Deck 19: Medications, Diet-Drug Interactions, and Herbal Products

Question 1

What is the purpose of MedWatch?

A)to  monitor the need for new medications, especially those for rare illnesses
B)to  identify and monitor the use of prescription drugs that can be abused or misused
C)to  set the prices for prescription medications
D)to  encourage healthcare professionals and consumers to report problems with medications

Answer 1

D

Question 2

Why are the elderly more vulnerable to adverse effects from medications than other populations?

A)impaired function of the liver or kidneys
B)inability to afford multiple medications
C)the focus on older adults among clinical trials
D)susceptibility to acute infections

Answer 2

A

Question 3

Alexander is administering a medication via injection to his patient. Therefore, his patient is receiving the drug ____.

A)transdermally
B)intramuscularly
C)sublingually
D)orally

Answer 3

B

Question 4

Most drugs are administered through which route?

A)orally
B)sublingually
C)transdermally
D)by injection

Question 5

Which measurement is written correctly?

A)7.0
B).70
C)0.7
D).77

Question 6

In which way can a diet-drug interaction alter nutrient excretion? ​

A)by acting as structural analogs
B)by increasing drug action to excessive levels
C)by causing diarrhea or vomiting
D)by damaging mucosal cells

Question 7

Prescription drugs are given over-the-counter (OTC)status when ____.

A)20 years have passed since the drug was first released
B)they are considered safe enough for self-medication
C)the bioavailability of the drug is similar to that of a generic preparation
D)their mechanism of action outweighs their side effects

Question 8

Charbroiled meats may increase the metabolism of ____. ​

A)tetracycline
B)warfarin
C)amphetamine
D)phenobarbital

Question 9

What intervention would most likely reduce the risk of adverse effects from medications?

A)A dvise patients to take the drugs on a continuous schedule.
B)​T ell the patient to write down side effects after he has finished the prescription.
C)​E ncourage a patient to call the physician or nurse prior to taking each dose of the medication.
D)​O btain a list of all drugs and herbal supplements the patient is taking.

Question 10

Loss of drug potency associated with metabolism by liver enzymes is referred to as ____.

A)hepatic degradation
B)first-pass elimination
C)enzymatic elimination
D)unavoidable loss

Question 11

A drug that alters digestive tract acidity may interact with diet by altering ____. ​

A)food intake
B)motivation to take the drug
C)nutrient absorption
D)nutrient excretion

Question 12

Food substances and drugs may interact and cause toxicity by ____. ​

A)increasing side effects of the drug
B)causing diarrhea and vomiting
C)damaging mucosal cells
D)interfering with the sense of smell

Question 13

What organization is responsible for approving sales of new medications and inspecting facilities where drugs are manufactured?

A)Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS)
B)Food and Drug Administration (FDA)
C)United States Department of Agriculture (USDA)
D)Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)

Question 14

Any preventable event that causes inappropriate drug use or patient harm due to mistakes made by the health professional, patient, or caregiver is known as a(n)____. ​

A)diet-drug interaction
B)adverse reaction
C)drug-drug interaction
D)medication error

Question 15

What is a policy that has been developed to reduce the risk of mistakes when administering medications? ​

A)bar codes on medications
B)increased off-label medication use
C)mandatory reporting of side effects
D)monitored drug disposal in pharmacies

Question 16

What is a prohibited term in clinical documentation?

A)IU
B)mg
C)unit
D)0.1 mL

Question 17

To gain FDA approval, a generic drug must ____.

A)be less expensive than the original drug
B)have the exact bioavailability as the brand-name drug
C)have a similar name as the brand-name drug
D)contain the same ingredients as the original drug

Question 18

A drug that alters taste and smell may interact with diet by altering ____. ​

A)food intake
B)motivation to take the drug
C)nutrient absorption
D)nutrient excretion

Question 19

Bile acid binders may also bind to ____. ​

A)water-soluble vitamins
B)trace minerals
C)fat-soluble vitamins
D)protein analogs

Question 20

Which medical abbreviation can be mistaken for "every day"?

