Deck 6: The Middle East and North Africa

Question 1

Population growth is moderately high in all countries of the Middle East and North Africa. ​

Answer 1

False

Question 2

Over half a billion people live in the Middle East and North Africa. ​

Answer 2

True

Question 3

Palestine, Canaan, and the Promised Land refer to the same geographic area. ​

Answer 3

True

Question 4

The high salt content of the Dead Sea makes it remarkably easy for humans to float. ​

Question 5

Members of a tribe claim common descent from a single male ancestor who lived countless generations ago; their kinship organization is a patrilineal descent system.

Question 6

The Western Wall, also called the Wailing Wall, is the remains of the Second Temple and regarded as the most sacred Jewish site in the world. ​

Question 7

The Dome of the Rock is a Muslim shrine built on the Noble Sanctuary, or as Jewish people recognize it, the Temple Mount. ​

Question 8

The interaction between people and the wild plants and animals they eventually domesticated took place mainly in the well-watered Fertile Crescent, a vernacular region referring to an arc of land stretching from Israel to western Iran. ​

Question 9

Residential areas of medinas were differentiated by income level, so that wealthier residents occupied a different area than poorer residents.

Question 10

Oases are ribbons of water and fertility within a desert region. ​

Question 11

The United Nations imposed a two-state solution to the Palestinian problem in 1947 by establishing the Arabic state of Israel and the Jewish state of Palestine. ​

Question 12

The Sykes-Picot Agreement distributed land that had belonged to the Ottoman Empire prior to the end of World War I. ​

Question 13

Pastoral nomads and many animals migrate to mitigate the effects of drought, a coping adaptation known as drought avoidance.

Question 14

A map of population density for the Middle East is perhaps best understood in comparison to proximity to water, as settlements have historically developed around access to water in dry environments. ​

Question 15

As the Middle East and North Africa become more urbanized, the ecological trilogy model is no longer valid. ​

Question 16

The dominant religion in the Middle East and North Africa is Islam. ​

Question 17

The North African peoples of Morocco, Algeria, and Tunisia share many traits with people to the east, and therefore, consider themselves Middle Easterners. ​

Question 18

Country folk, who depend on subsistence agriculture, outnumber urbanites in the Middle East and North Africa. ​

Question 19

Christianity emerged prior to Judaism. ​

Question 20

The population in the Middle East and North Africa is concentrated along the Nile, Tigris, and Euphrates River valleys. ​

Question 21

Which three countries have the largest populations in the Middle East? ​

A)Egypt, Saudi Arabia, and Turkey
B)Iran, Saudi Arabia, and Sudan
C)Iraq, Iran, and Turkey
D)Algeria, Libya, and Egypt
E)Egypt, Iran, and Saudi Arabia

Question 22

Copts and Maronites are _____. ​

A)Jews
B)Hebrews
C)Muslims
D)Turks
E)Christians

Question 23

What do Judaism, Christianity, and Islam have in common? ​

A)All started in Turkey and slowly spread south.
B)All were imported to the Middle East by westerners.
C)All are polytheistic.
D)All regard Abraham as their patriarch.
E)All are proselytizing religions.

Question 24

Which member of the ecological trilogy grows staple food crops such as wheat and barley that feed the other groups? ​

A)villager
B)pastoral nomad
C)urbanite
D)yeoman farmer
E)serf

Question 25

The Sykes-Picot Agreement gave mandates to the ____ over Palestine, Transjordan, Iraq, and Kuwait, and to the ____ over Syria and Lebanon. ​

A)British; United Nations
B)French; British
C)United Nations; French
D)British; French
E)British; Ottomans

Question 26

Which member of the ecological trilogy are desert dwellers who provide livestock products, including live animals, meat, milk, cheeses, hides, and wool? ​

A)villager
B)pastoral nomad
C)urbanite
D)yeoman farmer
E)serf

Question 27

The Arab-Israeli conflict is primarily a dispute about ____.  ​

A)religion
B)land
C)water
D)oil
E)terrorism

Question 28

The tremendous production and sale of oil and petroleum make the Middle East and North Africa overall one of the wealthiest regions of the world. ​

Question 29

Which war was an attempt by Arabs to regain the Occupied Territories? ​

A)al-Nakba (the Catastrophe)
B)the War of Independence
C)The 1948-49 Arab-Israeli War
D)The Six-Day War
E)The 1973 Arab-Israeli War

Question 30

Which entity was formed to ensure higher profits from oil? ​

A)IAEA
B)OPEC
C)ISIS
D)MENA
E)FOP

Question 31

What term describes a hatred of Jews?  ​

A)anti-Semitism
B)Semitism
C)Diaspora
D)Exodus
E)Zionism

Question 32

A person of Semitic Arab ethnicity whose ancestral language is Arabic is known as a(n)____.  ​

A)Jew
B)Turk
C)Persian
D)Arab
E)Kurd

Question 33

When the Romans defeated the Jews and destroyed the Second Temple, Jews fled in an exile called _____. ​

A)al-Nakba (the Catastrophe)
B)Diaspora
C)Exodus
D)Intifada
E)Remittance

Question 34

Jewish settlements in the West Bank violate Geneva Conventions and have been declared illegal by the Court of International Justice. ​

Question 35

What is the geographic region composed of Israel, the West Bank, and the Gaza Strip called?

