Deck 20: Animal Tissues and Organs

Question 1

____ epithelial tissue is several cell layers thick.

A) Stratified
B) Loose connective
C) Dense connective
D) Simple
E) Cuboidal

Answer 1

A

Question 2

Why is blood considered a connective tissue?

A) B lood cells are derived from bone cells.
B) B lood cells are derived from pluripotent cells.
C) B lood cells help anchor muscle to bone.
D) B lood cells derive from epithelial cells.
E) B lood cells give structural support to blood vessels.

Answer 2

A

Question 3

Embryonic stem cells are pluripotent, able to ____.

A) divide an unlimited amount of times
B) give rise to most but not all body cell types
C) give rise to any of the body cell types
D) divide a limited amount of times
E) give rise to different, unique individuals

Answer 3

C

Question 4

____ epithelial tissue is only one cell layer thick.

A) Stratified
B) Dense connective
C) Loose connective
D) Simple
E) Cuboidal

Question 5

In ___________, two or more organs and other components interact physically, chemically, or both to perform a common task.

A) specialized cells
B) specialized tissues
C) physiology
D) organ systems
E) organelle systems

Question 6

____ tissue contains glands.

A) Connective
B) Muscular
C) Epithelial
D) Neural
E) Adipose

Question 7

Vertebrate lungs originally evolved from ____.

A) fish gills
B) fish guts
C) lizard gills
D) lizard guts
E) salamander gills

Question 8

Which compartment contains most of the fluid in the human body?

A) synovial
B) plasma
C) interstitial
D) intracellular
E) cerebrospinal

Question 9

____ are projections on epithelial tissue that increase the surface area.

A) Cilia
B) Microvilli
C) Flagella
D) Pseudopodia
E) Exocrines

Question 10

Evolution of which structure allowed land vertebrates to maintain gas exchange inside their body.

A) g ills
B) moist skin
C) a liver
D) lungs
E) heart

Question 11

____ glands release products onto an internal or external surface.

A) Endocrine
B) Muscular
C) Neural
D) Exocrine
E) Connective

Question 12

Epithelial tissues are held together by ____ junctions.

A) cell
B) loose
C) solid
D) great
E) permeable

Question 13

____ tissue is a sheet-like tissue with one surface always facing a body cavity or an external environment.

A) Dense connective
B) Muscular
C) Epithelial
D) Nervous
E) Loose connective

Question 14

A(n) ____ contains pluripotent stem cells.

A) embryo before implantation in the uterus
B) embryo shortly after implantation in the uterus
C) placenta
D) umbilical cord
E) uterus

Question 15

_______ tissues contract to move the body and its parts.

A) Respiratory
B) Epithelial
C) Muscle
D) Connective
E) Digestive

Question 16

In the body, stem cells in bone marrow will develop into ____.

A) muscle cells
B) bone cells
C) blood cells
D) skin cells
E) nerve cells

Question 17

A stem cell is a cell that ____.

A) can differentiate into specialized cell types
B) has already differentiated
C) can develop into two or three cell types
D) can only develop into skin cells
E) can only develop into bone cells

Question 18

An organ is defined as ____.

A) one or more cell types that perform specific functions
B) a tissue that is unique in its function
C) various tissues that perform different functions
D) two or more tissues organized and capable of carrying out a specific task
E) two or more tissues co-localized to one part of the body

Question 19

The outer layer of the skin is composed of protective____ epithelium.

A) simple squamous
B) simple cuboidal
C) stratified columnar
D) simple columnar
E) stratified squamous

Question 20

A tissue is defined as ____.

A) one or more cell types that perform a common task
B) a cell that is unique in its function
C) various cells that perform different functions
D) the structural unit of an organ system
E) one or more organ types that perform a common task

Question 21

The kidneys are protected by ____ tissue.

A) adipose
B) loose irregular connective
C) dense regular connective
D) stratified cuboidal epithelium
E) simple squamous epithelium

Question 22

The ____ system is physically the outermost system in vertebrates.

A) endocrine
B) integumentary
C) lymphatic
D) skeletal
E) urinary

Question 23

In addition to its energy-storage role, adipose tissue ______ body parts, and a layer of adipose tissue beneath the skin serves as ______.

A) protects; a tough covering
B) immunizes; insulation
C) cushions; heat source
D) cushions; insulation
E) protects; heat

Question 24

Electrical signals are converted into chemical signals at the end of a(n) _____.

