Deck 10: Probation, Parole, and Intermediate Sanctions

Question 1

Which of the following reasons could contribute toan offender being denied probation? ​

A)conviction of multiple charges
B)on parole at the time of he or she arrest
C)Using a weapon during the commission of a crime
D)All of these

Answer 1

D

Question 2

Failing toreport a change of address is a_____violation, which may result in revocation of probation. ​

A)common
B)punitive ​
C)standard
D)technical

Answer 2

D

Question 3

T he conditions placed on a probationer fall intothree categories. Which of the following is NoT one of these categories? ​

A)Cumulative conditions
B)Punitive conditions
C)Standard conditions
D)Treatment conditions

Answer 3

A

Question 4

Reintegration has a strong theoretical basis in the ____philosophy of punishment. ​

A)retributive
B)incapacitative
C)deterrence
D)rehabilitative

Question 5

A strategy tokeep those offenders whoqualify away from prison and jail and toward community-based and intermediate sanctions is: ​

A)deterrence.
B)diversion.
C)incapacitation.
D)reintegration.

Question 6

Alsoreferred toas shock probation, ___________________ is when the offender is sentenced toa specific amount of time in prison or jail, tobe followed immediately by a period of probation. ​

A)intermittent incarceration
B)shock incarceration
C)suspended sentence
D)split sentence probation

Question 7

A majority of states limit intensive supervision probation tooffenders who: ​

A)donot have a previous conviction.
B)donot have a prior probation violation.
C)donot have a drug problem.
D)donot have a job.

Question 8

If offenders choose toattend drug court, they place themselves in the hands of a     ____whowill enforce a mixture of treatment and sanctions in an attempt tocure their addiction. ​

A)judge
B)jury
C)probation officer
D)prosecutor

Question 9

A process by which the government seizes private property attached tocriminal activity is: ​

A)confiscation.
B)closure.
C)forfeiture.
D)restitution.

Question 10

Which of the following is true regarding intermediate sanctions? ​

A)Intermediate sanctions are less restrictive than probation and more restrictive than imprisonment.
B)Intermediate sanctions provide a number of additional sentencing options for wrongdoers whorequire stricter supervision than that supplied by standard probation.
C)Intermediate sanctions are not designed tomatch specific punishment and treatment of an individual offender with a corrections program that reflects the offender's situation.
D)Intermediate sanctions are not intended toalleviate pressure on overcrowded facilities and understaffed probation departments.

Question 11

A judicially imposed condition in which an offender is sentenced after being convicted of a crime, but is not required tobegin serving the sentence immediately is referred toas: ​

A)community corrections.
B)probation.
C)split sentence probation.
D)suspended sentence.

Question 12

Which goal of corrections focuses on preparing the offender for a return tothe community unmarred by further criminal behavior? ​

A)Deterrence
B)Diversion
C)Incapacitation
D)Reintegration

Question 13

Which of the following is NoT  a risk factor of recidivism? ​

A)Antisocial personality patterns
B)Procriminal attitudes ​
C)Lack of education
D)Social supports for crime

Question 14

During this hearing, the probation agency presents evidence tosupport its claim of violation, and the probationer can attempt torefute this evidence. ​

A)Preliminary hearing
B)Revocation hearing
C)Preliminary sentencing
D)Revocation sentencing

Question 15

A n alternative totrial offered by a judge or prosecutor, in which the offender agrees toparticipate in a specified counseling or treatment program in return for withdrawal of the charges is known as a: ​

A)day reporting center.
B)home confinement.
C)pretrial diversion program.
D)probation office.

Question 16

A community-based corrections center towhich offenders report on a daily basis for the purpose of treatment, education, and incapacitation is a: ​

A)day reporting center.
B)treatment center.
C)pretrial diversion program.
D)probation office.

