Deck 10: Human Sexuality

Question 1

Elaine has just had a baby. The doctor tells her that her baby is intersexual. This means that Elaine's baby

A) has ambiguous sexual anatomy.
B) has no internal reproductive organs.
C) has no external reproductive organs.
D) will most likely become bisexual or homosexual as an adult.

Answer 1

has ambiguous sexual anatomy.

Question 2

If a person has a preponderance of androgens, then the person would be classified as a male, according to which dimension of sex?

A) genetic
B) gonadal
C) hormonal
D) genital

Answer 2

hormonal

Question 3

Mr. Mears, the science teacher, explains to his class that females have ovaries that produce estrogens, while the male testes produce testosterone. Mr. Mears has just explained

A) genital sex and gender identity.
B) gonadal sex and hormonal sex.
C) hormonal sex and genital sex.
D) genital sex and gonadal sex.

Answer 3

gonadal sex and hormonal sex.

Question 4

Male hormones are known as

A) androgens.
B) estrogens.
C) adrenals.
D) gonads.

Question 5

Gonadal sex refers to

A) XX chromosomes in females and XY chromosomes in males.
B) ovaries in females and the testes in males.
C) a preponderance of estrogens in females and androgens in males.
D) the vagina and clitoris in females and the penis and scrotum in males..

Question 6

Regardless of genetic sex, the embryo will develop female organs and genitals in the absence of

A) testosterone.
B) estrogen.
C) adrenaline.
D) noradrenaline.

Question 7

A child that is born with an XY pair of chromosomes is genetically considered to

A) have Turner's syndrome.
B) have Klinefelter's syndrome.
C) be male.
D) be female.

Question 8

A child that is born with only one X chromosome and no additional X or Y chromosomes is genetically considered to

A) have Turner's syndrome.
B) have Klinefelter's syndrome.
C) be androgynous.
D) be transsexual.

Question 9

Concerning genetic sex, females normally have which chromosomal combination?

A) XXY
B) XY
C) XX
D) XYY

Question 10

Sex as indicated by a preponderance of estrogens (female) or androgens (male) in the body refers to

A) genetic sex.
B) gonadal sex.
C) hormonal sex.
D) gender identity.

Question 11

A child that is born with an XXY combination of chromosomes is genetically considered to

A) have Turner's syndrome.
B) have Klinefelter's syndrome.
C) be androgynous.
D) be bisexual.

Question 12

A child with Turner's syndrome

A) is considered to be genetically male.
B) has only one X chromosome and no additional X or Y chromosome.
C) is considered to be transsexual.
D) is characterized by all of these.

Question 13

An intersexual person has

A) no androgens present.
B) no internal sexual organs.
C) no external reproductive organs.
D) ambiguous sexual anatomy.

Question 14

Four-year-old Maggie tells her grandmother that she knows that girls grow up to be "mommies," and they are very good at taking care of other people, while boys are brave and grow up to marry girls and get jobs and protect their families. Maggie is describing what she understands about

A) sex differences.
B) gender differences.
C) sexual scripts.
D) biological biasing effects.

Question 15

Professor Constantine is discussing the four dimensions of sex with his psychology class. Which of the following is NOT one of the four dimensions he would discuss?

A) genetic sex
B) androgynous sex
C) hormonal sex
D) gonadal sex

Question 16

The gonads in the female are the

A) Cowper's glands.
B) uterus and cervix.
C) testes.
D) ovaries.

Question 17

Androgens are

A) male sex hormones.
B) female sex hormones.
C) male reproductive structures.
D) female reproductive structures.

Question 18

Which of the following is one of the androgens secreted mainly by the male sex organs and is responsible for the development of many male sexual characteristics?

A) thyroxin
B) epinephrine
C) testosterone
D) progestin

Question 19

Which of the following statements regarding sex and gender is FALSE?

A) Both sex and gender have a large impact on our relationships, health, and other aspects of our everyday lives.
B) One thing we never forget about a person is his or her sex.
C) Gender differences refer to biological characteristics, while sex differences refer to psychological and social factors.
D) If a person is a transsexual, then there are conflicts between his or her sex and their preferred psychological and social roles.

Question 20

The sex glands of both males and females are known as the

A) androgens.
B) hormones.
C) adrenals
D) gonads.

Question 21

Regarding sexual orientation and shifts in sexual behavior, which of the following statements is\are TRUE?

A) Sexual orientation is mainly a learned behavior and, therefore, unstable and changeable.
B) There is a 50-50 chance that an exclusively homosexual person can be "converted" to a heterosexual sexual orientation through intense therapy.
C) If a person's sexual behavior shifts from heterosexual to homosexual, it is usually because these people either realized they had been untrue to their actual sexual orientation or else they are basically bisexual.
D) All of these statements are true.

