Deck 12: The Prison Experience and Prisoner Reentry

Question 1

Whois responsible for the "well-being" of the inmates by making sure that inmates donot harm themselves or other prisoners? ​

A)Block officers
B)Tower guards
C)Work detail supervisors
D)Yard officers

Answer 1

A

Question 2

Inmates whotake advantage of prison resources, such as libraries or drug treatment programs, in order toimprove themselves prior toreentering intosociety are said tobe: ​

A)being disorganized criminals.
B)doing time.
C)gleaning.
D)jailing.

Answer 2

C

Question 3

Which rank of custodial staff is responsible for overseeing platoons of officers in specific parts of the prison, such as various cell blocks or work spaces? ​

A)Captain
B)Lieutenant
C)officer
D)Sergeant

Answer 3

D

Question 4

Inmates whoare "_______"are establishing themselves in the power structure of the prison culture and become deeply engaged in prison politics.

A)disorganized criminals
B)doing time
C)gleaning
D)jailing

Question 5

W hich Supreme Court ruling determined that minor injuries suffered by a convict at the hands of a correctional officer following an argument did violate the inmate ' s rights, because there was nosecurity concern at the time of the incident? ​

A)Cooper v. Pate
B)Hudson v. McMillan
C)Whitley v. Albers
D)Wolff v. McDonnell

Question 6

These officers perform maintenance and security functions in workshop and educational programs. ​

A)Block officers and school officers
B)Industrial shop and school officers
C)Work detail supervisors only
D)Yard officers and block officers

Question 7

Which amendment states that inmates donot have the same guaranteed rights as other Americans? ​

A)Fourth
B)Fifth
C)Eighth
D)Thirteenth

Question 8

An inmate whois  ____exists on the fringes of prison society due tohis/her mental impairments or low levels of intelligence, and finds it impossible toadapt toprison culture on any level. ​

A)a disorganized criminal
B)doing time
C)gleaning
D)jailing

Question 9

Inmates develop their own language, or: ​

A)dialect.
B)argot.
C)lingo.
D)slang.

Question 10

are primarily administrators whodeal directly with the warden on custodial issues. ​

A)Captains
B)Lieutenants
C)officers
D)Sergeants

Question 11

A number of prison experts have noted that group violence often occurs in response to_______________at corrections facilities.

A)overcrowding
B)deprivation
C)violence
D)heightened security

Question 12

The " deprivation model" theorizes:  ​

A)that the most effective method of dealing with inmate violence is todeprive inmates of privileges such as access totelevision and recreation.
B)that inmate aggression is the result of the frustration inmates feel at being deprived of freedom, consumer goods, sex, and other staples of life normally available outside the institution.
C)that inmate aggression is the result of the frustration inmates feel at being deprived of quality food, time outdoors, and exercise.
D)that depriving inmates of visits from associates in the free world will significantly reduce the amount of contraband that enters the prison facility.

Question 13

In which case did the U.S. Supreme Court find that severe overcrowding in California state prisons denied inmates satisfactory levels of mental and physical health care, and therefore amounted toEighth Amendment violations of cruel and unusual punishment? ​

A)Brown v. Plata
B)Hudson v. Palmer
C)Cruz v. California
D)Wolff v. McDonnell

Question 14

Whoare the officers whoare responsible for staying alert for breaches in prison discipline or regulations in the relatively unstructured environment of the prison yard? ​

A)Block officers
B)Industrial shop and school officers
C)Tower guards
D)Yard officers

Question 15

The unwritten judicial policy that favors noninterference by the courts in the administration of prisons and jails is the: ​

A)hands-off doctrine.
B)laissez-faire doctrine.
C)judicial reprieve.
D)penal authority doctrine.

Question 16

A  ____is the disciplinarian of the prison, responsible for policing and transporting the inmates. ​

A)captain
B)lieutenant
C)officer
D)sergeant

Question 17

Which would NoT be considered tobe a reason for violent behavior in prisons? ​

A)A reputation for violence may lead an inmate tobecome a target of assault.
B)It enhances self-image in an environment that does not respect other attributes, such as intelligence.
C)In the case of rape, it gives sexual relief.
D)It serves as a means of acquiring material goods through extortion or outright robbery.

