Deck 10: Latin America

Question 1

Latin America's leading trade partner is China, and as such, the Latin American economies are affected by conditions in China. ​

Answer 1

True

Question 2

El Ni ñ o events occur when winds over the Pacific Ocean change direction and cause upwelling of cool, nutrient rich water along the Pacific coastline. ​

Answer 2

False

Question 3

In most Latin American countries, socioeconomic disparities between ethnic groups are not present. ​

Answer 3

False

Question 4

The name Latin America was chosen to reflect the cultural characteristics of its European colonizers, France and Britain, whose base languages evolved from Latin. ​

Question 5

Remittances are the savings earned by people working abroad and sent back to their families.

Question 6

The first true urban center of the Western Hemisphere was Teotihuacan, a city laid out on a grid aligned with the stars.

Question 7

Most Latin Americans live in rural areas.

Question 8

The diseases, famine, and enslavement that came with Spanish and Portuguese colonization brought what was probably one of humankind's largest population declines ever. ​

Question 9

The Monroe Doctrine prohibited trade and visitation with Cuba. ​

Question 10

Central America is one portion of the northern part of Latin America called Middle America. ​

Question 11

Altitudinal zonation refers to the change in climate and biome type from the northern region to the southern tip of Latin America. ​

Question 12

Mexico and Brazil are the two largest Latin American countries in terms of land area. ​

Question 13

The Aztec capital of Tenochtitl á n is presently overlain by the Brasilia, the capital of Brazil. ​

Question 14

Minifundia commonly raise coffee and bananas for export abroad. ​

Question 15

The Native Americans who occupied Latin America long before the Europeans arrived were the descendants of people who had migrated from Asia. ​

Question 16

As an ethnic group, mestizos are descendants of ancestors with African, European, and sometimes Native American blood. ​

Question 17

Today, over 80% of the Latin American population is Roman Catholic, as colonizers believed Catholicism was the only acceptable faith and imposed their religion on settled areas.

Question 18

Neo-liberalism involved opening Latin American economies to foreign investment and competition.

Question 19

Although El Ni ñ o is a climate pattern caused by winds and temperatures in the Pacific Ocean, its impacts are felt globally. ​

Question 20

With the demise of Native American civilizations, indigenous languages have completely died out in Latin America.

Question 21

Most Latin American countries are in the second or early third stages of the demographic transition.  What does this imply about their birth and death rates? ​

A)Birth and death rates are low.
B)Birth and death rates are high.
C)Birth rates are high but declining, and death rates are low.
D)Birth rates are low but increasing, and death rates are low.
E)Birth rates are high, and death rates are high but decreasing.

Question 22

What religion do 80% of Latin American people practice?

A)Rastafarianism
B)Islam
C)Christianity
D)Judaism
E)Catholicism

Question 23

Which two countries account for over 50% of Latin America's population? ​

A)Brazil and Mexico
B)Brazil and Argentina
C)Argentina and Chile
D)Argentina and Mexico
E)Peru and Bolivia

Question 24

Once the Amazonian lands have been deforested and farmed, the disturbance is too great for the tropical rainforest to ever return. ​

Question 25

Which civilization inhabited southern Mexico, Brazil, and Guatemala, practiced agriculture,  and developed a highly complex civilization? ​

A)Nazca
B)Aztec
C)Inca
D)Maya
E)Chibcha

Question 26

Which country experienced a 7.0 magnitude earthquake in 2010 that killed approximately 315,000 people? ​

A)Chile
B)Brazil
C)Peru
D)Haiti
E)Venezuela

Question 27

In general, the war on drugs has been successful at eradicating cartels and reducing the flow of drugs into the United States. ​

Question 28

Which Native American group controlled an empire stretching over 2,000 miles from northern Ecuador to central Chile before being conquered by Pizarro? ​

A)Nazca
B)Aztec
C)Inca
D)Maya
E)Chibcha

Question 29

Who was the Aztec leader who welcomed Hernando Cortes due to the belief that his arrival fulfilled the prophecy that the god Quetzalcoatl would someday return? ​

A)Veracruz
B)Atahualpa
C)Tenochtitlan
D)Chibcha
E)Moctezuma

Question 30

Which ethnic group is most common in Latin America and is a mix of Native American and Spanish heritage? ​

A)frias
B)helandas
C)Creoles
D)mulattos
E)mestizos

Question 31

Based on low per capita GDP (PPP)and low HDI ranking, it is reasonable to expect that Haiti would have the highest population growth rate in Latin America.  What factor makes this expectation about Haiti's population growth rate wrong?

A)high HIV/AIDS infection rates
B)high birth rates
C)low death rates
D)black market economy isn't reflected in per capita GDP (PPP)
E)Communist family planning policies

Question 32

What European countries were the primary colonizers of Latin America? ​

A)France and Britain
B)France and Spain
C)Spain and Britain
D)Spain and Portugal
E)France and the Netherlands

Question 33

The Bay of Pigs and the Cuban Missile Crisis refer to the same event.

Question 34

Although not the longest river in the world, by volume, more water flows through the Amazon River than any other river in the world. ​

Question 35

The United States obtains more of its oil from Latin America than from the Middle East.