A)TWA
B)TIW
C)TID
D)QOD

Question 21

What describes a potential adverse effect of using St. John's wort? ​

A)skin photosensitivity
B)heartburn
C)liver damage
D)weight gain

Question 22

A person who takes phenobarbital regularly may need supplements of which nutrient? ​

A)vitamin D
B)magnesium
C)potassium
D)vitamin C

Question 23

Altered excretion of potassium, magnesium, and calcium are side effects associated with the use of ____. ​

A)narcotics
B)antihypertensives
C)diuretics
D)laxatives

Question 24

A person who takes an MAOI and consumes food that contains tyramine could suffer from ____.

A)hearing loss
B)peripheral edema
C)hallucinations
D)severe headache

Question 25

Methotrexate resembles ____ in structure and competes with it for the enzyme that converts it to its active form. ​

A)iron
B)folate
C)phosphorus
D)calcium

Question 26

Mr. White has been prescribed corticosteroids. He should expect ____. ​

A)suppression of appetite
B)weight loss
C)reduced depression
D)increased appetite

Question 27

A possible side effect of some antibiotics, such as ciprofloxacin, is ____. ​

A)dry mouth
B)reduced calcium absorption
C)reduced iron absorption
D)enhanced tumor growth

Question 28

The antifungal agent ketoconazole is absorbed better ____. ​

A)with meals
B)on an empty stomach
C)immediately upon awakening
D)just prior to bed

Question 29

Dietary and herbal supplements that can interact with warfarin include ____. ​

A)dong quai
B)vitamin D
C)vitamin C
D)Echinacea

Question 30

Excretion of calcium and potassium may be increased by some ____. ​

A)diuretics
B)antihistamines
C)antidepressants
D)psychotropics

Question 31

A patient who is taking an MAOI should avoid which lunchtime entrée? ​

A)Reuben sandwich
B)split pea soup
C)lettuce salad with ranch dressing
D)pork chops with steamed carrots

Question 32

Which medication would most likely cause nutrient malabsorption because of damage to the gastrointestinal tract? ​

A)anticonvulsants
B)antineoplastics
C)antivirals
D)antihypertensives

Question 33

The scientific name for black cohosh is ____. ​

A)Cimicifuga racemosa
B)Tanacetum parthenium
C)Zingiber officinale
D)Serenoa repens

Question 34

Mr. Ahmed has bladder cancer. His appetite, intake, and weight have declined over the past few weeks. The doctor prescribes ____ to increase his intake. ​

A)methotrexate
B)megestrol acetate
C)amphetamines
D)liver enzymes

Question 35

Which central nervous system-acting drug is affected by grapefruit juice? ​

A)carbamazepine
B)haloperidol
C)lorazepam
D)risperidone

Question 36

Glenn has been on corticosteroids for many years. This long-term use may cause ____. ​

A)weight loss
B)osteoporosis
C)hypoglycemia
D)appetite suppression

Question 37

The amount of lithium reabsorbed in the kidneys is similar to the amount of ____ that is reabsorbed, so dehydration can result in lithium retention. ​

A)sodium
B)folate
C)magnesium
D)phosphorus

Question 38

Ms. Holmes is taking an MAO inhibitor. She is at the food court and needs to pick the best meal. Which food would contain the largest amount of tyramine? ​

A)chocolate
B)scrambled eggs
C)hot dogs
D)Swiss cheese

Question 39

Betty has been prescribed an antiulcer agent. Her physician will monitor Betty's ____ for side effects. ​

A)iron status
B)GI comfort
C)renal function
D)sodium excretion

Question 40

Mrs. Appleton has been diagnosed with depression and her physician has prescribed a monoamine oxidase inhibitor. He instructs her to avoid consuming large amounts of tyramine. Which food should be safe for Mrs. Appleton's diet? ​

