Deck 3: Theories of Behavior

Question 1

Biophysical explanations help a teacher identify immediate factors that affect behavior. 

Answer 1

False

Question 2

At what psychosexual stage are adolescents likely to withdraw from families and develop an interest in the opposite sex?

A) genital stage
B) anal stage
C) latency stage
D) oral stage
E) phallic stage

Answer 2

A

Question 3

If a child is angry with their parents, but takes out her anger by kicking the family dog, she is engaging in which defense mechanism?

A) reaction formation
B) displacement
C) projection
D) regression

Answer 3

B

Question 4

What is the main purpose of the ego?

A) to provide immediate gratification
B) to strive for perfection and self-ideal
C) to pass judgement on whether an act is right or wrong
D) to mediate psychic energy

Question 5

Which of the following terms describes a theory that can be scientifically tested?

A) inclusive
B) verifiable
C) predictive utility
D) parsimonious

Question 6

Which of the following social learning terms refers to a child's belief that imitating certain behaviors will lead to certain consequences?

A) attributions
B) outcome expectations
C) schema
D) efficacy expectations

Question 7

According to the operant model, a person's behavior is instrumental in producing a reward.

Question 8

Which psychosexual stage is considered a relatively calm and tranquil period where the child focuses on school, play, and same-sex friends?

A) genital stage
B) anal stage
C) latency stage
D) oral stage
E) phallic stage

Question 9

A parsimonious explanation would:

A) be the simplest explanation that accounts for behavior
B) give practitioners the opportunity to change behavior by changing the conditions under  which the behavior occurs
C) be verifiable
D) rule out the possibility of a chemical imbalance in the brain

Question 10

According to Bandura, how do children learn new social behaviors?

A) by resolving conflicts between the id and superego
B) by observing the actions of important people around them
C) by receiving reinforcement for performing appropriate behavior
D) by participating in a social skills training lesson at school

Question 11

According to ecological theory, ecosystems seek equilibrium. 

Question 12

Ms. Nitrate is having problems keeping Rufus from talking in class. Ms. Nitrate gets so frustrated that she tells the class that it is no longer necessary to be quiet. What ecological process has occurred?

A) adaptation
B) assimilation
C) expulsion
D) succession

Question 13

If an explanation for behavior is inclusive, then it must:

A) be simple.
B) provide reliable answers to what people will do under certain conditions.
C) account for a substantial quantity of behavior.
D) suggest an appropriate intervention.

Question 14

Id is to biological as superego is to:

A) psychological.
B) developmental.
C) social conscious.
D) behavior.

Question 15

Which type of learning occurs by pairing two stimuli together so that the second stimulus elicits the same response as the first stimulus?

A) operant conditioning
B) respondent conditioning
C) instrumental conditioning
D) observational learning

Question 16

Niche breadth refers to:

A) the restraints society places on humans in certain situations.
B) the rate of adjustment to a new habitat.
C) the places where species live.
D) a tool for describing the ecosystem.

Question 17

What is the mechanism under which most observational learning occurs?

A) developmental processes
B) behavioral processes
C) cognitive processes
D) environmental processes

Question 18

The superego is a predominantly conscious force.

Question 19

Freudian slips are an example of:

A) suppressed material
B) denied material
C) repressed material
D) displaced material

Question 20

Vicarious reinforcement or vicarious punishment is likely to take place when children see the type of consequences others receive for performing certain behaviors.

Question 21

Provide examples of how a student's behavior problems may by the by-product rather than the cause of ecological disturbances.

Question 22

Explain one of the common defense mechanisms and how they might occur in the classroom.

Question 23

Compare and contrast biophysical and psychodynamic theories. Explain how they are related to student behavior.

Question 24

What are the key differences in respondent versus operant conditioning? 

Question 25

What are the contributions of behavior modification? List at least three and explain.