Question 18

The socialization process through which a new inmate learns the accepted norms and values of the prison population is called: ​

A)gleaning.
B)prisonization.
C)institutionalization.
D)immersion.

Question 19

Which pattern of inmate behavior includes following rules and generally doing whatever is necessary tospeed up their release sothey can continue their chosen careers? ​

A)Disorganized criminal
B)Doing time
C)Gleaning
D)Jailing

Question 20

oversee small groups of inmates as they perform tasks in the cafeteria, the prison store, the laundry, and other areas. ​

A)Block officers
B)Tower guards
C)Work detail supervisors
D)Yard officers

Question 21

In recent years, the most significant demographic change in the prison population involves age.

Question 22

Case 12-1 Matthew is the newest inmate toa maximum-security institution. He was sentenced toserve twenty years for the crime of armed robbery and attempted manslaughter. Matthew is anxious about going toprison. This is the first time he will serve time in prison. In the past he has only served short jail terms.
Once he arrives at the prison, Matthew is given a handbook that explains all the regulations and guidelines. He alsospeaks with some of the inmates whoexplain tohim that he will gothrough a socialization process where he will learn the accepted norms and values of the prison culture that are not included in a handbook. These are more the rules of the prison created by the inmates. What is this process called? ​

A)Deliberate indifference
B)Desistance
C)Prisonization
D)Relative deprivation

Question 23

The conditional early release of an inmate before his or her sentence has expired is referred toas: ​

A)mandatory release.
B)pardon.
C)parole.
D)probation.

Question 24

The single factor that most distinguishes female prisoners from their male counterparts is: ​

A)age.
B)a history of physical or sexual abuse.
C)a lengthy criminal history.
D)race or ethnicity.

Question 25

Under the______________model of reentry, the authorities directly notify the community of the sex offender's presence.

A)community
B)passive
C)active
D)registration

Question 26

Case 12-1 Matthew is the newest inmate toa maximum-security institution. He was sentenced toserve twenty years for the crime of armed robbery and attempted manslaughter. Matthew is anxious about going toprison. This is the first time he will serve time in prison. In the past he has only served short jail terms.
After a few months of observing Matthew and his interaction with other inmates, the correctional officers believe that Matthew will follow the rules and generally dowhat is necessary tospeed up his release and return tofreedom. This type of inmate behavior is known as: ​

A)disorganized.
B)doing time.
C)gleaning.
D)jailing.

Question 27

When inmates try toprove that their Eighth Amendment rights were violated by a correctional facility, they must meet the standard of: ​

A)deliberate indifference.
B)hands-on approach.
C)identifiable human needs.
D)relative deprivation.

Question 28

The goal of reentry is topromote_______________________, or continued abstinence from offending.

A)desistance
B)recidivism
C)rehabilitation
D)resistance

Question 29

Efforts being made tohelp inmates make the transition from prison tothe "outside" are included under the concept of: ​

A)parole.
B)pardon.
C)prisoner reentry.
D)prisoner rehabilitation.

Question 30

Jailing is the socialization process through which a new inmate learns the accepted norms and values of the prison population. ​

Question 31

Prisoners nearing the end of their sentences are given permission towork at paid employment in the community as part of: ​

A)parole.
B)work release programs.
C)probation.
D)furlough.

Question 32

Case 12-1 Matthew is the newest inmate toa maximum-security institution. He was sentenced toserve twenty years for the crime of armed robbery and attempted manslaughter. Matthew is anxious about going toprison. This is the first time he will serve time in prison. In the past he has only served short jail terms.
Inmate language created and used by inmates inside a prison is known as: ​

A)dialect.
B)argot.
C)code.
D)slang.

