Deck 5: Gases

Question 1

According to Boyle's law, at constant temperature, pressure and volume are inversely proportional.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

At absolute zero temperature, only monatomic hydrogen maintains some degree of movement.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

Methane makes up the majority of natural gas.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

The SI unit for pressure is _____.

A)psi
B)Pa
C)ft-lb
D)N

Question 5

If 3.2 L of CO₂is contained at a pressure of 1.08 atm, the gas will have a pressure of _____ if the volume is increased to 5.1 L at a constant temperature.

A)1.7 atm
B)0.68 atm
C)1.2 atm
D)0.83 atm

Question 6

Which of the following statements is true of the states of matter?

A)Gases have a constant volume across all temperatures.
B)Gases mix with one another readily and thoroughly.
C)Liquids change volume faster than gases at STP.
D)Liquids have much higher densities than solids.

Question 7

Dalton's law of partial pressures states that the pressure of a mixture of gases is the sum of the partial pressures of the component gases .

Question 8

The collapse of a helium balloon as it leaves the warmth of a florist shop for a sub-zero February morning is best explained by Charles's law.

Question 9

Which of the following statements is true in the context of d rilling for and processing natural gas?

A)Natural gases do not change their densities when they are extracted at different atmospheric conditions.
B)Natural gas liquids, released in the process, do not change volume with changing temperature.
C)Methane that escapes at any point in the process tends to disperse into the atmosphere .
D)Methane is extracted separately because it does not mix with natural gas liquids.

Question 10

Before heading out onto a lake for a fishing trip, an angler checks the barometer. The pressure reads 29.82 inches of Hg. This corresponds to a pressure of  _____.

A)0.605 atm
B)15.6 atm
C)311 atm
D)0.997 atm

Question 11

A pressure of 20.6 kPa corresponds to a pressure reading of approximately _____.

A)65.2 mm Hg
B)111 mm Hg
C)97.8 mm Hg
D)155 mm Hg

Question 12

If a gas stored in a fixed metal cylinder is heated, the pressure inside the cylinder will _____.

A)increase
B)remain the same
C)decrease
D)fluctuate about a mean value

Question 13

One of the key components of the kinetic-molecular theory is the statement that the average kinetic energy of the particles in a gas is proportional to the absolute temperature of the gas and does not depend on the identity of the gas .

Question 14

Charles's law states that, as the temperature of a gas increases under constant pressure, the volume of the gas will decrease.

Question 15

A mole of any gaseous species occupies a volume of 22.4 L at standard temperature and pressure.

Question 16

Natural gas is a pure substance.

Question 17

According to the ideal gas law, as the temperature of a gas increases at a constant volume, the pressure of the gas will _____.

A)increase
B)remain the same
C)decrease
D)fluctuate about the original mean

Question 18

According to the ideal gas law, at constant temperature, the volume of a gas will _____ with an increase in pressure .

A)increase
B)remain the same
C)decrease
D)fluctuate about a mean value

Question 19

Which of the following is not a property of gases?

A)They expand to fill the volume of a container.
B)Their densities are much lower than those of solids and liquids.
C)They do not mix with one another.
D)They change volumes with temperature fluctuations.

Question 20

Avogadro's law states that the volume of a gas is inversely proportional to the number of molecules (or moles)of gas present.

Question 21

If a deep-sea diver ascends to the surface (1 atm)from a pressure of 5 atm, the volume of the dissolved gas bubbles in the diver ' s blood will increase by a factor of ____ during the ascent.

A)1
B)5
C)10
D)15

Question 22

What is the total pressure of a 20.0 L vessel at 30.0 ° C holding 11.6 g N₂, 6.8 g O₂, and 5.3 g of He?

A)1.6 atm
B)2.0 atm
C)2.4 atm
D)3.2 atm

Question 23

The density (in g\L)of xenon (Xe)gas at 540 torr and 1150 K is _____.

A)0.988 g\L
B)1.26 g\L
C)1.73 g\L
D)2.56 g\L

Question 24

A fertilizer manufacturer uses the reaction between hydrogen and nitrogen to create ammonia (assume no other reactants or products). If 9.5 × 10³moles of hydrogen and 1.7 × 10³moles of nitrogen react at 277 K and 1.25 atm, what volume of ammonia is produced?

A)2.1 × 10⁴L
B)3.0 × 10⁴L
C)6.2 × 10⁴L
D)1.9 × 10⁵L

Question 25

An unknown volatile liquid is vaporized at 110 ° C and 0.920 atm. If the vaporization produces 271 mL of vapor with a mass of 1.314 g, what is the approximate molar mass of this compound ?

A)0.886 g\mol
B)1.62 g\mol
C)73.9 g\mol
D)166 g\mol

Question 26

A sample of argon gas has a mass of 1.9511 g and occupies a volume of 5.0 L at 20.0 ° C. What is the pressure of this gas ?

A)8.33 × 10²atm
B)0.316 atm
C)1.03 atm
D)0.235 atm

Question 27

A temperature of 400 K corresponds to a temperature of _____.

A)200 ° C
B)− 73 ° C
C)673 ° C
D)127 ° C

Question 28

If an angioplasty balloon has a volume of 0.85 cm³and contains an inert gas mixture at 0.95 atm at room temperature (20 ° C), what is the resulting pressure of the balloon if the temperature is increased to 37 ° C and the volume is reduced to 0.50 cm³?

