Deck 7: The Roman Empire

Question 1

The Emperor Trajan commissioned which of the following?

A) The Colosseum
B) The Ara Pacis
C) A large harbor
D) A narrative relief column

Answer 1

D

Question 2

Which of the following best describes the subject of Fourth Style Roman wall painting?

A) Architectural vistas
B) Linear fanatasies
C) Stone panels
D) Mixture of previous styles

Answer 2

D

Question 3

Which of the following statements best characterizes the narrative scenes on the Column of Trajan?

A) Trajan rarely appears among his soldiers.
B) Dacians are shown to have few military skills.
C) The story is idealized and mythologized.
D) Battle scenes take up a quarter of the whole.

Answer 3

D

Question 4

The Pantheon was one of the most influential designs in the history of architecture. It brought new meaning to the concept of "architectural space." Which of the following descriptions best characterizes the design of the Pantheon?

A) It is based on the intersection of two squares.
B) It is based on the intersection of a circle and a rectangle.
C) It is based on sections of an ellipse.
D) It is based on the intersection of two circles.

Question 5

The Sanctuary of Fortuna Primigenia relied on which structural component?

A) Long stretches of post-and-lintel groups
B) Monumental concrete barrel vaults
C) Ashlar masonry overlaid by plaster
D) Interwoven apsidal and rectangular forms

Question 6

What was emphasized in Flavian portraits, in a departure from Republican portraiture?

A) Roman virtues and nobility
B) The divine nature of the sitter
C) The full Roman ancestry of the sitter
D) Beauty shown through current fashion trends

Question 7

What did First Style wall painting at Pompeii imitate?

A) Mosaic panels
B) Theater scenery
C) Costly marble panels
D) Cyclopean masonry

Question 8

Which Roman temple design during the Republican period reflected the colossal design of the Greek Hellenistic style?

A) Temple of Portunus, Rome
B) Temple of Vesta, Tivoli
C) Sanctuary of Fortuna Primigenia, Palestrina
D) Pantheon, Rome

Question 9

Which structural material made it possible for the architect of the Sanctuary of Fortuna Primigenia to create such a colossal structure?

A) Marble
B) Concrete
C) Metal armatures
D) Mud-brick

Question 10

Pompeian wall paintings of the Second Style are characterized by which of the following?

A) Painted copies of inlaid stonework
B) Walls dissolving into an illusionistic landscape
C) Fantastical architecture based on the theater
D) Decoratively painted architectural sections

Question 11

Which of the following architectural terms describes the Temple of Portunus, Rome?

A) Dipteral
B) Pseudoperipteral
C) Distyle in antis
D) Peripteral

Question 12

Which of the following structures, located in the forum, housed the law court for a Roman city?

A) Stoa
B) Temple
C) Rostrum
D) Basilica

Question 13

Which of the following was the first to break with tradition and use his portrait on Roman coinage?

A) Caesar Augustus
B) Julius Caesar
C) Tarquinius Superbus
D) Mark Antony

Question 14

How did the architect use architectural elements in the facade of Al-Khazneh (the "Treasury") at Petra?

A) With careful regard for classical conventions
B) In a purely ornamental fashion
C) To highlight its function as a temple
D) In a way that emphasized power and grandeur

Question 15

Why did many freed slaves order portrait reliefs for their tombs?

A) To celebrate their immortality via portraiture
B) As a reminder of their former status as slaves
C) To maintain their new status in the afterlife
D) To commemorate their status as Roman citizens

Question 16

Where would an oculus be found?

A) In the wall of a temple
B) At the upper center of a dome
C) At the center of a Roman peristyle
D) In the apse of a basilica

Question 17

Which emperor built a large palace/fort at Split in present-day Croatia?

A) Constantine
B) Justinian
C) Diocletian
D) Hadrian

Question 18

What are the allegorical figures in the Triumph of Titus relief meant to invoke?

A) The protection of the gods
B) The power of victory
C) The imperial virtues
D) The goodwill of previous emperors

Question 19

What influence is apparent in the lifelike verism of Roman Republican portraits?

A) Hellenistic portraiture tradition
B) Etruscan funereal sculpture
C) Roman household imagines
D) Egyptian pharaonic portraiture

Question 20

What earlier monument is a model for the procession of the imperial family on the Ara Pacis Augustae?

A) Apotheosis of Antoninus Pius and Faustina
B) Tomb of the Leopards
C) Altar of Zeus at Pergamon
D) Panathenaic frieze from the Parthenon

Question 21

Which emperor chose to recognize Christianity as the official religion of Rome in the early fourth century CE?

A) Diocletian
B) Constantine
C) Marcus Aurelius
D) Justinian

Question 22

The majority of Roman panel portraits in the encaustic technique come from which country?