Question 33

Unlike aging and ailing prisoners, correctional facilities are not required by law toprovide treatment tomentally ill inmates, thus driving the costs associated with their confinement well above the average. ​

Question 34

A prisoner today is much more likely tohave been incarcerated on a drug charge or immigration violation than was the case in the 1980s. ​

Question 35

Megan's Law requires states toprovide communities with relevant information on_______as a condition of receiving federal anticrime funds.

A)drug offenders
B)murderers
C)kidnappers
D)sexual offenders

Question 36

By definition, a total institution is an institution that provides all of the necessities for existence tothose wholive within its boundaries. ​

Question 37

The release from prison that occurs when an offender has served the entire length of his or her sentence, with time taken off for good behavior is referred toas: ​

A)expiration release.
B)pardon.
C)parole.
D)probation.

Question 38

Drug and alcohol use within a women ' s prison can be a function of the anger and depression many inmates experience due to: ​

A)being separated from their children.
B)being separated from their husbands.
C)a lack of heterogeneous relationships.
D)a lack of personal freedoms.

Question 39

Case 12-1 Matthew is the newest inmate toa maximum-security institution. He was sentenced toserve twenty years for the crime of armed robbery and attempted manslaughter. Matthew is anxious about going toprison. This is the first time he will serve time in prison. In the past he has only served short jail terms.
Six months intohis prison sentence Matthew begins tofeel frustrated because he has nofreedom and he misses the items he was used towhen he was out of prison, like his cell phone and his iPod. What theory would explain this inmate aggression? ​

A)Consensus model
B)Conflict model
C)Deprivation model
D)Integration model

Question 40

An act of executive clemency that overturns a conviction and erases mention of the crime from the person ' s criminal record is referred toas: ​

A)a mandatory release.
B)a pardon.
C)parole.
D)probation.

Question 41

Situations in which a number of prisoners are beyond institutional control are_______________________.

Question 42

officers whowork the prison yard usually have the least seniority, reinforcing the assignment's reputation as dangerous and stressful. ​

Question 43

Federal and state laws nolonger restrict public housing options for ex-convicts. ​

Question 44

Prior tothe 1970s, the courts applied the "hands-off" doctrine toissues regarding prisoner rights . ​

Question 45

Websites that provide sex offender registry information are considered a form of passive notification. ​

Question 46

Prison violence is often an outlet for racial tension. ​

Question 47

Expiration release , alsoknown as "maxing out," occurs when an inmate has served the maximum amount of time on  the initial sentence, minus reductions for good-time credits. ​

Question 48

___________________refers toa standard for establishing a violation of an inmate's Eighth Amendment rights, requiring that prison officials were aware of harmful conditions in a correctional institution and failed totake steps toremedy those conditions.

Question 49

organized activities for inmates that are designed toimprove their physical and mental health, provide them with skills, or simply keep them busy while incarcerated are______________________.

Question 50

The basic human necessities that correctional facilities are required by the Constitution toprovide toinmates are  ___________________________needs. ​

Question 51

_______________________is the socialization process through which a new inmate learns the accepted norms and values of the prison culture.

Question 52

Female correctional officers are less effective than their male counterparts in maintaining discipline in men's prisons. ​

Question 53

Relative deprivation is a theory that inmate aggression is the result of the frustration inmates feel at being deprived of freedom, consumer goods, sex, and other staples of life outside the institution. ​

Question 54

________________________is the theory that inmate aggression is caused when freedoms and services that the inmate has come toaccept as normal are decreased or eliminated.

Question 55

A(n)_____________ is an identifiable group of three or more individuals whopose a threat tothe safety of other inmates or members of the corrections community. ​

Question 56

Inmates have the same guaranteed rights as other Americans. ​

Question 57

A(n)__________________is a group of inmates whoband together within the corrections system toengage in social and criminal activities.

Question 58

In the highly regulated, oppressive environment of the prison, correctional officers must use the threat of violence, if not actual violence, toinstill discipline and keep order. ​

Question 59

Inmates whoare working toimprove themselves toprepare for a return tosociety are_____________________.

