Deck 27: Protists

Question 1

Which statement best describes the phylogenetic relationship between protists, fungi, plants, and animals? ​

A)Fungi and animals share a common protist lineage, while plants arose from a different protist ancestor.
B)Fungi and plants share a common protist lineage, while animals arose from a different protist ancestor.
C)Animals and plants share a common protist lineage, while fungi arose from a different protist ancestor.
D)Plants, animals, and fungi each arose from a different protist lineage.
E)Plants, animals, fungi, and protists each arose from the same prokaryotic ancestor.

Answer 1

A

Question 2

Answer the question using the accompanying figure. The structures labeled "4" are ____. ​

A)trichocysts
B)cilia
C)flagella
D)pili
E)pellicles

Answer 2

B

Question 3

The majority of protists are ____.

A)anaerobic
B)aerobic
C)autotrophic
D)parasitic
E)photosynthetic

Answer 3

B

Question 4

Some protists have a pellicle, which is used for ____. ​

A)defensive purposes
B)sexual reproduction
C)structural support
D)water absorption
E)food storage

Question 5

The cause of malaria is a ____.

A)Pseudomonas
B)Phytophthora
C)Plasmodium
D)Physarum
E)Phytophthora

Question 6

Answer the question using the accompanying figure. Water balance is maintained by the structures labeled ____.

A)1 and 3
B)5 and 9
C)7 and 8
D)6 and 9
E)1 and 6

Question 7

A number of major disease-causing protists are members of ____.

A)Euglenoids
B)Excavates
C)Archaeplastida
D)diatoms
E)brown algae

Question 8

 
Figure 27.1
Answer the question using the accompanying figure. The function of the structure labeled "2" is ____.

A)food intake
B)digestion
C)waste elimination
D)water discharge
E)asexual reproduction

Question 9

The undulating membrane of Parabasala is used for ____. ​

A)defensive purposes
B)asexual reproduction
C)structural support
D)food absorption
E)movement

Question 10

Protists are ____. ​

A)the simplest of eukaryotes
B)generally aquatic
C)members of a single kingdom
D)the simplest of eukaryotes, and are generally aquatic
E)the simplest of eukaryotes, generally aquatic, and members of a single kingdom

Question 11

Protists that have a single flagellum are called ____. ​

A)heterokonts
B)unikonts
C)dikonts
D)euglenoids
E)rhizarians

Question 12

Answer the question using the accompanying figure. The structures labeled "5" are ____. ​

A)trichocysts
B)micronuclei
C)flagella
D)pili
E)gullet

Question 13

You discover an organism that has a nucleus but no mitochondria. This organism could be a(n)____. ​

A)euglenoid
B)diplomonad
C)kinetoplastid
D)ciliate
E)dinoflagellate

Question 14

Answer the question using the accompanying figure. The function of the structure labeled "9" is ____. ​

A)food intake
B)digestion
C)sexual reproduction
D)water discharge
E)asexual reproduction

Question 15

The cause of malaria is a ____. ​

A)bacterium
B)protist
C)virus
D)fungus
E)animal

Question 16

A ____ is an extension of a lobe of the cytoplasm, which is used by some protists for movement. ​

A)gullet
B)pseudopod
C)cilium
D)pilus
E)flagellum

Question 17

Giardia lamblia, spread by water contaminated with feces, forms resistant ____.

A)endospores
B)exospores
C)cysts
D)sporangia
E)trophozoites

Question 18

Small, photosynthetic protists found in aquatic habitats are collectively called ____. ​

A)zooplankton
B)phytoplankton
C)phagoplankton
D)bryophytes
E)chrysophytes

Question 19

Answer the question using the accompanying figure. The structure labeled "7" is the ____. ​

A)food vacuole
B)gullet
C)macronucleus
D)micronucleus
E)mitochondrion

Question 20

The protists are a diverse group of organisms that have traditionally been grouped together because they all ____.

A)have the same type of nutrition
B)live in the same environments
C)have very similar DNA sequences
D)have very similar shapes
E)are not prokaryotes, fungi, plants, or animals

Question 21

​
Figure 27.2
Answer the question using the accompanying figure. This figure illustrates the process of ____.