Question 17

In which case did the Supreme Court rule that probationers were entitled toan attorney during the revocation process? ​

A)Morrisey v. Brewer
B)Gagnon v. Scarpelli
C)Minnesota v. Murphy
D)Mempa v. Rhay

Question 18

About____________of parolees return toprison before the end of their parole period, mostly because they were convicted of a new offense or had their parole revoked.​

A)a quarter
B)half
C)two-thirds
D)three-fourths

Question 19

Which of the following is NoT one of the options of intermediate sanctions that judges have in sentencing? ​

A)Community service
B)Fines
C)Imprisonment
D)Restitution

Question 20

The most common form of punishment in the United States is: ​

A)imprisonment.
B)probation.
C)community service.
D)parole.

Question 21

Case 10-1 Scott is a 24-year-old high school dropout. He has been in and out of trouble with the law since he was a teenager, committing mostly public nuisance offenses such as disorderly conduct and public intoxication. His girlfriend just broke up with him because he had noambition in his life and she did not want totake care of him. She threw him out of her apartment. Scott just agreed toplead guilty for the crime of burglary after he broke intohis ex-girlfriend's car tosteal the change that she keeps in the cup-holder. ​
The parties finally agree and Scott is sentenced tothree years of probation with nojail time. The judge informs Scott at his sentencing that he must meet all the required conditions of his probation. These conditions include refraining from all criminal activity, staying employed, attending all required meetings with his probation officer, and reporting all address changes. Failing toreport a change of address would be considered a(n): ​

A)extralegal violation.
B)legal violation.
C)standard violation.
D)technical violation.

Question 22

Case 10-1 Scott is a 24-year-old high school dropout. He has been in and out of trouble with the law since he was a teenager, committing mostly public nuisance offenses such as disorderly conduct and public intoxication. His girlfriend just broke up with him because he had noambition in his life and she did not want totake care of him. She threw him out of her apartment. Scott just agreed toplead guilty for the crime of burglary after he broke intohis ex-girlfriend's car tosteal the change that she keeps in the cup-holder. ​
The prosecutor in this case is adamant that Scott serve some jail time. In the plea discussions, the prosecutor suggests that Scott agree tospend ninety days in jail and then he will automatically serve a two-year probation sentence. This suggested sentence is known as: ​

A)boot camp.
B)shock incarceration.
C)shock probation.
D)suspended sentence.

Question 23

Split sentence probation is alsoknown as shock probation. ​

Question 24

Parole is the most common form of punishment in the United States. ​

Question 25

A type of electronic monitoring which involves an offender being contacted periodically by telephone or beeper toverify his or her whereabouts is knowns as:  ​

A)programmed contact.
B)programmed dialers.
C)receiver-contacts.
D)receiver-dialers.

Question 26

The criticism that intermediate sanctions designed todivert offenders from prison actually increase the number of citizens whoare under the control and surveillance of the American corrections system is known as : ​

A)expansive sanctions.
B)reinstitutionalization.
C)closing the gap.
D)widening the net.

Question 27

What level of home monitoring requires the offender toremain home at all times, save for medical emergencies? ​

A)Curfew
B)Home detention
C)Home incarceration
D)Home probation

Question 28

A community-based sanction in which offenders serve their terms of incarceration where they actually live is called: ​

A)home confinement.
B)intensive supervision probation.
C)pretrial diversion program.
D)shock incarceration.

Question 29

Case 10-1 Scott is a 24-year-old high school dropout. He has been in and out of trouble with the law since he was a teenager, committing mostly public nuisance offenses such as disorderly conduct and public intoxication. His girlfriend just broke up with him because he had noambition in his life and she did not want totake care of him. She threw him out of her apartment. Scott just agreed toplead guilty for the crime of burglary after he broke intohis ex-girlfriend's car tosteal the change that she keeps in the cup-holder. ​
The judge has scheduled a conference in his chambers with the prosecutor and the defense attorney. He instructs the twoattorneys that he wants a plea deal with an agreed upon sentence the next morning. The judge explains tothe prosecutor that many offenders are placed on probation for the same offense that Scott committed and never serve any jail or prison time. The judge further explains that if Scott is placed on probation, he will require that Scott attend alcohol counseling and anger-control therapy. These conditions that the judge orders are referred toas: ​

A)punitive conditions.
B)rehabilitative conditions.
C)standard conditions.
D)treatment conditions.