A) Rome
B) Egypt
C) England
D) Greece

Question 23

​

This figure is holding portrait heads representing which group?

A) His fellow consuls
B) His children
C) His ancestors
D) His political enemies

Question 24

The figures from the frieze of the Villa of Mysteries are thought to be taking part in an initiation into the cult of which divine figure?

A) Persephone
B) Dionysus
C) Sol Invictus
D) Mithras

Question 25

​

Which component of a Roman house plan is the focus of this image?

A) Cubiculum
B) Caldarium
C) Atrium
D) Triclinium

Question 26

​

What building appears in this image?

A) Parthenon
B) Pantheon
C) Forum of Augustus
D) Temple of Vesta

Question 27

​

What is unusual in this portrait of a Roman emperor?

A) Marble
B) Deep cut curls
C) Shape of mouth
D) Beard

Question 28

In contrast to Greek temples, what was the usual architectural scheme of Roman temples?

A) Stylobate foundation
B) Built into hillside
C) Wood building material
D) Pseudoperipteral

Question 29

Which aspect of the Temple of Vesta is NOT an Etruscan contribution?

A) High podium
B) Axial alignment
C) Use of columns
D) Circular plan

Question 30

​

Who is depicted in this equestrian portrait?

A) Trajan
B) Constantine
C) Marcus Aurelius
D) Antoninus Pius

Question 31

​

What is the find context of this garden fresco?

A) House of the Vetii
B) Villa of Livia
C) Samnite House
D) Villa of Agrippa Postumus

Question 32

​

Who is pictured in this wall painting?

A) The poet Homer
B) The hero Achilles
C) The poet Menander
D) The statesman Alcibiades

Question 33

What technique did the artist of the spoils from Jerusalem on the Arch of Titus use to create the illusion of depth?

A) Coloring the relief background
B) Arranging figures in a landscape
C) Carving different heights of relief
D) Following strict linear perspective

Question 34

​

What is the primary support structure here?

A) Dome
B) Barrel vault
C) Groin vault
D) Round arch

Question 35

Which of the following is not a component of Roman wall painting?

A) Illusionism
B) Agricultural scenes
C) Architectural framing devices
D) Eclecticism

Question 36

​

Whose triumphal arch appears in this image?

A) Titus
B) Septimius Severus
C) Antoninus Pius
D) Constantine

Question 37

The palace at Tivoli was constructed for which emperor?

A) Augustus
B) Nero
C) Hadrian
D) Trajan

Question 38

​

What important Roman figure is portrayed here?

A) Mars
B) Hadrian
C) Jupiter
D) Augustus

Question 39

What is the primary function of architectural coffering?

A) To expand interior space
B) To lighten weight of dome or arch
C) To help build roads
D) To enable accurate measurements

Question 40

The Ara Pacis Augustae highlights Augustus's ancestral connection to which figure?

A) Julius Caesar
B) Tarquinias Superbus
C) Aeneas
D) Pericles

Question 41

What was the purpose of imperial portrait statues?

A) To provide an objective record
B) To mold public opinion
C) To give a sense of the emperor's omniscience
D) To have a unified program of presentation

Question 42

What Roman building type was the home of the vast majority of citizens of Rome?

A) Insula
B) Basilica
C) Domus
D) Bath

Question 43

What structure did the Roman emperor Nero have the architects Severus and Celer build after the great fire of 64 CE?

A) Forum
B) Palace
C) Colosseum
D) Market

Question 44

Which of the following was NOT built by Augustus in his program to make the monuments of Rome the equal of those of Periclean Athens?

A) Altar
B) Forum
C) Palace
D) Temple

Question 45

What standard imperial scene appears on the base of the column of Antoninus Pius?

A) Triumphal march
B) Birth of emperor
C) Apotheosis
D) Coronation

Question 46

What accounts for the increasing presence of sarcophagi in Roman art after the time of Augustus?

A) Change in emperor cult
B) Influx of Egyptian stoneworkers
C) More land usable for burial
D) Increasing popularity of Christianity

Question 47

Which of the following monuments was NOT a product of the Pax Augusta?

A) Ara Pacis Augustae
B) Pantheon
C) Maison Carrée
D) Pont-du-Gard

Question 48

Which emperor was responsible for the construction of the Pantheon in Rome?

A) Trajan
B) Augustus
C) Hadrian
D) Constantine

Question 49

The exterior of the Colosseum combined the Greek post-and-lintel structure of columns and entablature with what Roman form?

A) Groin vault
B) Podium
C) Caldarium
D) Arch

Question 50

​

What technique was used to create the hairstyle of this portrait?

A) Lost wax
B) Carving
C) Repoussé
D) Drilling