Deck 18: Fiber-Modified Diets for Lower Gastrointestinal Tract Disorders

Question 1

A high-fiber diet increases stool weight and fecal water content.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

Use of stimulant laxatives can lead to:

A)fluid and electrolyte imbalances.
B)anemia.
C)increased appetite.
D)hyperglycemia.
E)edema.

Answer 2

A

Question 3

Which active ingredient is found in the bulk-forming fiber supplement Metamucil?

A)methylcellulose
B)psyllium
C)polycarbophil
D)malt soup extract
E)aloe

Answer 3

B

Question 4

Constipation is associated with a lack of physical activity. ​

Question 5

Diverticulitis and ulcerative colitis are the two most prevalent inflammatory bowel diseases.

Question 6

Flatulence can be an unpleasant side effect of consuming a high-fiber diet.

Question 7

Which beverage is least likely to increase intestinal gas?

A)orange juice
B)beer
C)carbonated lemon-lime soda
D)tea
E)apple juice

Question 8

Charlie is trying to change his eating behaviors and start following a high-fiber diet. The best advice you can give him is to:

A)purchase a bulk-forming agent.
B)gradually add high-fiber foods to his diet.
C)avoid milk products that contain residue.
D)limit his fluid intake.
E)eat one or two large meals a day.

Question 9

Foods useful in increasing dietary fiber include:

A)bran, milk, and mashed potatoes.
B)peanut butter, oranges, and strawberry jam.
C)saltine crackers, watermelon, and eggs.
D)whole-wheat bread, black beans, and popcorn.
E)white bread, eggs, and yogurt.

Question 10

People with irritable bowel syndrome tend to have excessive colonic responses to meals, gastrointestinal (GI)hormones, and stress.

Question 11

Which disorder does not improve with modified fiber intake?

A)constipation
B)irritable bowel syndrome
C)inflammatory bowel diseases
D)gallbladder disease
E)heart disease

Question 12

The development of diverticulosis is influenced by the type of dietary protein one consumes.

Question 13

The DRI for fiber for an adult male between the ages of 19 and 50 years old is 38 grams per day.

Question 14

Which food is most likely to increase intestinal gas?

A)cabbage
B)tomatoes
C)green beans
D)walnuts
E)white bread

Question 15

The patient with a colostomy or ileostomy should restrict fluid intake.

Question 16

Diverticulitis is an inflammatory bowel disease that occurs in the small intestine and affects the entire intestinal wall.

Question 17

Constipation is diagnosed when a person does not have daily bowel movements.

Question 18

A side effect of consuming a high-fiber diet is:

A)flatulence.
B)an ostomy.
C)bacterial overgrowth.
D)diverticulosis.
E)gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD).

Question 19

Constipation may be caused by all of these factors EXCEPT:

A)a low-fiber diet.
B)physical inactivity.
C)medications.
D)a viral infection.
E)inadequate fluid intake.

Question 20

Dietary suggestions for treating constipation are aimed at:

A)decreasing dietary fiber and fluids.
B)increasing dietary fiber and fluids.
C)increasing dietary protein.
D)increasing carbohydrate intake.
E)increasing fat and protein intake.

Question 21

A patient whose intestinal mucosa has a cobblestone appearance most likely has:

A)irritable bowel syndrome.
B)GERD.
C)ulcerative colitis.
D)fistulas.
E)Crohn's disease.

Question 22

Secretory diarrhea may be caused by:

A)bacterial food poisoning.
B)lactose intolerance.
C)irritable bowel syndrome.
D)swallowed air.
E)overuse of laxatives.

Question 23

The bleeding and insufficient absorption of iron, folate, and vitamin B₁₂ commonly observed in patients with Crohn's disease can cause:

A)malabsorption.
B)fluid and electrolyte imbalances.
C)anemia.
D)weight loss.
E)hypertension.

Question 24

The mother of a toddler is concerned about her child's frequent episodes of diarrhea. The dietitian suggests that the mother reduce the child's intake of:

A)oatmeal.
B)fruit juice.
C)rice.
D)yogurt.
E)bananas.

Question 25

Which food may help to alleviate diarrhea?

A)applesauce
B)pear juice
C)milk
D)sugar-free candies
E)coffee

Question 26

Diarrhea is often classified according to the cause of the fluid loss. Nutrient malabsorption causes _____ diarrhea.

A)osmotic
B)secretory
C)intractable
D)acute
E)motility

Question 27

Which statement characterizes irritable bowel syndrome? ​

A)Symptoms often improve during periods of psychological stress.
B)It is associated with alternating episodes of diarrhea and constipation.
C)Herbal remedies are effective at relieving symptoms.
D)The most common recommendation is to gradually decrease fiber intake .
E)It is associated with increased risk of fistulas.

Question 28

Ulceritive colitis always involves the:

A)esophagus.
B)stomach.
C)duodenum.
D)ileum.
E)rectum.

Question 29

Inflammation that may extend deeply into intestinal tissue and be accompanied by ulcerations, fissures, and fistulas is characteristic of: celiac disease

A)Crohn's disease.
B)ulcerative colitis.
C)celiac disease.
D)irritable bowel syndrome.
E)gluten-intolerance.

Question 30

During an exacerbation of inflammatory bowel disease, the patient should be placed on small, frequent meals of _____ to minimize stool output and reduce symptoms of malabsorption.

A)a low-sodium, low-kcalorie diet ​
B)a low-fat, low-fiber diet
C)a low-protein diet
D)parenteral nutrition
E)a clear liquid diet

Question 31

Which substance would not be included in a homemade oral rehydration solution?