A)conjugation
B)transformation
C)transduction
D)translocation
E)excystation

Question 22

Diatoms belong to the group ____. ​

A)Bacillariophyta
B)Phaeophyta
C)Chrysophyta
D)Rhodophyta
E)Chlorophyta

Question 23

Red tide and extensive fish kills are caused by population blooms of ____. ​

A)euglenoids
B)dinoflagellates
C)diatoms
D)ciliates
E)brown algae

Question 24

Most golden algae are ____. ​

A)unicellular and autotrophic
B)unicellular and heterotrophic
C)colonial and autotrophic
D)colonial and heterotrophic
E)multicellular and heterotrophic

Question 25

Radiolarians have characteristic ____, which are thin, ray-like strands of cytoplasm supported internally by bundles of ____. ​

A)axopods; microfilaments
B)axopods; microtubules
C)spicules; microfilaments
D)spicules; microtubules
E)microfilaments; axopods

Question 26

Answer the question using the accompanying figure. What is occurring in step 2? ​

A)mitosis
B)the first meiotic division
C)the second meiotic division
D)fertilization
E)fusion

Question 27

When under attack, ciliates can eject dart-like protein threads from surface organelles called ____. ​

A)vacuoles
B)gullets
C)trichocysts
D)phagosomes
E)alveoli

Question 28

Answer the question using the accompanying figure. What is occurring in step 6?

A)fission
B)fusion
C)fertilization
D)the first meiotic division
E)the second meiotic division

Question 29

Ciliates include the genus ____. ​

A)Euglena
B)Anopheles
C)Trichomonas
D)Paramecium
E)Entamoeba

Question 30

Answer the question using the accompanying figure. What is occurring in step 11? ​

A)cytoplasmic division
B)fusion
C)fertilization
D)the first meiotic division
E)the second meiotic division

Question 31

Many algal species have life cycles consisting of alternating haploid and diploid generations. The most common life cycle in brown algae consists of organisms that are ____. ​

A)unicellular in the haploid stage and multicellular in the diploid stage
B)multicellular in the haploid stage and unicellular in the diploid stage
C)unicellular in both the haploid and diploid stages
D)multicellular in both the haploid and diploid stages
E)colonial in both the haploid and diploid stages

Question 32

The least mobile protists are the ____. ​

A)apicomplexans
B)dinoflagellates
C)diatoms
D)heterokonts
E)euglenoids

Question 33

Diatoms can best be described as ____.

A)unicellular and autotrophic
B)unicellular and heterotrophic
C)multicellular and autotrophic
D)multicellular and heterotrophic
E)multicellular and parasitic

Question 34

Algin is a substance used to thicken products as diverse as ice cream, cosmetics, and floor polish. It is extracted from the cell walls of ____ algae.

A)green
B)golden
C)blue-green
D)brown
E)red

Question 35

Brown algae lack true roots but have similar structures called ____ that anchor them to their substrate. ​

A)stipes
B)blades
C)holdfasts
D)thalli
E)rhizoids

Question 36

Answer the question using the accompanying figure. Mitosis is occurring in step(s)____.

A)7 only
B)8 only
C)10 only
D)7 and 8
E)7, 8, and 10

Question 37

The only protists that have two types of nuclei in each cell are the ____. ​

A)Archaeplastida
B)dinoflagellates
C)ciliates
D)Excavates
E)amoebozoans

Question 38

Answer the question using the accompanying figure. The degeneration of nuclei is occurring in step(s)____. ​

A)4 only
B)5 only
C)8 only
D)4 and 5
E)4 and 8

Question 39

The ____ are members of the Oomycota.

A)water molds
B)white rusts
C)downy mildews
D)water molds and white rusts
E)water molds, white rusts and mildews

Question 40

Kinetoplastids are ____.

A)non-photosynthetic
B)parasitic
C)ciliated
D)non-photosynthetic and parasitic
E)non-photosynthetic, parasitic, and ciliated

Question 41

The algal ancestors of land plants are most likely similar to the ____. ​

A)Rhodophyta
B)Phaeophyta
C)Chrysophyta
D)Charophyta
E)Radiolaria

Question 42

Answer the question using the accompanying figure. Label B illustrates Plasmodium infection of the ____. ​

A)kidney
B)liver
C)gall bladder
D)stomach
E)lung

Question 43

Rhodophyta consist of 4,000 species of ____algae. ​

A)brown
B)red
C)golden
D)green
E)blue-green

Question 44

Cellular slime molds can be distinguished from plasmodial slime molds on the basis of ____

A)reproductive structures
B)spore formation
C)nuclei per cytoplasm
D)slime trails
E)food requirements

Question 45

 
Figure 27.4
Answer the question using the accompanying figure. Which stage of the Plasmodium life cycle does Label A represent?

A)sporozoite
B)gametocyte
C)cyst
D)zygote
E)merozoite

Question 46

Answer the question using the accompanying figure. Which stage of the Plasmodium life cycle does label D represent? ​

A)sporozoite
B)gametocyte
C)cyst
D)zygote
E)merozoite

Question 47

The green algae include ____.

A)unicellular species only
B)multicellular species only
C)unicellular and multicellular species
D)unicellular and colonial species
E)unicellular, multicellular, and colonial species

Question 48

Answer the question using the accompanying figure. The slug is the structure with the label ____. ​

A)A
B)B
C)C
D)D
E)E

Question 49

Answer the question using the accompanying figure. The structure labeled "E" is formed ____.

