Deck 1: Introduction to Human Behavior in the Social Environment

Question 1

The social environment includes

A)genetics.
B)the people, families, groups, and organizations within which a person's biography unfolds.
C)mental processes.
D)psychological skills.

Answer 1

B

Question 2

Life span theory assumes that change occurs across the life span. This assumption  is also captured in which of the following developmental concepts?

A)Biography
B)Cumulative continuity
C)Plasticity
D)Self-selection

Answer 2

C

Question 3

Shils assumed that

A)human action is determined or limited by their social environment.
B)human behavior is mediated by biological arousal factors.
C)decisions are always free.
D)decisions are determined by genetics.

Answer 3

A

Question 4

Examples of elements of the social environment do NOT include

A)your best friend and mother.
B)laws and household rules.
C)the house you grew up in.
D)your family's cultural traditions.

Question 5

An example of practicing from the strengths perspective is

A)assuming young mothers can't care for their newborns.
B)neglecting to mention a client's high level of motivation in a monthly report.
C)incorporating a client's existing religious activities into a case plan as an informal support.
D)only asking the client about their problems in an intake interview.

Question 6

The current perspective of the biopsychosocial approach

A)focuses on life span rather than life course concepts.
B)adheres to reductionist principles.
C)focuses on how biological, psychological, and social systems influence the current state of affairs.
D)looks at how biological, psychological, and social systems lead up to specific developmental outcomes.

Question 7

The funnel theory

A)hypothesizes that delinquency increases with age.
B)hypothesizes that people have declining capacity for change over time.
C)considers delinquency a key life course phenomena.
D)is one of the most widely accepted theories of trait aggression.

Question 8

Gottfredson and Hirschi assume

A)poor self-control is the key factor associated with all forms of crime and delinquency.
B)propensities for delinquency are influenced in adulthood by changes in informal social control.
C)there are two types of offenders: early starters and late starters.
D)crime and delinquency is defined by criminogenic needs.

Question 9

Rothbart and Putnam defined temperament as

A)constitutionally-based individual differences in reactivity and self-regulation.
B)in-born propensities toward arousal and strength of emotion.
C)constitutionally-based anger and anxiety levels.
D)the impact of environment on behavior.

Question 10

The term life course is defined as

A)age-differentiated life patterns embedded in social institutions and subject to historical changes.
B)the stable component of a direction towards a life destination.
C)short-term state changes that are marked by life events.
D)universal needs according to developmental stage.

Question 11

The McDonaldization of social life is

A)a fundamental characteristic of the CLAS standards.
B)a characteristic and consequence of globalization.
C)an older approach to organizing social organizations.
D)a new way of socializing in the workplace.

Question 12

The CLAS standards refer to

A)the standards for culturally and linguistically appropriate services.
B)standards created to identify cultural approaches to assessing students.
C)standards for enhancing critical literary assessment skills.
D)the standards for culture, language, attitudes, and society.

Question 13

Which of the following statements is an example of potential ethnocentrism?

A)Gangster rap is one form of artistic expression for many African-American artists.
B)In some Asian countries, eating dogs is culturally acceptable.
C)The Japanese are unreasonable to sleep in the same bed as their children so much.
D)Physically altering neck length is a desirable trait in the Karen.

Question 14

Unlike the United States, the French culture puts more emphasis on

A)assimilation.
B)regionalism.
C)multiculturalism.
D)multilingualism.

Question 15

T he Person-In-Environment system does NOT address which of the following?

A)Social role problems
B)Global assessment of functioning
C)Mental disorders
D)Environmental problems

Question 16

The multidimensional framework includes

A)physical hazards and the biophysical dimension.
B)physical hazards, the biophysical dimension, the psychological dimension, and the social dimension.
C)the biophysical dimension, the psychological dimension, and the social dimension.
D)biochemical systems, cell systems, organ systems, and physiological systems.

Question 17

Which of the following statements is true about values and cultures?

A)Many cultures lack or do not have values.
B)There are about 36 values that people everywhere share.
C)French and United States citizens do not differ in terms of their valuation of the state.
D)In Kenyan society, it is acceptable for a mother to withhold food or snacks as a form of discipline.

