Deck 18: Lipids

Question 1

How would the following structure be best classified?

A)fatty acid
B)wax
C)prostaglandin
D)sphingolipid

Answer 1

prostaglandin

Question 2

Phosphoglycerides differ from glycerides in that one of the hydroxyl groups of glycerol is esterified with _____.

A)phosphoric acid
B)phosphorus
C)choline
D)serine

Answer 2

phosphoric acid

Question 3

Waxes differ from fats and oils in that

A)no fatty acids are produced upon hydrolysis.
B)they are not easily hydrolyzed.
C)the alcohol produced upon hydrolysis is not glycerol.
D)More than one response is correct.

Answer 3

More than one response is correct.

Question 4

Which of the following fatty acids has the lowest melting point?

A)C₁₉H₃₉COOH
B)C₁₇H₃₃COOH
C)C₁₇H₂₉COOH
D)C₁₇H₃₁COOH

Question 5

What type of compound is the second product in the reaction shown below?

A)fatty acid salt
B)ester
C)alcohol
D)fatty acid

Question 6

Which of the following fatty acids is most likely to be found in an oil?

A)CH₃(CH₂)₁₆COOH
B)CH₃(CH₂)₂₀COOH
C)CH₃(CH₂)₇CH=CH(CH₂)₇COOH
D)CH₃(CH₂)₁₈COOH

Question 7

Glycerol is an example of a(n)_____.

A)alcohol
B)ester
C)carboxylic acid
D)ether

Question 8

Which of the following fatty acids has the highest melting point?

A)C₁₁H₂₃COOH
B)C₁₃H₂₇COOH
C)C₁₅H₃₁COOH
D)C₁₇H₃₅COOH

Question 9

Biologically significant fatty acids usually have ____.

A)an odd number of carbon atoms
B)an even number of carbon atoms
C)an odd number of oxygen atoms
D)an odd number of oxygen atoms and an odd number of carbon atoms

Question 10

Which of the following lipids is classified as saponifiable?

A)a terpene
B)a steroid
C)a sphingolipid
D)a prostaglandin

Question 11

The most abundant naturally occurring lipids are  ____.

A)prostaglandins
B)fats and oils
C)steroids
D)waxes

Question 12

The products of hydrolysis of a wax include a fatty acid and

A)glycerol.
B)a long chain alcohol.
C)an ester.
D)More than one response is correct

Question 13

Which reaction is involved in preparing margarine from corn oil?

A)hydrolysis
B)hydrogenation
C)saponification
D)esterification

Question 14

Which of the following is a characteristic of a lipid?

A)Most lipids are soluble in water.
B)Most lipids are waxy.
C)Lipids are found only in animals.
D)Most lipids are high density.

Question 15

A functional group present in fats is a(n)_____.

A)alcohol
B)ester
C)carboxylic acid
D)aldehyde

Question 16

A lipid is hydrolyzed to form a mixture of fatty acids, glycerol and phosphate as the products. The lipid would be classified as ______.

A)simple
B)complex
C)nonsaponifiable
D)miscellaneous

Question 17

One of the products of hydrolysis of a fat is a(n)_____.

A)aldehyde
B)glycerol
C)ester
D)ketone

Question 18

A phosphoglyceride containing a choline component is called a _____.

A)sphingolipid
B)cephaline
C)glycolipid
D)lecithin

Question 19

An example of a simple lipid is a _____.

A)wax
B)terpene
C)steroid
D)phospholipid

Question 20

Lipid oils are usually obtained from _____

A).plant sources
B)animal sources
C)both plant and animal sources
D)neither plant nor animal sources

Question 21

Membrane-enclosed bodies within eukaryotic cells are called _____.

A)prokaryotes
B)eukaryotes
C)organelles
D)micelles

Question 22

Which of the following hormones is an anabolic steroid?

A)estrogen
B)testosterone
C)progesterone
D)estradoil

Question 23

Prostaglandins are ___.

