed that Kelly, their 16-year-old daughter, has been losing weight lately. She exercises at the gym almost 4 hours a day and seems to be skipping meals. They discuss this with Kelly at the dinner table, but she says there is no problem and urges them to stop worrying. Before taking drastic steps, Suzanne and Bob call their pediatrician. They discuss what has been going on with Kelly and begin to gather facts concerning disordered eating. Let's see how much they have learned by answering these questions.
Kelly visits her pediatrician and he notes several symptoms. Which of these symptoms is unlikely to be due to anorexia nervosa?

A) Growth of hair on the body
B) Intolerance of warm temperatures
C) Drying and yellowing of the skin
D) Lowered blood pressure
E) Severe sleep disturbance