A)aged cheese
B)oranges
C)mushrooms
D)sausage

Question 41

Homeopathic medicine and naturopathic medicine are examples of ____. ​

A)mind-body interventions
B)manual healing methods
C)alternative systems of medical practice
D)pharmacological treatments

Question 42

Emma Wiseman is an 85-year-old widow and retired elementary school teacher. She lives alone and her closest relatives live about an hour away. She has a past medical history of breast cancer, hypertension, and osteoporosis. Emma currently takes six medications. She has been having difficulty opening her medication bottles and decided to put all of her pills into one container. After doing this she realizes that some of them look the same and she is unsure which medication she should take with her dinner. Upon further examination, one of Emma's medications is identified as an herbal supplement that may treat dementia and memory deficits. This medication is most likely ____. ​

A)garlic
B)ginger
C)gingko
D)ginseng

Question 43

The complementary/alternative approach that proposes that a person's natural "life force" can foster self-healing is called ____. ​

A)chiropractic
B)homeopathy
C)biofeedback
D)naturopathic medicine

Question 44

Chamomile has been shown to have an interaction with which type of drug? ​

A)anticoagulants
B)immunosuppressants
C)antiarrhythmics
D)diuretics

Question 45

In a university study that evaluated the authenticity of 44 single-herb supplements, ____ percent of the products were found to contain a completely different plant species than was listed on the label. ​

A)12
B)32
C)49
D)61

Question 46

Consumers rarely find ____ listed on supplement labels. ​

A)adverse effects of herbs
B)the name of the manufacturer
C)ambiguous statements about health benefits
D)incorrect information about herb species or potency

Question 47

When goldenseal is used with anticoagulants, which side effect is the patient at risk for? ​

A)hypotension
B)cardiac arrhythmias
C)blood clots
D)aortic aneurysm

Question 48

Which herbal preparation has been associated with the occurrence of mouth and tongue sores? ​

A)saw palmetto
B)feverfew
C)ginseng
D)yohimbe

Question 49

Which herb is correctly paired with its common use among consumers? ​

A)feverfew - treatment of mild-to-moderate depression
B)black cohosh - relief of menopausal symptoms
C)saw palmetto - prevention of migraine headaches
D)ginger - wound healing (topical use)

Question 50

Emma Wiseman is an 85-year-old widow and retired elementary school teacher. She lives alone and her closest relatives live about an hour away. She has a past medical history of breast cancer, hypertension, and osteoporosis. Emma currently takes six medications. She has been having difficulty opening her medication bottles and decided to put all of her pills into one container. After doing this she realizes that some of them look the same and she is unsure which medication she should take with her dinner. Emma reports that she has had decreased appetite and weight loss over the last three days. She may be suffering from ____. ​

A)a medication error
B)medication side effects
C)anorexia
D)cross reactivity

Question 51

Which method is based on the theory that "like cures like?"

A)chiropractic
B)homeopathy
C)biofeedback
D)naturopathic medicine

Question 52

Which herbal preparation may be taken to reduce blood clotting? ​

A)St. John's wort
B)garlic
C)ginseng
D)valerian

Question 53

What are the most common adverse effects of herbs? ​

A)diarrhea, nausea, and vomiting
B)liver damage
C)renal failure
D)seizures and heart palpitations

Question 54

Which herbal preparation may be taken to treat erectile dysfunction? ​

A)saw palmetto
B)feverfew
C)ginseng
D)yohimbe

Question 55

What best explains why older adults are at higher risk of drug interactions with herbal supplements? ​

A)Older adults are more likely to take more than three different medications at a time.
B)The bodies of older adults cannot process herbal supplements at all.
C)Older adults do not always understand how to buy the correct supplements for what they need.
D)The herbal supplements provided to older adults are more likely to have fillers and toxic agents.