A)produced by the prostate gland and have a hormone function
B)involved in the reproductive processes of the human female
C)inhibited by the drug aspirin
D)all of these responses are correct

Question 24

Upon hydrolysis, which of the following lipids would yield a carbohydrate as a product?

A)phosphoglycerides
B)lecithins
C)cephalins
D)glycolipids

Question 25

The main function of bile salts is to

A)stimulate the absorption of minerals through the intestinal wall.
B)emulsify lipids in the digestive tract.
C)provide a pathway for lowering cholesterol levels.
D)serve as hormonal agents in the digestive process.

Question 26

The most common ring found in a prostaglandin is _____.

A)cyclohexane
B)cyclopentane
C)phenanthrene
D)pyran

Question 27

What are the risks of estrogen therapy?

A)breast cancer
B)endometrial cancer
C)increased cholesterol
D)breast cancer and endometrial cancer

Question 28

Fatty acids present as components in cell membrane are often _____.

A)saturated
B)unsaturated
C)short chained
D)branched

Question 29

The function of this cellular organelle is the synthesis of proteins, lipids, and other substances.

A)endoplasmic reticulum
B)lysosome
C)mitochondria
D)nucleus

Question 30

Which of the following components is present in a cephalin?

A)choline
B)galactose
C)serine
D)sphingomyelin

Question 31

The hormone that helps to regulate the level of sodium ions in the blood is _____.

A)aldosterone
B)vasopressin
C)insulin
D)progesterone

Question 32

A hormone important in egg development in the ovaries is _____.

A)prednisolone
B)estradiol
C)ethynodiol
D)oxytocin

Question 33

Sphingolipids contain the amino alcohol _____.

A)sphingosine
B)glycerol
C)serine
D)ethanolamine

Question 34

Which of the following are male sex hormones?

A)androgens
B)estrogens
C)progesterones
D)estrones

Question 35

An example of an endocrine gland is the _____.

A)liver
B)gallbladder
C)pancreas
D)heart

Question 36

Steroids are classified as lipids because they have this distinguishing feature.

A)dissolve in nonpolar solvents
B)are present in biological materials
C)can be saponified
D)have a ring structure

Question 37

Phosphoglycerides which play an important role in blood clotting are _____.

A)lecithins
B)cephalins
C)glycolipids
D)inositols

Question 38

Adrenocorticoids are

A)steroid hormones.
B)increased glucose in the body.
C)include testosterone.
D)a cause of nerve inflammation.

Question 39

Glycolipids are abundant in which tissue?

A)muscle
B)brain
C)heart
D)liver

Question 40

One feature of the fluid mosaic model of membrane structure is called the _____.

A)microfilament
B)pleated sheet
C)hydrophilic sheet
D)lipid bilayer

Question 41

The following structure is an example of what type of lipid?

A)wax
B)oil
C)steroid
D)fat

Question 42

Which of the following class of materials is associated with the treatment of asthma?

A)sphingolipids
B)phosphoglycerides
C)prostoglandins
D)tirglycerides

Question 43

Consider the figure below.  To produce a cephalin, which of the species listed below might be used to replace the fatty acid shown in the box?

A)
B)
C)
D)

Question 44

A wax is comprised of a long chain alcohol and a

A)long chain fatty acid.
B)micelle.
C)short chain alcohol.
D)long chain ester.

Question 45

The structure below would be correctly be classified as a(n)______.

A)sphingolipid
B)phosphoglyceride
C)cephalin
D)Sphingolipid

Question 46

This molecule is a triester of glycerol in which all three alcohol groups are esterified.

A)phosphoglyceride
B)micelle
C)phospholipid
D)triglyceride

Question 47

Which of the following is an essential fatty acid?

A)linoleic acid
B)steric acid
C)lauric acid
D)palmitic acid

Question 48

Trans fatty acids are obtained from _____.