Question 30

The most restrictive level of home monitoring is: ​

A)day reporting centers.
B)home detention.
C)home incarceration.
D)electronic monitoring.

Question 31

A punishment-oriented form of probation in which the offender is placed under stricter and more frequent surveillance and control than conventional probation by probation officers with limited caseloads is a(n): ​

A)day reporting center.
B)home confinement.
C)intensive supervision probation.
D)pretrial diversion program.

Question 32

What type of electronic monitoring involves an offender wearing a device around the wrist, ankle, or neck, which sends out a constant signal? ​

A)Programmed contact
B)Programmed dialers
C)Continuous signaling
D)Continuous dialers

Question 33

What level of home monitoring requires that offenders remain home at all times, with exceptions being made for education, employment, counseling, or other specified activities such as the purchase of food, or in some instances attendance at religious ceremonies? ​

A)Curfew
B)Home detention
C)Home incarceration
D)Home probation

Question 34

Which form of shock incarceration was modeled after military basic training, emphasizing strict discipline, manual labor, and physical training? ​

A)Boot camp
B)Intensive supervision probation
C)Pretrial diversion program
D)Scared straight

Question 35

offenders sentenced toshock incarceration usually spend_______in prison or jail before being released and resentenced toprobation.

A)ninety days
B)six months
C)nine months
D)one year

Question 36

Community-based corrections programs are nolonger more cost-efficient than incarceration. ​

Question 37

Community-based corrections are an important means of diverting criminals toalternative modes of punishment sothat scarce incarceration resources are consumed by only the most dangerous criminals. ​

Question 38

Case 10-1 Scott is a 24-year-old high school dropout. He has been in and out of trouble with the law since he was a teenager, committing mostly public nuisance offenses such as disorderly conduct and public intoxication. His girlfriend just broke up with him because he had noambition in his life and she did not want totake care of him. She threw him out of her apartment. Scott just agreed toplead guilty for the crime of burglary after he broke intohis ex-girlfriend's car tosteal the change that she keeps in the cup-holder. ​
The prosecutor in the case expresses concern that Scott is headed down the wrong path and suggests a little prison time would shake him up. The defense attorney in the case believes that it is not necessary toimprison Scott for this offense. Even though the law states that Scott can serve up tofive years in a state prison for his offense, his attorney believes that prison resources are tooscarce and that Scott is an offender whoqualifies for a community- based sanction. This practice is known as: ​

A)diversion.
B)incapacitation.
C)reintegration.
D)specific deterrence.

Question 39

What level of home monitoring requires offenders tobe in their homes at specific hours, usually at night? ​

A)Curfew
B)Home detention
C)Home incarceration
D)Home probation

Question 40

Case 10-1 Scott is a 24-year-old high school dropout. He has been in and out of trouble with the law since he was a teenager, committing mostly public nuisance offenses such as disorderly conduct and public intoxication. His girlfriend just broke up with him because he had noambition in his life and she did not want totake care of him. She threw him out of her apartment. Scott just agreed toplead guilty for the crime of burglary after he broke intohis ex-girlfriend's car tosteal the change that she keeps in the cup-holder. ​
The defense attorney is worried that sending Scott tojail will only make Scott's situation worse. While his court case was pending, Scott got a job at a local grocery store and has started toclean up his act. The defense attorney would prefer that if Scott were toplead guilty tothe offense, he would not be required toserve any jail time immediately. He prefers that Scott be given a chance toprove himself and only have toserve time in jail if he reoffends. This type of sentence is known as a(n): ​

A)boot camp.
B)shock incarceration.
C)shock probation.
D)suspended sentence.

