Deck 37: Oceania Before 1980

Question 1

Figure carvings on a Maori meetinghouse represent which of the following?

A) Navigation charts
B) Local landscapes
C) Real and mythological ancestors
D) Historical events

Answer 1

C

Question 2

The abstract patterns found on the men's ceremonial houses of Belau refer to which of the following?

A) The rooster
B) Shell money
C) The sun
D) The gods

Answer 2

B

Question 3

The word tattoo is of what origin?

A) Melanesian
B) Micronesian
C) Polynesian
D) Australian

Answer 3

C

Question 4

The concept of the Dreamings is associated with the indigenous peoples of which area?

A) New Guinea
B) New Ireland
C) Polynesia
D) Australia

Question 5

Which date range have researchers assigned to the earliest Australian sites?

A) 3,000 or more years
B) 100,000 or more years
C) 500,000 or more years
D) 40,000 or more years

Question 6

In Asmat society, pledges to avenge the death of a relative are embodied in which art form?

A) Totem pole
B) Tatanua masks
C) Barge board
D) Bisj pole

Question 7

Because of the structure of the social hierarchy, which group historically owned art in Polynesia?

A) Elders
B) Men
C) Women
D) Nobility

Question 8

The Asmat have a rich artistic vocabulary of visual symbols in which the female praying mantis is meant to have what meaning?

A) Fertility
B) Female power
C) Headhunting
D) Family

Question 9

Which Polynesian group engages in barkcloth weaving and decorating?

A) Hawaii
B) Rapa Nui
C) Tonga
D) Marquesas Islands

Question 10

The last island(s) of Oceania to be settled (pre-European contact) were which of the following?

A) Melanesia
B) Micronesia
C) Polynesia
D) Australia

Question 11

The Asmat see the human body as a tree in which the feet are the roots, the arms are the branches, and the head is what?

A) Trunk
B) Leaves
C) Fruit
D) Bark

Question 12

The moai of Rapa Nui, serving as silent sentinels on stone platforms, are believed to depict which beings?

A) Individual portraits
B) Sacred earth gods
C) Original islanders
D) Ancestral chiefs

Question 13

The Abelam culture of Papua New Guinea is centered on which of the following?

A) Fishing
B) Hunting
C) Yam cultivation
D) Palm tree cultivation

Question 14

The Trobriand Islanders' great skill in carving is most evident in which art form?

A) Door lintels
B) Canoe prow
C) Men's houses
D) Stone moai

Question 15

The overall form of the ceremonial men's house of the Iatmul in Papua New Guinea is meant to reference which of the following?

A) Praying mantis
B) Headhunting
C) Female ancestor
D) Yam cultivation

Question 16

Which of the following describes the function of tatanua masks in malanggan mortuary ceremonies?

A) They represent spirits of the legendary great ancestors.
B) They represent the spirit of the god Malanggan.
C) They represent spirits of specific deceased people.
D) They represent nature spirits in flora and fauna.

Question 17

The decorated storyboards on Belau ceremonial houses (bai) include which figure as a warning to women to keep out of the structure?

A) Rooster
B) Deity Blellek
C) Dilukai
D) Wharenui

Question 18

Aside from serving as instruments of communication, what other function did the Iatmul slit-gongs have?

A) They reproduced sounds from nature.
B) They led musical performances.
C) They were voices of ancestral spirits.
D) They represented voices of the gods.

Question 19

European colonization of the Pacific Islands reached its zenith during which century?

A) 20th century
B) 16th century
C) 18th century
D) 19th century

Question 20

Women in Oceanic societies took part in creating which of the following art forms?

A) Masks
B) Pottery
C) Relief carvings
D) Canoe prows

Question 21

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Who would have worn this Abelam mask?

A) Eldest women
B) Uninitiated males
C) Canoe prow
D) Long yams

Question 22

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What is the term for this figure, placed over the entrance of a Belau bai as a means of invoking fertility and protection?

A) Manulua
B) Dilukai
C) Kautaha
D) Tatanua

Question 23

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Which Oceanic people built this structure?

A) Australian Aboriginal
B) Elema
C) Maori
D) Tonga

Question 24

Which medium forms the basis of the majority of Australian Aboriginal art?

A) Mangrove wood
B) Feathers
C) Volcanic stone
D) Bark

Question 25

What was the final phase in the use of the colossal masks made for the Hevehe ceremony?

A) Worn in dramatic procession
B) Worn in communal dancing
C) Ritually killed and burned
D) Clans designs drawn on masks

Question 26

The mana of Polynesian art objects is best described as what?

