Deck 11: Punishment

Question 1

Mr. Smith has Harold wear a ribbon when he is exhibiting appropriate behavior. While Harold is wearing the ribbon, he receives a high density of positive reinforcement from his teachers. However, when Harold is misbehaving, the ribbon is removed, which signifies that reinforcement will be withheld for three minutes. Which form of time-out does this procedure illustrate?

A) planned ignoring plus restraint
B) reduction of response maintenance stimuli
C) contingent observation
D) planned ignoring

Answer 1

B

Question 2

A teacher gives every student an envelope with five or more tickets in it. Students lose a ticket every time they engage in one of three inappropriate behaviors. The remaining tickets are placed in a grab bag and mixed up. The teacher draws three tickets and the students whose names appear on the tickets win a reward. What type of intervention is the teacher using?

A) compliance matrix
B) time-delay
C) response cost lottery
D) bingo behavior

Answer 2

C

Question 3

Why would punishment elicit escape and avoidance behaviors?

A) because it represents an aversive consequence
B) because most punishers are too delayed to control behavior
C) because punishment is paired with extinction
D) because children have places to hide

Answer 3

A

Question 4

Albert is a boy with autism who frequently bangs his head against the wall at school. His teacher decides to use a mild form of punishment to suppress this behavior. Although the intervention is effective in suppressing head-banging at school, the behavior increases considerably at home. This phenomenon is known as:

A) punishment contrast
B) generalized suppression
C) response substitution
D) escape and avoidance

Question 5

Rocky is a patient in a psychiatric hospital who throws furniture on the hospital ward. The staff psychologist successfully suppresses this behavior with punishment. However, Rocky subsequently begins throwing trays. What phenomenon has occurred?

A) response facilitation
B) punishment contrast
C) response substitution
D) generalized suppression

Question 6

Which of the following should you do when implementing a response cost?

A) specify the magnitude of the fine
B) impose fines several hours after the misbehavior occurs
C) ensure that  students should more points than they earn
D) focus exclusively on negative or inappropriate behaviors

Question 7

Overcorrection is different from other punishment procedures because it focuses on the training of appropriate behaviors.

Question 8

Elmer's teacher requires him to stay in from recess as a punishment for not finishing his math assignment. While in from recess, Elmer's teacher helps him finish his assignment. Although Elmer finds recess reinforcing, he continues to get punished for not finishing his assignments. What phenomenon has occurred?

A) escape conditioning
B) response generalization
C) suppression satiation
D) response facilitation

Question 9

Under which of the following situations would planned ignoring be most effective?

A) during one-to-one instruction
B) with older or high functioning students
C) with a student who isn't interested in receiving attention from the teacher
D) after other punishment procedures have been tried such as overcorrection

Question 10

Which of the following punishment techniques focuses on repeatedly exposing students to the antecedents of their misbehavior?

A) negative practice
B) stimulus satiation
C) restitution overcorrection
D) habit reversal

Question 11

Mr. Cutlip places Kevin in time-out for hitting Paul. If Kevin's aggression subsequently decreases, then time-out can be viewed as:

A) reinforcement
B) shaping
C) punishment
D) negative reinforcement

Question 12

The least restrictive level of time-out is planned ignoring.

Question 13

Paige threw her sandwich across the cafeteria and hit Mr. Rubble in the arm. As a result of this behavior, Paige was required to clean up the whole cafeteria. This consequence is an example of:

A) positive practice overcorrection
B) response cost overcorrection
C) restitution overcorrection
D) application overcorrection

Question 14

Which type of punishment involves the loss of a specific amount of reinforcement contingent upon the performance of an inappropriate behavior?

A) habit reversal
B) response cost
C) contingent observation
D) time out

Question 15

Scotty bites his nails. He is taught to grasp a pencil every time he tries to bite his nails. What type of intervention is being employed?

A) habit reversal
B) forced movement exercise
C) time out from misbehavior
D) response covariation suppression

Question 16

Ms. Abercromby sees Bobby hit Jimmy. As a consequence, she has Bobby run a mile after school. What type of reductive procedure is she employing?

A) physical screening
B) contingent exercise
C) tired training
D) stimulus satiation

Question 17

In order for punishment to be optimally effective, it should be delivered at the end of a behavioral sequence.

Question 18

Haley is placed in time-out. She behaves appropriately in time-out in order to get out as quickly as possible. In this situation, time-out can be viewed as:

A) punishment.
B) reinforcement.
C) extinction.
D) negative reinforcement.

Question 19

Response facilitation occurs when one inappropriate behavior is suppressed and another inappropriate behavior occurs.

Question 20

Itard is credited with being one of the first people to use time-out in an educational context.

Question 21

What are the similarities and differences between response cost and overcorrection? Which one do you think is used more in the classroom and why?

Question 22

What makes response cost a desirable system to use in the classroom?

Question 23

Which interventions should be applied before punishment?

Question 24

Which principles should schools follow when implementing punishment?

Question 25

What are the limitations of punishment? Explain the negative side effects and how these limitations affect students.