Deck 9: Brave New World: the Rise and Fall of Communism in the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe

Question 1

Identify the following terms:
Gosplan

Answer 1

Answer not provided.

Question 2

Identify the following terms:
Pravda and Izvestiya

Answer 2

Answer not provided.

Question 3

Identify the following terms:
the "queue psychology"

Answer 3

Answer not provided.

Question 4

Identify the following terms:
destalinization

Question 5

Identify the following terms:
blat

Question 6

Identify the following terms:
"Cornman"

Question 7

Identify the following terms:
de-Khrushchevi zation and Alexei Kosygin

Question 8

Identify the following terms:
Alexander Dubcek and "socialism with a human face"

Question 9

Identify the following terms:
"We will bury you"

Question 10

Identify the following terms:
Yugoslavia and "different roads to socialism"

Question 11

Identify the following terms:
Nikita Khrushchev

Question 12

Identify the following terms:
Georgy Malenkov and a "new course"

Question 13

Identify the following terms:
"virgin lands"

Question 14

Identify the following terms:
"little Stalins"

Question 15

Identify the following terms:
Leonid Brezhnev

Question 16

Identify the following terms:
Poland and Hungary, 1956

Question 17

Identify the following terms:
Hungary's Imre Nagy and Janos Kadar

Question 18

Identify the following terms:
Radio Liberty and Radio Free Europe

Question 19

Identify the following terms:
Wladyslaw Gomulka and "internal reform, external loyalty"

Question 20

Identify the following terms:
Lavrenti Beria and Vyacheslav Molotov

Question 21

Identify the following terms:
perestroika and glasnost

Question 22

Identify the following terms:
Solidarity and Lech Walesa

Question 23

Identify the following terms:
Lithuania

Question 24

Identify the following terms:
Andrei Sakharov

Question 25

Identify the following terms:
"criminal gang capitalism"

Question 26

Identify the following terms:
Commonwealth of Independent States

Question 27

Identify the following terms:
Boris Pasternak's Dr. Zhivago

Question 28

Identify the following terms:
Dmitri Shostakovich

Question 29

Identify the following terms:
the Berlin Wall

Question 30

Identify the following terms:
the East German Stasi

Question 31

Identify the following terms:
Boris Yeltsin

Question 32

Identify the following terms:
Chechnya

Question 33

Identify the following terms:
Chernobyl

Question 34

Identify the following terms:
East Germany's Walter Ulbricht and Erich Honecker

Question 35

Identify the following terms:
Hungary's "communism with a capitalist face-lift"

Question 36

Identify the following terms:
Mikhail Gorbachev

Question 37

Identify the following terms:
women and the "double shift"

Question 38

Identify the following terms:
Alexander Solzhenitsyn's One Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich and The Gulag Archipelago

Question 39

Identify the following terms:
"Prague Spring"

Question 40

Identify the following terms:
Vaclav Havel and Charter 77

Question 41

In order to restore the economy of the Soviet Union after World War II, Stalin resorted to all of the following except

A) the New Economic Policy was reintroduced.
B) goods and materials were removed from occupied Germany.
C) raw materials were extorted from the Soviet satellite states of Eastern Europe.
D) Soviet laborers produced goods for export with little return for themselves.
E) women performed 40% of the heavy manual labor.

Question 42

The head of the Soviet Union's secret police after World War II was

A) Andrei Zhdanov.
B) Lavrenti Beria.
C) Vyacheslav Molotov.
D) Felix Dzerzhinsky.
E) Georgy Malenkov.

Question 43

Stalin's immediate successor was

A) Nikita Khrushchev.
B) Georgy Malenkov.
C) Leonid Brezhnev.
D) Lavrenti Beria.
E) Andrei Sakharov.

Question 44

At the Twentieth National Congress of the Communist Party in 1956, Khrushchev

A) criticized major shortcomings of Joseph Stalin.
B) embraced the New Economic Policy of Vladimir Lenin.
C) rehabilitated Stalin after Malenkov's attack on the former Communist leader.
D) admitted that Mao Zedong was correct in using peasants to further the revolution rather than factory workers as envisioned by Marx.
E) announced the building of the Berlin Wall.

Question 45

Identify the following terms:
Brezhnev Doctrine

Question 46

Identify the following terms:
Yuri Andropov and Konstantin Chernenko

Question 47

In comparison to Khrushchev, Leonid Brezhnev

A) was much more experimental in initiating domestic reforms.
B) was more critical of Joseph Stalin and his legacy.
C) immediately restored permanent good relations with Communist China.
D) was more cautious and avoided any changes which could lead to instability.
E) was willing to compromise with the West, promising to tear down the Berlin Wall.