A) neuroglial cell
B) muscle cell
C) microvillus
D) neuron cell body
E) axon

Question 25

____ tissue consists of fibroblasts, has cells surrounded by a calcium matrix, and works with other tissues to move the body.

A) Bone
B) Cartilage
C) Tendon
D) Cardiac
E) Loose connective

Question 26

The ____ is the end of the neuron responsible for conveying electrical signals away from the cell body.

A) nuclear end
B) dendrite
C) spinal tap
D) axon
E) cytoplasmic end

Question 27

A ____ secretes a chemical message for the purpose of cellular communication.

A) muscle
B) neuron
C) keratinocyte
D) fibroblast
E) platelet

Question 28

Constriction of the pupil of the eye is caused by ____.

A) skeletal muscle
B) cartilage
C) tendons
D) smooth muscle
E) cardiac muscle

Question 29

Endocrine glands release ____.

A) mucus
B) hormones
C) saliva
D) milk
E) tears

Question 30

____ is composed of dense, regular connective tissue.

A) Adipose
B) Blood
C) Bone
D) Cartilage
E) A tendon

Question 31

The predominant cell type in connective tissue is the ____, which secretes components of the _____.

A) neuroglia; nerve fiber sheath
B) fibroblast; extracellular matrix
C) cartilage; extracellular matrix
D) melanocytes; melanin
E) bone; skeleton

Question 32

____ are the signaling cells in nervous tissue.

A) Neuroglia
B) Dendrites
C) Neurons
D) Axons
E) Nerves

Question 33

Epithelial cells are more likely to become cancerous than other tissue cells because epithelial cells ____.

A) lack a nucleus
B) are always exposed to the external environment
C) are only found in simple tissues
D) undergo DNA replication more often
E) have an extensive blood vascular system

Question 34

Cells of ____ tissue do not attach to one another but rather are surrounded by an extracellular matrix that they secreted.

A) connective
B) muscular
C) epithelial
D) neural
E) cardiac

Question 35

A tissue type that is composed of fibroblasts and collagen fibers, provides support for intestinal muscles, and forms capsules around kidneys is known as ____ tissue.

A) dense, irregular connective
B) dense, regular connective
C) cartilage
D) stratified epithelium
E) simple squamous epithelium

Question 36

____ tissue serves as a scaffold in the developing embryo, but most of it is replaced by bone in adults.

A) Bone
B) Cartilage
C) Tendon
D) Cardiac
E) Loose connective

Question 37

____ tissue attaches to bones and is responsible for producing body movements.

A) Skeletal muscle
B) Neural
C) Epithelial
D) Smooth muscle
E) Connective

Question 38

____ glands lack ducts.

A) Endocrine
B) Muscular
C) Nervous
D) Exocrine
E) Connective

Question 39

Cells that comprise ____ tissue have gap junctions, a single nucleus, and many mitochondria; in addition, this tissue is striated and functions involuntarily.

A) skeletal muscle
B) smooth muscle
C) cardiac muscle
D) striated columnar epithelium
E) nervous

Question 40

____ tissue allows the body to detect and respond to internal and external changes.

A) Nervous
B) Adipose
C) Epithelial
D) Connective
E) Skeletal muscle

Question 41

The ____ system is responsible for mineral storage in the body.

A) circulatory
B) digestive
C) respiratory
D) skeletal
E) urinary

Question 42

The ____ function(s) as the body's thermostat.

A) glands
B) muscles
C) brain stem
D) sensory receptors
E) hypothalamus

Question 43

A ____ will cause the skeletal muscles to contract rapidly to produce the shivering response.

A) decrease in body temperature
B) increase in body temperature
C) electrical stimulus
D) mechanical stimulus
E) chemical stimulus

Question 44

When pH levels in the blood get too low, chemical buffers are released that return blood pH back to normal levels. This is an example of ___.

A) negative feedback
B) positive feedback
C) ectothermal reactions
D) sensory perception
E) endothermal reactions

Question 45

A(n) ____ causes the blood vessels of the skin to relax and increase in diameter.