A) Ownership history
B) Spiritual power
C) Value of materials
D) Gender association

Question 27

The painted-gable storyboards on Belau ceremonial houses provide information about which of the following?

A) Formation of the Caroline Islands
B) Religious practices in Micronesia
C) Important clan events
D) Creation myths of the group

Question 28

The helmet masks made of wood, fiber, and rattan that are worn in the malanggan rites to represent deceased people are referred to by what term?

A) Kautaha
B) Kupesi
C) Abelam
D) Tatanua

Question 29

The shape of the Iatmul men's ceremonial house is meant to represent what?

A) Male ancestor
B) Female ancestor
C) Sea turtle
D) Creation god

Question 30

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This uli statue from New Ireland was used in a malanggan ceremony that had what as its focus?

A) Fertility rite
B) Female education
C) Ancestor cult
D) Blessing on travel

Question 31

The artworks of the Abelam people are focused on which aspect of human life?

A) Spiritual beliefs
B) Basic subsistence
C) Human fertility
D) Generational education

Question 32

The Hevehe ceremonial cycle of the Elema people lasted for how long?

A) 1 week
B) 6 months
C) 100 years
D) 10 to 20 years

Question 33

Which element of a Maori men's meeting house is known to be manufactured by women?

A) Freestanding wooden figures
B) Stitched lattice panels
C) Exterior barge boards
D) Carved relief panels

Question 34

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Trobriand Islanders participating in kula exchanges used the illustrated object for what purpose?

A) As a seat during exchange interaction
B) To decorate and protect canoes
C) As a hook to suspend ceremonial garments
D) To mark out the sacred ceremonial space

Question 35

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How many moai figures have been documented on the island of Rapa Nui?

A) 10,000
B) 200
C) 50
D) 1,000

Question 36

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What people created this structure, and where is it located?

A) Maori, Poverty Bay, New Zealand
B) Iatmul, East Sepik, Papua New Guinea
C) Elema, Orokolo Bay, Melanesia
D) Belau, Caroline Islands, Micronesia

Question 37

Which of the following is NOT the term for a male community house among the peoples of Melanesia?

A) Eravo
B) Abelam
C) Korambo
D) Dilukai

Question 38

The men's ceremonial houses of the Belau are different from Melanesian ceremonial houses in being made of what material?

A) Woven grasses and saplings
B) Worked and fitted wood
C) Roughly shaped tree trunks
D) Mud and stone

Question 39

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The canoe prow ornament illustrated here is meant to show what design?

A) Seagulls
B) Stylized serpent
C) Sea swallows or stylized human
D) Ceremonial house

Question 40

What was done with the elaborate mangrove wood bisj poles created by the Asmat people before a retaliatory raid against another group?

A) Built into meeting house
B) Stored carefully guarded shelters
C) Systematically discarded
D) Used as oars on long canoes

Question 41

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The stance and expression of this Hawaiian figure support its identification as what?

A) War god Kamehameha
B) Agricultural god Lono
C) Creator god Tangaroa
D) War god Kuka'ilimoku

Question 42

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What is the meaning of the relief decorations covering the body of this Rurutu figure of the god A'a?

A) The world's first animals
B) All his progeny, gods and men
C) The various stages of the human life span
D) Warriors who protect the land of Rurutu

Question 43

The Tonga produce barkcloth from what material?

A) Mangrove
B) Paper mulberry tree
C) Wild hibiscus
D) Palm tree

Question 44

In the stratified societies of Polynesia, which artistic genre served to indicate rank and status?

A) Prow ornament
B) Barge board
C) Bisj poles
D) Tattoo

Question 45

Protective ornaments in the form of carvings of exalted ancestor figures are called what?

A) Moko
B) Kula
C) Tapa
D) Tiki

Question 46

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In the Marquesas Islands, what was the function of ivi p'o such as the ones illustrated?

A) Finger rings
B) Hair ornaments
C) Drinking cups
D) Pigment holders

Question 47

The Hawaiian cloak worn by Kamehameha III provided the wearer with the gods' protection and was made of what rare material?

A) Silk
B) Ngatu
C) Feathers
D) Coral

Question 48

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What is represented by the seven figures projecting from beneath the head of the Rarotonga staff god?

A) The seven winds that direct navigation
B) The seven historical ages of humanity
C) The seven islands inhabited by the Rarotonga
D) The seven successive generations of humans

Question 49

Which people developed the most stratified society of all of those in the Pacific region?

A) Maori
B) Trobriand Islands
C) Hawaii
D) Tonga

Question 50

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Which of the following is NOT one of the steps in the production of decorated barkcloth (ngatu)?

A) Dyeing
B) Heating
C) Painting
D) Felting