A)1.2 atm
B)1.1 atm
C)1.7 atm
D)1.0 atm

Question 29

Consider the following reaction of the commercial production of SO ₃ using sulfur dioxide and oxygen: ​
SO₂(g)+ O₂(g)→ SO₃(g)
​
If 5.3 L of sulfur dioxide and 4.7 L of oxygen are mixed, how much sulfur trioxide may be produced if all gases are at STP?

A)5.3 L
B)6.1 L
C)10.0 L
D)21 L

Question 30

A motorist discovers that her auto tire measures 29.2 psi rather than the recommended 35 psi. If the tire' s volume is assumed constant at 11.6 L and the temperature is 45 ° F at the filling station, how many moles of air will the motorist need to add to bring the tire to 35 psi? (assume 1.00 atm = 14.7 psi )

A)0.5 moles
B)0.2 moles
C)1.2 moles
D)1.5 moles

Question 31

Carbon dioxide gas is collected in a laboratory experiment to determine the molar mass of the compound. At 294 K and 1.01 atm, 1.008 g of CO₂was collected when a 500 mL flask was filled with the evolved CO₂. What is the experimental molar mass of CO₂?

A)41.5 g\mol
B)44.0 g\mol
C)46.9 g\mol
D)48.2 g\mol

Question 32

A 2.0 L vessel is filled with 7.3 × 10 ^{− 2} mol hydrogen at 1.55 atm. The approximate temperature of this gas is _____.

A)640 K
B)1200 K
C)520 K
D)2800 K

Question 33

How much ideal gas is present in a 50.6 L sample at 35 ° C and 875 torr ?

A)1.95 mol
B)2.30 mol
C)4.63 mol
D)13.6 mol

Question 34

A piston is holding 125 mL of gases at a temperature of 300 K and a pressure of 2.39 atm. What is the volume of the gases if the temperature is increased to 500K and the pressure falls to 2.15 atm?

A)125 mL
B)139 mL
C)208 mL
D)231 mL

Question 35

A particular pair of human lungs has a volume of 2 L when inflated. At this volume, the temperature inside the lungs is 98.6 ° F. If the temperature of the air outside the lungs is 45.0 ° F, what volume of outside air is being inhaled and warmed ?

A)0.4 L
B)0.9 L
C)1.4 L
D)1.8 L

Question 36

What is the mass of 2.3 L of chlorine gas at standard temperature and pressure ( STP )?

A)3.6 g
B)16.1 g
C)7.3 g
D)8.1 g

Question 37

During a manufacturing process, a pocket of gases at 250 ° C formed a bubble inside a liquid mass. The bubble had a volume of 325 mL at the time of its formation. What is the volume of this bubble considering that the product is in a 20 ° C storage facility?

A)26 mL
B)84 mL
C)117 mL
D)182 mL

Question 38

A 2.5 L helium balloon is filled at a florist's shop. If the temperature inside the shop is 68 ° F, what volume will the helium occupy after being left in an automobile at − 5 ° F in the parking lot for the day?

A)1.6 L
B)− 0.18 L
C)2.15 L
D)5.0 L

Question 39

At constant temperature and volume, 3.8 × 10 ^{− 3} moles of helium is added to a 1.0 L sample of xenon at 0.081 atm and 325 K. What is the total pressure of the gas mix?

A)0.072 atm
B)0.18 atm
C)0.21 atm
D)0.25 atm

Question 40

The density (in g\L)of helium (He)gas at 694 torr and 719 K is _____.

A)0.0619 g\L
B)3.81 g\L
C)2.06 g\L
D)0.206 g\L

Question 41

Unlike solids and liquids, gases change significantly when the conditions in which they are found are altered .

Question 42

The average distance a particle travels between collisions with other particles is the _____.

A)mean free path
B)average kinetic energy
C)Van Deemter distance
D)Bosman span

Question 43

Increasing the energy of gas molecules inside a closed container results in :

A)a temperature drop at the surface of the container.
B)an increase in collisions of molecules with the walls of the container.
C)a pressure-drop inside the container.
D)a decrease in collisions of molecules with the walls of the container.

Question 44

What is the partial pressure of hydrogen in a 100.0 L vessel at 10.0 ° C holding 11.6 g H₂, 6.8 g Ar, and 5.3 g of He?

A)1.62 atm
B)1.35 atm
C)2.41 atm
D)5.73 atm

Question 45

If " n" is the number of moles of a gas, "P" is the pressure of the gas, "V" is the volume of the gas, and "T" is the temperature of the gas, which of the following expressions best illustrates Avogadro's law ?

A)V ∝ n
B)P ∝ n
C)P ∝ T
D)V ∝ P

Question 46

Consider a room that is 16 ft × 24 ft with a 9 ft ceiling. How many molecules of air are present in this room at 20°C and 760 torr ?

A)5.2 × 10 ²⁵ molecules
B)3.2 × 10 ²⁶ molecules
C)1.88 × 10 ²⁷ molecules
D)7.34 × 10 ²⁸ molecules

Question 47

In which of the following cases does the ideal gas law begin to break down ?

A)When the attractive forces between molecules become significant
B)When the gases are at very low temperatures
C)When the gases are at very high pressures
D)All of the above.

Question 48

Which of the following devices can measure force produced by molecular collisions at pressures as low as 10 ^{− 11} torr ?

A)Barometer
B)Capacitance manometer
C)Thermocouple gauge
D)Ionization Gauge

Question 49

For a closed system, as the temperature of a gas increases, the area under the Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution curve :

A)increases.
B)remains the same.
C)decreases.
D)multiplies by a constant.

Question 50

In the context of processing of natural gas, methane is one of the natural gas liquids .