Question 22

Mrs. Holstein, the sex education teacher, tells the class that at puberty, changes will begin to occur in the bodies of both males and females. Females will experience breast development, their hips will broaden, and their overall body shape will change. Males will grow facial hair and their voices will deepen. Mrs. Holstein is explaining

A) primary sex characteristics.
B) secondary sex characteristics.
C) the biological biasing effect.
D) the unfolding of the sexual scripts.

Question 23

Primary sexual characteristics would include which of the following?

A) breast development
B) the growth of body hair
C) the vagina in females
D) all of these

Question 24

Marian's sexual orientation is asexual, which means that she

A) has sexual feelings but has chosen not to act on them.
B) is distressed by her lack of sexual desire.
C) has a treatable sexual dysfunction.
D) experiences little or no sexual attraction.

Question 25

Carl and Jack, two males, have cohabitated in a sexual relationship for a number of years. Carl and Jack's sexual orientation would best be characterized as

A) homosexual.
B) asexual.
C) heterosexual.
D) lesbian.

Question 26

In males, this stimulates the growth of the penis and other male structures like the testis and the prostate.

A) Cowper's gland.
B) testosterone.
C) labia minora.
D) menarche.

Question 27

The small, sensitive organ made up of erectile tissue, located above the vaginal opening is the

A) labia majora.
B) cervix.
C) clitoris.
D) Cowper's gland.

Question 28

Secondary sex characteristics for a female would include

A) labia majora.
B) vas deferens.
C) breasts.
D) the vagina.

Question 29

Researchers estimate that sexual orientation is what percent genetic?

A) less than 1 percent
B) 10 to 20 percent
C) 30 to 70 percent
D) 90 percent or greater

Question 30

In explaining the "facts of life" to her daughter, a mother explains that her daughter will soon begin to menstruate, an life event known as

A) ovulation.
B) menarche.
C) menopause.
D) puberty.

Question 31

The female reproductive glands, which are the source of hormones and eggs, are known as the

A) vaginas.
B) ovaries.
C) fallopian tubes.
D) vas deferens.

Question 32

Regarding the incidence of homosexuality and bisexuality, which of the following statements is FALSE?

A) Overall, about 3.4 percent of all adults regard themselves as homosexual or bisexual.
B) More men than women consider themselves to be homosexual.
C) More men than women consider themselves to be bisexual.
D) Homosexuality, bisexuality, and asexuality are all considered parts of the normal range of variations in sexual orientation.

Question 33

Women can bear children from the first ovulation until

A) menopause.
B) menarche.
C) pubescence occurs.
D) androgen insensitivity develops.

Question 34

One's degree of emotional and erotic attraction to members of the same gender, opposite gender, or both genders refers to one's

A) sexual orientation.
B) sex role.
C) sexual behavior.
D) gender identity.

Question 35

Primary sexual characteristics in men would include

A) the scrotum.
B) the prostate.
C) body hair.
D) cervix.

Question 36

Which of the following BEST describes the cause(s) of homosexuality?

A) Homosexuality is an expression of atypical personality traits and inadequate coping for low self-esteem.
B) Homosexuality, like other sexual orientations, is mainly caused by genetic and prenatal hormonal factors, although social, cultural, and psychological influences are also involved.
C) Homosexuality occurs because gay people have significantly lower levels of sex hormones than do straight people
D) Homosexuality results from being raised by gay parents.

Question 37

Primary sexual characteristics refer to

A) all those physical structures and psychological traits influenced by the sex hormones.
B) the development of breasts and body shape in the female, and changes in hair development and voice in the male.
C) the sexual and reproductive organs themselves.
D) the psychological and social characteristics associated with being male or female.

Question 38

An inherited disorder in which male embryos fail to develop male genitals because of an unresponsiveness to testosterone refers to

A) gender biasing effect.
B) androgen insensitivity.
C) congenital adrenal hyperplasia.
D) biological biasing effect.

Question 39

Secondary sex characteristics occur in response to hormonal signals from the __________ gland.

A) pituitary
B) Cowper's
C) Bartholin
D) pineal

Question 40

A developing female may be masculinized by the condition known as

A) Klinefelter's syndrome.
B) Down syndrome.
C) androgen insensitivity.
D) congenital adrenal hyperplasia.

Question 41

Regarding the causes of the different sexual orientations, researchers have begun to focus on the scientific study of how genes are expressed during development, which is called __________.