Question 60

Violence by inmates is used toestablish the prisoner hierarchy by separating the powerful from the weak. ​

Question 61

Why might an inmate become violent within prison today, as explored by the text?

Question 62

A community-based form of early release that places inmates in residential centers and allows them toreintegrate with society is a(n)___________________________. ​

Question 63

Discuss the various ranks of custodial staff at most prisons.

Question 64

Describe the hands--off doctrine of prisoner law and the twostandards used todetermine if prisoners' rights have  been violated.

Question 65

A form of temporary release in which an inmate is allowed toleave the prison for a short amount of time is a(n)  __________________________. ​

Question 66

one piece of technology has made the task of controlling prison gangs extremely difficult: the cell phone. Although inmates are prohibited from possessing these devices, cell phones are routinely used toarrange attacks, plan escapes, and operate illegal money-making schemes from behind bars. The phones are usually smuggled in by visitors, whohide them in locations as varied as babies' diapers, food packages, soda cans, and body cavities. As Superintendent of Corrections for the entire state of Maryland, you are now considering the controversial practice of cell phone "jamming"-which is using an antenna or other device todisrupt all cell phone activity over the entire prison compound. According tofederal law, this practice is supposed tobe illegal but you know for a fact that federal bureau of prison officials have been using the technology at federal prisons for a few years. Due tothe widespread gang-related violence at many of the prison facilities throughout your state, often spurred by illegal cell phone usage, you are thinking about going against federal law toimplement "jamming" devices. Based on your situation, how will you proceed and why? Please fully explain your answer.

Question 67

Discuss trends of age and mental illness among prison inmates and how this affects the administration of prisons.

Question 68

A(n)_______________ refers toan act of executive clemency that overturns a conviction and erases mention of the crime from the person's criminal record. ​

Question 69

List and discuss John Irwin's four patterns of inmate conduct.

Question 70

In_______________________________, the Supreme Court ruled that overcrowding, excessive noise, inadequate heating, and unsanitary bathrooms did not constitute Eighth Amendment violations of cruel and unusual punishment.

Question 71

Identify six concerns that relate tofemale inmates.

Question 72

As deputy warden of a maximum security prison near Los Angeles, you have a high concentration of gang members from different ethnic and racial groups that are literally at war with one another. over the past month, you have had three violent gang-related attacks between rival gangs, and one gang attack on a staff member. The warden has tasked you with attempting tofigure out how best tohouse these rival gangs, alsoknown as security threat groups, tolower the rate of violence within prison walls. You are considering a plan tosegregate inmates by ethnic and racial lines, however, you know that the Supreme Court ruled more than four decades agothat racial segregation is not lawful, unless it is deemed an emergency situation. What will you doand why? Please fully explain.

Question 73

What is meant by a " total institution"? Discuss how it applies within today's prison culture. ​

Question 74

You are a warden at a state correctional facility in upstate New York. Your facility currently holds 400 inmates; 240 of them are over the age of 55. Most of these elderly offenders were incarcerated under the infamous drug statutes of the 1980s. In addition, a large percentage of these offenders have physical health issues related totheir age. As the warden, you are being pressured toreduce the overall operating costs of your facility, while simultaneously making sure that offenders carry out the duration of their sentences. You are currently contemplating the idea of asking toparole some of the elderly non-violent inmates whohave served a majority of their sentences, but you are fearful of the public and legislative backlash. What doyou doand why?

Question 75

Define the concept of " prisonization. " Next, explain how this term applies tothose whoare incarcerated. ​

Question 76

The practice of confining individuals against their will if they present a danger tothe community is referred toas ______________.  ​

Question 77

Laws that require local law authorities toalert the public when a sex offender has been released intothe community are   _______________________________laws. ​

Question 78

In women's prisons the inmates form________________________, where they play specific roles, with the more experienced convicts acting as "mothers" toyounger inmates.

Question 79

Contrast parole, expiration release, pardon, and furlough. ​

Question 80

List and briefly explain the six general job categories among correctional officers. Next, please discuss the basic qualifications tobecome a correctional officer.