Question 48

In the Soviet Union prior to the era of Mikhail Gorbachev, cultural freedom, such as it was, was greatest under

A) Stalin.
B) Khrushchev.
C) Brezhnev.
D) Andropov.
E) Chernenko.

Question 49

Khrushchev fell from power in 1964 for all of the following reasons except for his

A) policy of abolishing dozens of government ministries which alienated the Soviet official and bureaucratic classes.
B) criticism of Mao Zedong and the Chinese Communist Party.
C) foreign policy failures, such as in the Cuban Missile Crisis.
D) ambitious agricultural schemes which succeeded too slowly.
E) personality and his tendency to crack jokes and play the clown.

Question 50

Pravda and Izvestiya

A) provided Soviet citizens with honest criticisms of their rulers.
B) were state controlled and presented only the approved news.
C) reformed Russians educational system.
D) competed with each other for readership.
E) were trusted by everyone in Russia.

Question 51

Identify the following terms:
Vladimir Putin

Question 52

The failure of Soviet Communism was most apparent in the

A) lack of weapons.
B) failure of its space program.
C) breakaway of the Ukraine in 1947.
D) shortage of consumer goods and housing.
E) weakness of its leadership by the late 1940's.

Question 53

The Soviet ruler who said "readers should be given the chance to make their own judgments," and that "police measures shouldn't be used" was

A) Georgy Malenkov.
B) Nikita Khrushchev.
C) Boris Yeltsin.
D) Mikhail Gorbachev.
E) Alexei Kosygin.

Question 54

Nikita Khrushchev

A) was known as "Breadman."
B) pursued a "virgin lands" agricultural policy in Soviet Kazakhstan.
C) allowed the publication of Leo Tolstoy's War and Peace .
D) ended the Cold War.
E) recognized Mao Zedong as the leader of the Communist world.

Question 55

Identify the following terms:
Pope John Paul II

Question 56

Identify the following terms:
Article 6

Question 57

The "new course" promised by Stalin's successors was to

A) incorporate West Germany into the German Democratic Republic.
B) increase military expenditures.
C) abandon communism and adopt capitalism.
D) open "virgin lands" in Siberia.
E) reduce military expenditures and improve the standard of living.

Question 58

The "doctor's plot" demonstrates

A) Stalin's willingness to purge even his closest advisors.
B) the internal conspiracies that sought to overthrow communism.
C) Western Imperialism within the USSR.
D) the lack of medical training in the USSR.
E) the developing literary presence in communist Russia.

Question 59

The 1977 Soviet state constitution stated that the Soviet Union

A) had become a proletarian dictatorship.
B) was no longer a proletarian dictatorship.
C) was a multi-cultural and multi-religious society.
D) had legalized opposition political parties.
E) had become the Commonwealth of Independent States.

Question 60

The Soviet Union's five-year plan announced in 1946

A) was not achieved until 1956.
B) was abandoned.
C) was achieved in less than five years.
D) ended with Stalin's death in 1953.
E) succeeded in the production of consumer goods but not in heavy industry.

Question 61

Charter 77 was formed in 1977 to protest Communist civil rights violations in

A) Czechoslovakia.
B) East Germany.
C) Hungary.
D) Poland.
E) Yugoslavia.

Question 62

Under Soviet Marxist control, most Eastern European countries

A) made the transition from peasant societies to urban industrialized economies.
B) adopted capitalism.
C) had no consumer goods.
D) were forced to adopt Russian as the official language.
E) entirely isolated from any and all Western influence and contacts.

Question 63

The Soviet author who won the Nobel Prize for Literature but who was not allowed to accept it was

A) Ilya Ehrenburg.
B) Boris Pasternak.
C) Alexander Solzhenitsyn.
D) Dmitry Shostakovich.
E) Ivan Denisovich.

Question 64

The first indication of unrest in the Soviet satellites of Eastern Europe was in

A) East Germany in 1953.
B) Hungary in 1952.
C) Poland in 1956.
D) Czechoslovakia in 1958.
E) Yugoslavia in 1951.