Question 41

The federal Crime Victims' Rights Act provides victims with the right tobe reasonably notified of any parole proceedings and the right toattend and be reasonably heard at such proceedings. ​

Question 42

All nonviolent offenders are eligible for probation. ​

Question 43

When parole is denied, the reasons usually involve poor prison behavior by the offender and/or the severity of the underlying crime. ​

Question 44

Boot camp is a variation on traditional shock incarceration. ​

Question 45

Anger-control therapy is an example of a punitive condition of probation. ​

Question 46

offenders whosuccessfully complete pretrial diversion have the charges pending against them dropped. ​

Question 47

A goal of corrections that focuses on preparing the offender for a return tothe community is ______________. ​

Question 48

Parole is a sentence handed down by a judge following conviction and usually does not include incarceration. ​

Question 49

Conditions such as fines, restitution, and drug testing are considered standard conditions of probation. ​

Question 50

Intensive supervision probation (ISP)clients typically have lower violation rates than traditional probationers. ​

Question 51

An offender is most likely tobe denied probation if he or she seriously injured the victim of the crime. ​

Question 52

Probationers whocommit first time technical violations are un likely tohave their probation revoked. ​

Question 53

The first step of the revocation process is the arraignment. ​

Question 54

Most probationers are repeat offenders whohave committed nonviolent crimes. ​

Question 55

Intermediate sanctions reduce the amount of control the state exerts over the individual compared tostandard probation. ​

Question 56

Home detention is the strictest form of home monitoring. ​

Question 57

When authorities doattempt torevoke parole for a technical violation, they must provide the parolee with a revocation hearing and counsel torepresent the parolee. ​

Question 58

The ideal probation officer-offender relationship is based on supervision and authority. ​

Question 59

Most of the rules of evidence that govern regular trials donot play a role in revocation hearings. ​

Question 60

In the absence of trust, most probation officers rely on their authority toguide an offender successfully through the sentence. ​

Question 61

The power designated toan agent of the law over a person whohas broken the law is  _________________________. ​

Question 62

________________ refers toa criminal sanction in which a convict is allowed toremain in the community rather than be imprisoned  ​

Question 63

List and explain the three main justifications often cited for the continued and increased use of community corrections in American today.

Question 64

As a means toreverse patterns of self-destructive behavior and tohelp the offender deal with certain problems related tohis/her behavior, _____conditions are usually imposed on the offender. ​

Question 65

The three stages of probation revocation include a preliminary hearing, revocation hearing, and  _________________________________. ​

Question 66

With______________________, the offender spends a certain amount of time each week, usually the weekends, in a jail, workhouse, or other government institution.

Question 67

_______________________is a technique of probation supervision in which the offender's whereabouts are kept under surveillance by an electronic device.

Question 68

In__________________________________, judges attempt toaddress problems such as drug addiction, mental illness, and homelessness that often lead tothe eventual rearrest of the defendant.

Question 69

Not every offender is eligible for probation. Identify five of the six conditions that would most likely make an offender ineligible for probation.

Question 70

________________________conditions usually reflect the seriousness of the offense and are intended toincrease the punishment of the offender.

Question 71

Scared straight programs and boot camps are examples of___________________.

Question 72

____________________________________is/are more restrictive than probation and less restrictive than imprisonment.

Question 73

___________________________is a strategy tokeep offenders whoqualify away from prison and jail and sentence them tocommunity-based and intermediate sanctions.

Question 74

Reporting regularly tothe probation officer is an example of a(n)_____________________condition.

Question 75

Discuss the sentencing arrangements that combine probation with incarceration. ​

Question 76

A(n)_______________ is an agreement between the state and the offender that establishes the conditions of parole. ​

Question 77

The number of cases handled by a probation officer in a given period is her or her____________________.

Question 78

In______________________an offender is sentenced toprison or jail with the understanding that after a period of time, he or she may petition the court tobe released on probation.

Question 79

"Release from prison that occurs when an offender has served the full length of his or her sentence, minus any  adjustments for good time. " This is called _______________. ​

Question 80

A(n)____________________is an action taken by a probationer that, although not criminal, breaks the terms of probation as designated by the court.