Question 42

Brandon has a deep conflict between his biological sex of being a male and his preferred psychological and social gender role of a female. Brandon would be considered a(n) __________.

Question 43

When the stresses of stigma and discrimination are factored out, homosexual persons are still significantly more likely to have emotional problems than heterosexual people.

Question 44

Regarding sexual orientation, which of the following statements is FALSE?

A) Neuroscientists have shown that there is no significant difference in the brain structures or brain chemicals of heterosexuals and homosexuals.
B) Some researchers now estimate that sexual orientation is from 30 to 70 percent genetic.
C) Homosexuality is not caused by hormone imbalances in adulthood with the hormone levels of most gay people are within the normal range.
D) There is little difference in the development of children with gay parents and those with straight parents.

Question 45

When a person appears to shift in their sexual behavior from heterosexual to homosexual, it is usually due to the person realizing they have been untrue to themselves or the person being basically bisexual.

Question 46

Gonadal sex refers to the presence of a clitoris and vagina in females and a penis and scrotum in males.

Question 47

Describe the four dimensions of sex used to classify a person as either male or female; and then explain what may cause the child's genitals to be ambiguous and not match his or her genetic sex.

Question 48

Gender differences refer to biological characteristics, while sex differences refer to psychological and social factors.

Question 49

Which of the following statements concerning homosexuality is TRUE?

A) Most gay people try to convert others to homosexuality.
B) Gay and bisexual people encounter hostility because they are members of a minority group.
C) Through their parenting, most gay couples tend to make their children gay.
D) Gay people are more likely to be mentally ill than straight people.

Question 50

An intersexual person has ambiguous sexual anatomy.

Question 51

In the absence of testosterone, the embryo will develop female organs and genitals, regardless of genetic sex.

Question 52

Jack is a boy that was born XXY with an extra X chromosome. As a result, when he matures, he may appear feminine and have undersized sexual organs. Jack has __________ syndrome.

Question 53

Discuss the problems faced by male homosexuals and lesbians and the false stereotypes that have participated in many of these problems.

Question 54

Regarding sexual orientation, which of the following statements is FALSE?

A) Although learning contributes to one's sexual orientation, it appears that nature strongly prepares people to be either homosexual or heterosexual.
B) Differences in the size and in the neurotransmitter levels of the hypothalamus have been found in homosexual and heterosexual persons.
C) Most gay people were raised by heterosexual parents, and most straight people were raised by gay parents.
D) Most gay men have lower than normal adult testosterone levels, while lesbians have lower than normal estrogen levels.

Question 55

Regarding gay people, which of the following statements is FALSE?

A) Gay people are found in all walks of life, at all social and economic levels, and in all cultural groups.
B) Most gay people have at one time or another suffered verbal abuse and social rejection, which contributes to high rates of anxiety, depression, and suicidal thinking.
C) Gay people are rarely able to maintain long-term, monogamous relationships.
D) Most gay people were raised by straight parents, and most straight people were raised by gay parents.

Question 56

After finding out his cousin was gay, Jess stopped socializing with him, did not take his calls, and did not talk to his boss about a summer job he had promised his cousin. Jess' prejudice toward his cousin's sexual orientation is referred to as

A) egocentrism.
B) homophobia.
C) homogenism.
D) sexual orientation bias.

Question 57

Although Susan's infant daughter's body produced estrogen, she had a genetic abnormality that causes her adrenal glands to release too much androgen, which caused her to be born with genitals that are more male than female. Susan's infant daughter has a condition known as __________.

Question 58

Your predominance of androgens or estrogens determines your __________ sex.

Question 59

Primary sexual characteristics in females includes breast development.

Question 60

According to brain researchers, the brain chemicals and the brain structure of heterosexuals and homosexuals are different in the part of the brain known as the __________.

Question 61

The strength of one's motivation to engage in sexual behavior is referred to as one's

A) sexual script.
B) excitement phase.
C) sex drive.
D) orgasmic function.

Question 62

Which of the following determines when, where and with whom we are likely to express sexual feelings?

A) sex drive
B) sexual scripts
C) sex roles
D) gender identity

Question 63

Parents in Western cultures, like the United States, tend to encourage boys to engage in expressive behaviors and encourage girls to engage in instrumental behaviors.

Question 64

Kal and Sarena have been dating for a year, have met each other's parents, and have also engaged in premarital sex. They are planning to get married after finishing college next year. Kal and Sarena are following the sexual script known as the __________ script.