Question 65

"Internal reform, external loyalty" refers to

A) the promise of Joseph Broz Tito to remain loyal to the Soviet Union in exchange for domestic freedom.
B) the authorization for Georgy Malenkov to pursue domestic reforms so long as he remained loyal to the legacy of Joseph Stalin.
C) the agreement between Poland's Wladyslaw Gomulka and Nikita Khrushchev which authorized Poland to allow more religious freedom but remain in the Warsaw Pact.
D) Gorbachev's pledge to maintain the supremacy of the Communist party as he pursued glasnost and perestroika .
E) the Sino-Soviet pact which allowed Communist China to pursue revolution through the peasants in exchange for recognizing the international primacy of the Soviet Union.

Question 66

The Eastern European nation which did not experience a Soviet "thaw" in the 1950s but which revolted against its hard-line Communist rulers in 1968 was

A) Czechoslovakia.
B) East Germany.
C) Hungary.
D) Poland.
E) Yugoslavia.

Question 67

In the Soviet Union, "on the left" referred to

A) the correct political and philosophical ideology.
B) left-handedness as a crime.
C) the black market.
D) Communist China.
E) the Communist states who refused to have any relations with the West.

Question 68

In his 1955 visit to Yugoslavia, Nikita Khrushchev said that

A) Joseph Tito was the "butcher of Budapest."
B) there were "different roads to socialism."
C) there could be "socialism with a human face."
D) Yugoslavia was an "evil empire."
E) the Soviets would "roll back" Titoism.

Question 69

The Cold War symbol which appeared in 1961 was the

A) Chernobyl nuclear disaster.
B) Berlin Wall.
C) "Prague Spring."
D) "Iron Curtain."
E) Berlin Blockade.

Question 70

As part of the Prague Spring,

A) Alexander Dubcek was elected first secretary of the Communist Party.
B) the Brezhnev Doctrine failed to work.
C) Gustav Husak rallied reformers to put a human face on communism.
D) Czechoslovakia gained independence from East Germany.
E) the Czech military resisted the Soviet invasion.

Question 71

It is estimated that the percentage of the Soviet economy that operated outside the legal system was

A) 10 percent.
B) 20 percent.
C) 33 percent.
D) 60 percent.
E) 75 percent.

Question 72

In 1956, popular discontent erupted in

A) Czechoslovakia and East Germany.
B) Rumania and Bulgaria.
C) Yugoslavia and Bosnia.
D) Hungary and Poland.
E) Lithuania and Estonia.

Question 73

The East German Stasi was

A) a cheap and inefficient automobile.
B) the subway system in Berlin through which many escaped to the West.
C) the nickname of the Communist Party.
D) the secret police.
E) the army reserve which guarded the Berlin Wall.

Question 74

All of the following were characteristic of Soviet society in the 1960s and 1970s except

A) obvious military weakness.
B) economic stagnation.
C) the low quality of most consumer goods.
D) few incentives to produce and better oneself.
E) blat for the elite.

Question 75

The literary work that portrayed the horrors of Russia's forced labor camps was

A) Ilya Ehrenburg's The Thaw .
B) Boris Pasternak's Dr. Zhivago .
C) Mikhail Sholokhov's And Quiet Flows the Don .
D) Alexander Solzhenitsyn's One Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich .
E) Vyacheslav Molotov's My Wife's Imprisonment .

Question 76

The Soviet economy was characterized by

A) laissez-faire collectivism.
B) centralized planning.
C) socialist individualism.
D) local and regional decision-making.
E) market-orientated incentives.

Question 77

In the 1980s, the careers of Leonid Brezhnev, Yuri Andropov, and Konstantin Chernenko illustrate the problem of Soviet

A) multi-cultural centralism.
B) gerontocracy.
C) ideological extremism.
D) capitalist failure.
E) de-Stalinization.

Question 78

The "double shift" refers to

A) the necessity for factory workers to work longer hours to fulfill the quotas of the five-year plans.
B) women in communist societies working at their jobs and then again in their homes as housewives and mothers.
C) the power changes which took place in the Soviet Union after Stalin's death when Nikita Khrushchev replaced Georgy Malenkov.
D) the People's Republic of China's replacing the Soviet Union as head of the world-wide communist movement.
E) the building of the Berlin Wall and then the tearing down of the Wall.

Question 79

The Gosplan gave factory managers

A) monthly and annual quotas.
B) freedom to hire and fire their workers.
C) incentives to increase production by distributing extra profits.
D) suggestions on how to run their factory but not strict rules.
E) orders to increase consumer goods for export to the West.

Question 80

An example of the failures of Soviet technology was illustrated by the nuclear accident at

A) Chechnya.
B) Minsk.
C) Baku.
D) Helsinki.
E) Chernobyl.