Question 18

As social workers we assume

A)that the environment should receive priority in our assessments of human behavior.
B)that professionals must operate from a single theory that provides scientific explanations of their subject area.
C)that socialization is the most important contributor to a person's behavior patterns.
D)that no single factor can account for behavioral responses.

Question 19

Which of the following is a major tenet of crisis theory?

A)People respond poorly in a crisis if they do not have someone with them to intervene.
B)The type or crisis determines how a person will respond.
C)People respond differently to a crisis depending on the environmental supports and psychological mediators available.
D)Individual factors do not play much of a role in determining outcome.

Question 20

In order to avoid ethnocentrism, practitioners should

A)accept the fact that all traditions are equally valid.
B)not impose a value judgment from one's own community on the practices of another culture.
C)not discredit the practices of other cultures.
D)change their own value system.

Question 21

Social functioning does NOT

A)support the profession's focus on person-in-environment transactions.
B)refer to the client's ability to accomplish the tasks necessary for daily living.
C)refer to the client's ability to fulfill major social roles.
D)refer to the client's ability to fulfill the roles as defined by the social worker.

Question 22

Bobby is very proud of his culture. He knows that other people have different belief systems but his is the right one. This is an example of

A)ethnocentrism.
B)cultural imperialism.
C)cultural competence.
D)the nacirema.

Question 23

Adjustment refers to

A)known internal or external resources with known probabilities of producing positive developmental or other relevant behavioral outcomes.
B)how a biological organism responds to changes in the environment.
C)the processes involved in how a person copes with the demands and challenges of everyday life, including changes in the social environment.
D)the fact that risk factors threaten development and these negative effects will accumulate over time.

Question 24

______ is the science that studies the relations between organisms and their environments.

A)Microsystems
B)Environmentalism
C)Ecology
D)Environmental modification

Question 25

Cohort effects on human behavior are closely associated with

A)normative, age-graded influences on behavior.
B)normative, history-graded influences on human behavior.
C)non-normative influences on human behavior.
D)non-shared events.

Question 26

Life transitions are NOT

A)age-graded.
B)embedded in life trajectories.
C)the result of non-normative factors.
D)uncommon.

Question 27

The assumption that the causes of crime and delinquency can change over time is consistent with which theorists?

A)Gottfredson and Hirschi
B)Patterson and Hirschi
C)Sampson and Laub
D)Hirschi and Simmons

Question 28

Cultural values and beliefs can be best evaluated through

A)forced choice questionnaires.
B)asking about explicit rules.
C)their meaning to outsiders.
D)their meaning for the people who practice them.

Question 29

Protective factors are

A)any well-known event, experience, or circumstance that is associated with a positive developmental outcome.
B)any well-known event, experience, or circumstance that is associated with a negative developmental outcome.
C)any well-known event, experience, or circumstance that is associated with a neutral developmental outcome.
D)not informative to understanding a developmental outcome.

Question 30

Which of the following is NOT a level of system?

A)Microsystem
B)Middlesystem
C)Exosystem
D)Macrosystem

Question 31

Resilience does NOT

A)have an association with protective factors.
B)only happen in older adulthood.
C)refer to a person's ability to make positive adjustments under conditions of adversity.
D)help us understand how to buffer individuals from negative outcomes after exposure to known risk factors.

Question 32

The following are examples of risk factors across the environment EXCEPT

A)difficult temperament, peer rejection, and discrimination.
B)family disharmony, poor connection at school, and emotional trauma.
C)participation in community networks, strong family values, and easy temperament.
D)death of a family member, parents with mental illness, and low self-esteem.

Question 33

Work and Marriage were considered key turning points to crime trajectories for

A)the General Theory of Crime.
B)persons with good attachment in childhood.
C)Patterson's study of the Great Depression.
D)youth with high propensities toward crime.

Question 34

When studying the ecological influences of a child, the parental work setting is an example of which level of system?

A)Microsystem
B)Macrosystem
C)Mesosystem
D)Exosystem

Question 35

Age norms represent

A)the socially and culturally defined expectations for how people should behave at a specific point in the life span.
B)the socially and culturally defined expectations for how people should behave at a specific point in history.
C)personally defined expectations for how people should behave at a specific point in the life span.
D)personally defined expectations for how people should behave at a specific point in history.