A) hook-up
B) friends with benefits
C) traditional
D) fairy tale

Question 65

Traditional sexual scripts involve

A) casual sex between strangers.
B) casual sex between friends.
C) sex taking place between a couple only after marriage.
D) sex that may be premarital or not but involves courtship and romance.

Question 66

Studies of sexual arousal show that

A) women are more physically aroused by erotic stimuli than men are.
B) arousal has a large emotional element for women.
C) women are less physically responsive than men.
D) arousal requires physical stimulation of an erogenous zone.

Question 67

A capacity for sexual arousal

A) is apparent at birth or soon after.
B) develops around age two.
C) develops at puberty.
D) appears several years earlier in males than in females.

Question 68

The surgical removal of the testes or ovaries

A) involves the use of a aphrodisiac.
B) is called sterilization.
C) is called castration.
D) is considered surgical birth control and includes a vasectomy and a tubal ligation.

Question 69

Human arousal may be triggered by

A) unwanted sexual advances.
B) greater persistence.
C) doctor's examinations.
D) mental elements.

Question 70

Ian is invited by a friend to go to a party at Carmen and Jan's apartment. Ian and Carmen are instantly attracted to each other and within a hour are seen going into Carmen's room where they have sex. In contemporary society, Ian and Carmen are following the sexual script known as the __________ script.

A) hook-up
B) friends with benefits
C) quickie
D) random dating

Question 71

Although research shows that their ability to increase sexual desire and pleasure results mainly from a placebo effect, substances, such as oysters, chocolate, and powdered rhinoceros horn, were once believed by various cultures to be

A) aphrodisiacs.
B) sexual scripts.
C) teratogens.
D) endorphins.

Question 72

Regarding differences in the performances of males and females, which of the following statements is FALSE?

A) The differences that do exist between women and men are based on individual performances, not on averages.
B) Scores for women and men overlap so much that it is impossible to predict if any one person will be good or bad at math or language simply by knowing their gender.
C) Female and male scores on the Scholastic Assessment Test (SAT) are rapidly becoming more alike.
D) Most male-female performance gaps can be traced to social differences in the power and opportunities given to men and women.

Question 73

According to the American Psychiatric Association, an individual who is experiencing extreme distress as a consequence of his\her gender variance would be diagnosed with __________.

Question 74

Based on sexual behavior, the strength of the human sex drive is

A) at its peak from age 25 to 29 for males and females .
B) after age 40 for males and females.
C) increased with the habitual use of alcohol.
D) between 16 and 18 years for males 20 and 25 for females.

Question 75

Regarding sexual activity, which of the following statements is FALSE?

A) The peak of male sexual activity is at age 22, while the peak for females occurs around 25.
B) In any given year American men and women between ages 25 and 44 do not differ in their average number of opposite-sex partners.
C) In any given year American men and women between ages 25 and 44 do not differ in their overall pattern of sexual activity.
D) Exaggerating the differences between male and female sexuality can create artificial barriers to sexual satisfaction.

Question 76

Regarding current sexual trends among young people, which of the following statements is FALSE?

A) Oral sex is seen by young people as less risky, more acceptable, and "not a big deal."
B) The chances of getting a sexually transmitted disease through oral sex are practically nil.
C) Casual sex is usually associated with alcohol use and unsafe sexual behaviors, such as unprotected sex.
D) One study found that 20 percent of American ninth graders have already had oral sex and more than 30 percent intend to try it soon.

Question 77

Explain what is meant by androgyny, and why being androgynous is more adaptable for both males and females.

Question 78

More than half of all college students

A) have followed the sexual script of friends with benefits.
B) have had three-way sexual encounters.
C) have had a homosexual encounter.
D) are following the sexual script of no sex before marriage.

Question 79

For the last two months, Josey has been engaging in casual sex with Marcus, a young man in her college study group. Recently, Marcus was seen on campus with his long-time high school sweetheart who has come for a visit. Marcus introduces Josey as a friend in his study group. Josey has been depressed since this encounter, which most likely occurred because

A) Josey was following a friends with benefits script, while Marcus was following a hook-up script.
B) Josey was following a hook-up script, while Marcus was following a friends with benefits script.
C) Josey was following a romantic script, while Marcus was following a friends with benefits script.
D) Josey was following a friends with benefits script, while Marcus was following a romantic script.

Question 80

Regarding the human sex drive, which of the following statements is FALSE?

A) A man's sex drive is related to the amount of androgens, especially testosterone supplied by the testes.
B) When a man chats with a woman he finds attractive, his testosterone levels actually increase.
C) The sex drive in women is related to estrogen levels, but also to androgens in her bloodstream.
D) The sex drive of women is weaker than men's because of the smaller amounts of androgens she produces.