A)under favorable conditions
B)under unfavorable conditions
C)by mitosis
D)by meiosis
E)by fusion of individual cells

Question 50

Under favorable conditions, plasmodial slime molds exist primarily as ____.

A)a coordinated, multicellular mass
B)individual amoeba-like cells
C)individual flagellated cells
D)a single, multinucleated cellular mass
E)spore-forming fruiting bodies

Question 51

​
Figure 27.3
Answer the question using the accompanying figure. This figure illustrates the life cycle of a ____.

A)brown algae
B)green algae
C)water mold
D)plasmodial slime mold
E)cellular slime mold

Question 52

Currently malaria ____.

A)kills about two million people each year in the U.S.
B)has no known treatment
C)can be prevented with a vaccination
D)can be prevented with the drug quinidine
E)is a temporary infection

Question 53

Amoebas use pseudopodia for movement and ____. ​

A)sexual reproduction
B)excretion
C)feeding
D)avoiding predation
E)asexual reproduction

Question 54

Shells of forams consist of organic matter reinforced by ____.

A)silica
B)cellulose
C)calcium carbonate
D)copper sulfate
E)hydrogen sulfide

Question 55

Answer the question using the accompanying figure. Which stage(s)produce(s)the characteristic chills and fever of malaria?

A)A only
B)B only
C)C only
D)A and B
E)B and C

Question 56

Many algal species have life cycles consisting of alternating haploid and diploid generations. The most common life cycle in green algae consists of organisms that are ____ in the haploid stage and ____ in the diploid stage.

A)unicellular; multicellular
B)multicellular; unicellular
C)unicellular; unicellular
D)multicellular; multicellular
E)colonial; colonial

Question 57

Slime molds move about in a way similar to ____. ​

A)water molds
B)fungi
C)amoebas
D)dinoflagellates
E)ciliates

Question 58

Answer the question using the accompanying figure. The fruiting body is the structure with the label ____.

A)A
B)B
C)C
D)D
E)​E

Question 59

The ____ acquired plastids through primary endosymbiosis. ​

A)stramenopiles
B)red algae
C)dinoflagellates
D)ciliates
E)euglenoids

Question 60

Answer the question using the accompanying figure. The animal labeled "E" is a ____.

A)mosquito of the genus Aedes
B)mosquito of the genus Anopheles
C)mosquito of the genus Culex
D)fly of the genus Musca
E)tick of the genus Amblyoma

Question 61

You find a protist that is unicellular, heterotrophic, and non-flagellated. It has two nuclei of different sizes. You correctly conclude that this organism is a(n)____. ​

A)kinetoplastid
B)plasmodial slime mold
C)ciliate
D)foram
E)amoebozoan

Question 64

The ____ are the primary photosynthetic organisms of marine plankton. ​

A)apicomplexans
B)diatoms
C)dinoflagellates
D)parasitic ciliates
E)free-living ciliates

Question 68

The ____ are heterotrophic funguslike protists. ​

A)Rhodophyta
B)Chrysophyta
C)Phaeophyta
D)Bacillariophyta
E)Oomycota

Question 69

The ____ absorb nutrients through their plasma membranes and lack food vacuoles. ​

A)golden algae
B)apicomplexans
C)dinoflagellates
D)diatoms
E)red algae

Question 70

The ____ protist group includes human pathogens.

A)parabasalids
B)euglenoids
C)forams
D)red algae
E)brown algae

Question 72

The production of cyclic AMP in Dictyostelium results in ____.

A)sexual reproduction
B)cell division
C)swimming
D)spore production
E)aggregation of cells

Question 74

According to the latest research, what statement best describes the first eukaryote? ​

A)It lacked a nucleus, a mitochondrion, or a chloroplast.
B)It lacked a nucleus, but contained a mitochondrion and a chloroplast.
C)It contained a nucleus and a chloroplast, but not a mitochondrion.
D)It contained a nucleus and a mitochondrion, but not a chloroplast.
E)It contained a nucleus, a mitochondrion, and a chloroplast.

Question 75

All algae ____. ​

A)are unicellular
B)are multicellular
C)have chlorophyll
D)are motile at all stages of their life cycle
E)have life cycles with alternating generations

Question 79

Secondary endosymbiosis occurs when a ____ eukaryote engulfs a ____. ​

A)photosynthetic; photosynthetic prokaryote
B)photosynthetic; non-photosynthetic prokaryote
C)photosynthetic; non-photosynthetic eukaryote
D)non-photosynthetic; photosynthetic prokaryote
E)non-photosynthetic; photosynthetic eukaryote

Question 80

The most diverse archaeplastida group is composed of ____. ​

A)red algae
B)brown algae
C)diatoms
D)green algae
E)charophytes