A)Palestine
B)Jerusalem
C)Even HaShetiyah
D)Kartvelian
E)Judah

Question 36

The Occupied Territories are the Gaza Strip, Sinai Peninsula, and Golan Heights. ​

Question 37

The Law of Return prohibits Ashkenazi and Sephardic Jews from living in Israel. ​

Question 38

What has been a consequence of the "Arab Fall"? ​

A)increased peace among countries
B)increased peace within countries
C)increased authoritarianism and civil wars
D)reduction in high temperatures and aridity
E)greater international cooperation

Question 39

In the early twentieth century, ten countries were compelled to sign the Nile Water Agreement, which guaranteed Egyptian access to 75% of the river's water.

Question 40

Which member of the ecological trilogy provide technological innovation, manufactured goods, and religious and secular education and training? ​

A)villager
B)pastoral nomad
C)urbanite
D)yeoman farmer
E)serf

Question 41

Members of a clan or tribe typically allow members of another clan or tribe to use the resources within its territory on the basis of _______________, or non-destructive mutual use.

Question 42

The world's largest ethnic group without a country is the _______________.

Question 43

Simuum, sirocco, and haboobs are types of _______________.

Question 44

Which event do most Muslims regard as a significant lifetime achievement? ​

A)Medina
B)Hajj
C)sharia
D)Ramadan
E)prayer

Question 45

Which Libyan leader was ousted and ultimately executed during the Arab Spring?

A)Muammar Qadafi
B)Bashir al-Assad
C)King Khalifa
D)Hosni Mubarak
E)Ali Abdullah Saleh

Question 46

A(n)__________ is the Arabic word for a bazaar or open-air market.

Question 47

Small leaves and deep roots are a drought _______________ adaptation of plants.

Question 48

The 2011 wave of revolutions against autocratic regimes in the region, particularly Tunisia, Egypt, Libya, Syria, Bahrain, and Yemen, was called the _______________.

Question 49

Which Middle Eastern country was known as Persia until 1935? ​

A)Yemen
B)Syria
C)Turkey
D)Iraq
E)Iran

Question 50

Nomads utilize multiple resources so that some will support them if others fail. This strategy is called _______________.

Question 52

A(n)_______________ is said to be present in the majority of the Middle East region, as over half the population is under the age of twenty-five

Question 53

What is a mullah? ​

A)an ayatollah
B)a shah
C)a refugee
D)a soldier
E)a priest

Question 55

In which countries does the terrorist organization ISIS primarily operate? ​

A)Egypt and Saudi Arabia
B)Syria and Iraq
C)Iran and Iraq
D)Iraq and Israel
E)Israel and Syria

Question 56

Populations of people, plants, and animals are all but non-existent in the region's vast _______________, such as the Empty Quarter of the Arabian Peninsula.

Question 60

The Suez Canal, Bosporus, and Strait of Hormuz are examples of _______________ because they are strategic passageways that may be closed off by force or threat of force.

Question 61

What were the flaws in the United Nations two-state solution to the problem of Palestine?

Question 62

Sedentarization, the rapid and progressive settling down of nomads, has been witnessed in recent decades. What are the causes of sedentarization?

Question 63

The numerous violent confrontations between Sunni and Shi'ite Muslims result more from politics and historical legacies rather than differences in religious doctrine. What caused the schism in Islam and what positions in the argument did Sunnis and Shi'ites take?

Question 65

What caused the Suez Crisis and the Arab-Israeli War of 1956, and how was it resolved? ​

Question 66

Since the mid-18^th century, outside influences have increasingly affected the patterns of village life. Discuss three impacts of western influence on village life. ​

Question 68

Although the earliest cities resembled villages in many ways, there were differences. List three ways early cities could be distinguished from villages.

Question 69

What were the major outcomes of the U.S. led invasion of Iraq in 2003?

Question 71

List and explain the five Pillars of Islam. ​

Question 72

What factors contributed to the Arab Spring?

Question 75

The Carter Doctrine was issued following the Soviet Union's invasion of Afghanistan. Why was the U.S. threatened by the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan, and what did the Carter Doctrine state?