Question 56

Emma Wiseman is an 85-year-old widow and retired elementary school teacher. She lives alone and her closest relatives live about an hour away. She has a past medical history of breast cancer, hypertension, and osteoporosis. Emma currently takes six medications. She has been having difficulty opening her medication bottles and decided to put all of her pills into one container. After doing this she realizes that some of them look the same and she is unsure which medication she should take with her dinner. This situation may have been prevented by identifying Emma as ____. ​

A)part of a low-risk group
B)one who takes multiple medications
C)one who needs herbal products
D)one who should consider alternative medicine

Question 57

An example of a mind-body intervention is ____. ​

A)Ayurveda
B)faith healing
C)ozone therapy
D)homeopathy

Question 58

Emma Wiseman is an 85-year-old widow and retired elementary school teacher. She lives alone and her closest relatives live about an hour away. She has a past medical history of breast cancer, hypertension, and osteoporosis. Emma currently takes six medications. She has been having difficulty opening her medication bottles and decided to put all of her pills into one container. After doing this she realizes that some of them look the same and she is unsure which medication she should take with her dinner. ​ Emma should ____.

A)take any pill
B)contact her pharmacist
C)stop her medications
D)purchase OTC medications instead

Question 59

Physicians who refer patients for complementary therapies while continuing to provide standard treatments are practicing what is known as ____ medicine. ​

A)integrative
B)complementary
C)alternative
D)conventional

Question 60

Emma Wiseman is an 85-year-old widow and retired elementary school teacher. She lives alone and her closest relatives live about an hour away. She has a past medical history of breast cancer, hypertension, and osteoporosis. Emma currently takes six medications. She has been having difficulty opening her medication bottles and decided to put all of her pills into one container. After doing this she realizes that some of them look the same and she is unsure which medication she should take with her dinner. Which condition and its medication/treatment could cause Emma to have mouth sores? ​

A)cancer
B)osteoporosis
C)depression
D)hypertension

Question 64

Ralph Mitchell is a 53-year-old male. He is happily married with three children and has his own business. Today, he is having his yearly physical. He lists the following medications on his "Patient History" paperwork: aspirin, lovastatin, hydrochlorothiazide, warfarin, garlic, and vitamin C. ​ Upon reviewing his medications, we can assume that Ralph suffers from ____.

A)obesity
B)diabetes
C)osteoporosis
D)cardiovascular disease

Question 66

Ralph Mitchell is a 53-year-old male. He is happily married with three children and has his own business. Today, he is having his yearly physical. He lists the following medications on his "Patient History" paperwork: aspirin, lovastatin, hydrochlorothiazide, warfarin, garlic, and vitamin C. Ralph shouldn't drink ____. ​

A)water
B)milk
C)grapefruit juice
D)orange juice

Question 72

Ralph Mitchell is a 53-year-old male. He is happily married with three children and has his own business. Today, he is having his yearly physical. He lists the following medications on his "Patient History" paperwork: aspirin, lovastatin, hydrochlorothiazide, warfarin, garlic, and vitamin C. Which of Ralph's medications is an OTC drug? ​

A)aspirin
B)lovastatin
C)warfarin
D)hydrochlorothiazide

Question 73

Ralph Mitchell is a 53-year-old male. He is happily married with three children and has his own business. Today, he is having his yearly physical. He lists the following medications on his "Patient History" paperwork: aspirin, lovastatin, hydrochlorothiazide, warfarin, garlic, and vitamin C. Which of Ralph's medications requires a prescription? ​

A)aspirin
B)lovastatin
C)garlic
D)vitamin C

Question 77

Ralph Mitchell is a 53-year-old male. He is happily married with three children and has his own business. Today, he is having his yearly physical. He lists the following medications on his "Patient History" paperwork: aspirin, lovastatin, hydrochlorothiazide, warfarin, garlic, and vitamin C. Given the medications he is taking, Ralph needs to control his intake of ____. ​

A)chocolate
B)charbroiled meats
C)chicken wings
D)applesauce