A) decrease in body temperature
B) increase in body temperature
C) electrical stimulus
D) mechanical stimulus
E) chemical stimulus

Question 46

____ in the skin protects us from harmful ultraviolet light energy.

A) Keratin
B) Collagen
C) Elastin
D) Myosin
E) Melanin

Question 47

____ would most likely lead to a rapid decrease in body temperature.

A) Cutting the grass
B) Exercising
C) Falling through the ice
D) Getting the flu
E) Entering an air conditioned building

Question 48

The ____ system is responsible for delivering nutrients and oxygen throughout the body.

A) circulatory
B) digestive
C) respiratory
D) skeletal
E) urinary

Question 49

A(n) ____ mechanism controls body temperature in the human body by reversing the body's attempt to generate heat when body temperature rises.

A) positive feedback
B) inhibition
C) negative feedback
D) cyclical feedback
E) homeostasis

Question 50

The accumulation of dead keratinocytes and the protein ____ on the skin surface forms a waterproof barrier.

A) collagen
B) elastin
C) keratin
D) albumin
E) myosin

Question 51

Sensory information is received by the ____.

A) brain
B) muscle
C) gland
D) skin
E) heart

Question 52

The ____ system delivers nutrients and oxygen to the cells.

A) respiratory
B) urinary
C) digestive
D) lymphatic
E) circulatory

Question 53

Loose connective tissue is found in the ____ of skin.

A) epidermis
B) dermis
C) hypodermis
D) glandular portion
E) hairy portion

Question 54

In what order would a vaccination needle pass through the layers of the skin?

A) dermis → hypodermis → epidermis
B) dermis → epidermis → hypodermis
C) hypodermis → dermis → epidermis
D) epidermis → dermis → hypodermis
E) epidermis → hypodermis → dermis

Question 55

A sweat gland is an example of a(n) ____ gland.

A) exocrine
B) endocrine
C) sensory
D) dermal
E) follicle

Question 56

The ____ system is responsible for capturing nutrients from food.

A) circulatory
B) digestive
C) respiratory
D) skeletal
E) urinary

Question 57

The ____ system is responsible for filtering wastes from the blood.

A) respiratory
B) urinary
C) digestive
D) endocrine
E) circulatory

Question 58

The ____ is the largest organ in the human body.

A) brain
B) lungs
C) liver
D) stomach
E) skin

Question 59

Sensory information is acted upon by the ____, which send(s) signals to muscles and glands to elicit a response.

A) skin
B) ears
C) intestinal organs
D) brain
E) heart

Question 60

Most epidermal cells are ___.

A) melanocytes
B) keratinocytes
C) collagenocytes
D) neuroglia
E) striated

Question 62

Only ____ can be voluntarily controlled.

A) skeletal muscles
B) cardiac muscles
C) smooth muscles
D) dense connective tissue
E) loose connective tissue

Question 64

The organization of _____ allows this tissue to stretch in response to physical activity.

A) tissue A
B) tissue B
C) tissue C
D) tissue D
E) tissue E

Question 66

A/the ____ detects a stimulus and sends this information to the nervous system.

A) gland
B) muscle
C) brain stem
D) sensory receptor
E) hypothalamus

Question 68

Evaporation of sweat helps ____ a(n) ____ body temperature.

A) lower; depressed
B) raise; depressed
C) lower; elevated
D) raise; elevated
E) maintain; average

Question 69

In the given figure, ____ is responsible for soft tissue support.

A) tissue A
B) tissue B
C) tissue C
D) tissue D
E) tissue E

Question 70

In the given figure, ____ is responsible for producing cells needed to defend the body.

A) tissue C
B) tissue D
C) tissue E
D) tissue F
E) tissue G

Question 71

In 2011, clinical medical trials using _____ to replace diseased cells in the eyes of blind patients showed some success of restoring vision.

A) bone marrow cells
B) central disk cells
C) nervous tissue
D) embryonic stem cells
E) induced pluripotent stem cells

Question 72

____ tissue can be thought of as analogous to a central switchboard.

A) Epithelial
B) Connective
C) Nervous
D) Muscle
E) Endocrine

Question 73

____ have a body temperature different from that of their surroundings.

A) Endotherms
B) Ectotherms
C) Mice
D) Humans
E) Birds

Question 74

Because they are capable of regenerating a complete body from an arm and a piece of the central disk, sea stars must contain many ____.

A) blood cells
B) stem cells
C) differentiated cells
D) marrow cells
E) embryonic cells