A)fats
B)oils
C)churned butter
D)hydrogenated vegetable oil

Question 49

This cellular organelle contains DNA which directs protein synthesis.

A)endoplasmic reticulum
B)lysosome
C)Golgi apparatus
D)nucleus

Question 50

The products of the reaction of a triglyceride with 3 M NaOH could be converted to the products of the hydrolysis of the same triglyceride by the

A)addition of water.
B)addition of acid.
C)addition of more base.
D)The conversion cannot be done.

Question 51

Prednisolone, an anti-inflammatory, is a glucocorticoid and therefore would be expected to be represented by which of the following structures?

A)
B)
C)
D)

Question 52

Consider the figure below.  To produce a cerebroside, which of the species listed might be placed in the box?

A)
B)
C)
D)

Question 53

The function of this cellular organelle is cellular respiration and energy production.

A)endoplasmic reticulum
B)lysosome
C)mitochondria
D)nucleus

Question 54

What is the function of a lysosome, a cellular organelle?

A)synthesis of proteins, lipids and other substances
B)cellular respiration and energy production
C)digestion of substances taken into a cell
D)cellular movements

Question 55

How many moles of hydrogen would be need to completely hydrogenate two moles of arachidonic acid (shown below)in the presence of a Ni catalyst? CH₃(CH₂)₄(CH=CH₂)₄(CH₂)₂COOH

A)1 mole H₂
B)4 moles H₂
C)2 moles H₂
D)8 moles H₂

Question 56

Methandrostenolone, a common anabolic steroid, will have what possible side effect if taken frequently?

A)testicular atrophy
B)acne
C)liver tumors
D)all the choices

Question 57

The function of this cellular organelle is the digestion of substances taken into the cell.

A)endoplasmic reticulum
B)lysosome
C)mitochondria
D)nucleus

Question 58

Which of the following liproproteins are used to transport fat from the intestines to the liver?

A)chylomicrons
B)VLDL
C)LDL
D)HDL

Question 59

Cholesterol, the most abundant steroid in the body, can not be found in which of the following sources?

A)green beans
B)eggs
C)butter
D)milk

Question 60

Which of the following class of materials can be used as an emulsifying agent?

A)sphingomyelins
B)phosphoglycerides
C)thromboxanes
D)leukotrienes

Question 61

Prostaglandins are synthesized in the body from steroids.

Question 62

Phospholipids found in plants are produced by those cells exposed to air in order to keep the plant from losing too much water.

Question 63

The most abundant steroid in the body is cholesterol.

Question 64

If a vegetable oil is completely hydrogenated, the product is a solid rather than a liquid.

Question 65

Triglycerides are examples of simple lipids.

Question 66

Fats are saponifiable lipids.

Question 67

Which lipoprotein is associated with the term 'good cholesterol'?

A)chylomicron
B)VLDL
C)LDL
D)HDL

Question 68

Lipids are produced by animals and are hydrophilic compounds.

Question 69

Fatty acid micelles in water usually have the hydrophilic groups on the outside of the structure.

Question 70

Estrogen is a male sex hormone.

Question 71

Gasoline could be classified as a lipid.

Question 72

Biodiesel is a fuel that is derived from specific types of resources.  Which of the following would not be considered a good source for biodiesel?

A)beef fat
B)corn oil
C)microalgae
D)shale oil

Question 73

Prostaglandins are similar to bile salts in their function in the body.

Question 74

Cell membranes are about 60% lipids.

Question 75

Both fats and oils produce glycerol and fatty acids when hydrolyzed in an acid solution.

Question 76

The flexibility of cell membranes is due to strong hydrogen bonding between lipids.

Question 77

The glycolipids are different from the other lipids because they are found exclusively in the liver.

Question 78

The animal fats are classified as esters because of the way they are chemically produced.

Question 79

Unsaturated fats must contain at least one double bond in the carbon skeleton.

Question 80

The pancreas produces cortisone.