Question 36

Diplomatic ties between the United States and Cuba were restored in 2015. ​

Question 37

Although Colombia is one of the top three oil and petroleum providers in Latin America, its involvement in the drug trade makes securing the oil problematic for the United States.

Question 38

The balloon effect refers to how eliminating drugs in one geographic area reduces the sale of drugs in all areas, effectively "bursting" the drugs out. ​

Question 39

The World Wildlife Fund projects that at current rates of deforestation, 55 percent of the Amazon forest will be gone by 2030. ​

Question 40

Brazil is the largest nation in the world where Spanish is the main language.

Question 41

Mercosur, NAFTA, and FTAA are __________-__________ associations that have globalized the Latin American economies by lowering or eliminating tariffs on goods. ​

Question 42

What are small farms that focus on subsistence agriculture called? ​

A)grasfundia
B)multifundia
C)haciendas
D)latifundia
E)minifundia

Question 43

The majority of Latin Americans belong to the ethnic group called __________, whose heritage is a mix of Spanish and Native American. ​

Question 44

Haciendas or plantations that are owned by families or corporations to produce crops commercially are also known as __________. ​

Question 45

Which two countries refused to adopt the economic prescriptions of neo-liberalism?

A)Cuba and Venezuela
B)Aruba and Grenada
C)Mexico and Brazil
D)Argentina and Chile
E)Honduras and Panama

Question 46

The world's largest continuous expanse of tropical rainforest lies in the basin of the __________ river system, and is the world's largest storehouse of plant and animal species, the majority of which have not yet been discovered or documented. ​

Question 47

Which Venezuelan leader exerted strict control over the country by rewriting the constitution, imprisoning political enemies, and cracking down on media? ​

A)Nicolas Maduro
B)Hugo Chavez
C)Cesar Chavez
D)Simon Bolivar
E)Evo Morales

Question 48

Which president initiated the war on drugs? ​

A)Clinton
B)Reagan
C)Carter
D)Ford
E)Nixon

Question 49

Which free-trade agreement is themost important in the Americas? ​

A)Southern Cone Common Market
B)Mercosur
C)NAFTA
D)FTAA
E)Organization of American States

Question 50

The Native American __________ group left their mark on the land with a series of lines and markings carved into the sandy surface that date back 2,000 years ago. ​

Question 51

What are the three economically strongest countries in Latin America, accounting for 80% of the region's manufacturing output? ​

A)Cuba, Venezuela, and Mexico
B)Brazil, Argentina, and Mexico
C)Brazil, Chile, Panama
D)Brazil, Mexico, Honduras
E)Mexico, Guatemala, Ecuador

Question 52

Which agricultural practice makes it impossible for tropical rainforest to regrow in disturbed areas? ​

A)tilling
B)clear cutting
C)shifting ranching
D)shifting cultivation
E)Shifting plowing

Question 53

Earned savings, called __________, are sent home by people working abroad and are among the largest sources of income for Latin American economies. ​

Question 54

Many of the dry, arid climates of South America result from __________ __________, where mountains block the formation of precipitation in certain areas. ​

Question 55

Languages that developed among the black slaves and indentured servants that worked plantations across Latin America and included vocabulary from the European colonizers language are known as __________ languages. ​

Question 56

Most of Brazil's sugarcane is used to produce __________, a biofuel. ​

Question 57

Which Latin American country is one of the BRIC economies?

A)Cuba
B)Chile
C)Colombia
D)Bolivia
E)Brazil

Question 58

Illegal organizations that control the production and distribution of drugs are called __________. ​

Question 59

Which policy declared the United States had the right to supervise the internal affairs of Latin American countries in order to protect its national security? ​

A)NAFTA
B)Monroe Doctrine
C)Roosevelt Corollary
D)Truman Declaration
E)Jackson Amendment

Question 60

Which critical chokepoint connects the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans?

A)Arctic Ocean
B)Southern Ocean
C)Isthmus of Honduras
D)Panama Canal
E)Nicaragua Canal

Question 61

How did the arrival of European settlers negatively impact Latin America? ​

Question 65

What factors have favored habitation in the Rimland and highland areas of Latin America? ​

Question 66

Diplomatic ties between Cuba and the United States were restored in 2015.  What factors led to the thaw between the two countries, particularly in relation to economic concerns? ​

Question 67

What consequences did the Monroe Doctrine and Roosevelt Corollary have for Guatemala? ​

Question 69

What types of development have been responsible for deforestation in the Amazon Basin? ​

Question 70

What concerns did Mexican and U.S citizens have about the implementation of NAFTA, and were those concerns ultimately justified? ​

Question 71

The Monroe Doctrine and its Roosevelt Corollary were designed to justify US activities and interventions in Latin America. What are some of the historical and modern-day interests of the United States in this region? ​

Question 72

Central America, Middle America, and South America are three terms that refer to geographic areas of Latin America.  Describe the areas each of the three terms represents. ​

Question 73

Until 2000, the Washington Consensus was the political-economic philosophy of the United States towards Latin America. What was the Washington Consensus and why did Latin American countries pushback against it? ​

Question 74

In our global world, there are small groups, particularly in the Amazon Basin, that have had no contact with "outsiders." Is it ethical to contact these ethnic groups?  Why or why not? ​