A)table salt
B)sugar
C)baking soda
D)cornstarch
E)potassium chloride

Question 32

Billy consumed the following foods at lunch: a hamburger with lettuce, tomato, and catsup on a bun; potato salad; and a diet carbonated beverage. Later that afternoon, Billy began to experience gas. Which of the following foods was most likely responsible for production of intestinal gas?

A)hamburger meat
B)tomato
C)potato salad
D)diet carbonated beverage
E)white bread

Question 33

An excessive colonic response to meals, GI hormones, and stress is characteristic of:

A)celiac disease.
B)ulcerative colitis.
C)Crohn's disease.
D)irritable bowel syndrome.
E)fistulas.

Question 34

Mr. Taylor seeks medical treatment for frequent, urgent bowel movements streaked with mucus and blood, and tests reveal a large, continuous area of inflammation affecting the first two layers of tissue in his rectum. What is Mr. Taylor's likely diagnosis?

A)Crohn's disease
B)ulcerative colitis
C)celiac disease
D)irritable bowel syndrome
E)fistulas

Question 35

Lily is experiencing a sudden bout of diarrhea. Which food may worsen her symptoms?

A)adding salt to foods
B)whole-wheat breads and cereals
C)noodles and couscous
D)bananas and peeled apples
E)coffee

Question 36

Which form of inflammatory bowel disease is characterized by "skip" lesions?

A)Crohn's disease
B)ulcerative colitis
C)irritable bowel syndrome
D)diverticulosis
E)GERD

Question 37

Which strategy would be the first step in the treatment of someone with diarrhea?

A)correct the underlying medical condition
B)place the patient on a clear liquid diet
C)start parenteral nutrition
D)start an oral rehydration solution
E)start IV fluids.

Question 38

Food borne illnesses can cause:

A)osmotic diarrhea.
B)steatorrhea.
C)secretory diarrhea.
D)chronic diarrhea.
E)hyperosmotic diarrhea.

Question 39

Commercial sports drinks are not recommended for the treatment of severe diarrhea because they are too:

A)expensive.
B)high in sodium.
C)low in sodium.
D)low in potassium.
E)low in water content.

Question 40

The treatment for irritable bowel syndrome includes all of these methods EXCEPT:

A)surgery.
B)dietary adjustments.
C)stress management.
D)behavioral therapy.
E)increased fiber intake.

Question 41

Which foods will provide sufficient probiotic bacteria to influence the bacterial population in the large intestine?

A)two servings of margarine
B)one serving of yogurt
C)two servings of cottage cheese
D)one serving of honey
E)one serving of chicory

Question 42

All of these foods may cause difficulty for ostomy patients EXCEPT:

A)bananas.
B)popcorn.
C)coconut.
D)raisins.
E)nuts.

Question 43

Nonpathogenic bacteria in the intestinal tract perform all of these functions EXCEPT:

A)degrading undigested or unabsorbed dietary carbohydrate.
B)producing certain vitamins.
C)preventing invasion of tissues by pathogenic bacteria.
D)stimulating the production of proteins.
E)assisting in the development and maintenance of the mucosal lining.

Question 44

Diverticular disease often occurs with:

A)a bacterial infection.
B)aging.
C)constipation.
D)food intolerances.
E)hypertension.

Question 45

Mary has been diagnosed with irritable bowel syndrome. Although clinical studies suggest that it may not be beneficial, which dietary modification might her dietitian recommend?

A)a high-fiber diet
B)a low-fiber diet
C)a liquid diet
D)a low-salt diet
E)a hyperosmotic diet

Question 46

Case Study Questions
Use the following case study to answer questions
Noel is a 33-year-old kindergarten teacher who recently visited her doctor complaining of the sudden onset of diarrhea, abdominal pain, and bloody stools. Lab tests, imaging studies, and an endoscopy were used to diagnose Crohn's disease. Drug therapy has helped to control the symptoms, but Noel has been told that there is no cure for the disease and she may experience exacerbations from time to time for the rest of her life.
If Noel's Crohn's disease worsens, it could place her at risk for malnutrition due to all of these reasons EXCEPT:

A)reduced food intake.
B)surgery that shortens the small intestine.
C)malabsorption of nutrients.
D)ulceration in the esophagus.
E)mucosal scarring.

Question 47

The incidence of diverticulosis may be reduced by diets:

A)low in dietary fiber and residue.
B)high in dietary fiber and fat.
C)high in dietary fiber.
D)high in dietary protein.
E)low in sodium.

Question 48

The patient with a colostomy or ileostomy is usually concerned about foods that cause:

A)gas and odor.
B)weight gain.
C)fluid retention.
D)anemia.
E)diarrhea.

Question 49

Nondigestible substances in foods that stimulate the growth of nonpathogenic bacteria within the large intestine are called:

A)probiotics.
B)prebiotics.
C)intestinal flora.
D)pathogenic bacteria.
E)bacterial translocation.

Question 50

To help control diarrhea, people with ostomies should consume:

A)applesauce.
B)caffeine.
C)sugar-free candy.
D)grapes.
E)nuts.

Question 51

Case Study Questions
Use the following case study to answer questions
Noel is a 33-year-old kindergarten teacher who recently visited her doctor complaining of the sudden onset of diarrhea, abdominal pain, and bloody stools. Lab tests, imaging studies, and an endoscopy were used to diagnose Crohn's disease. Drug therapy has helped to control the symptoms, but Noel has been told that there is no cure for the disease and she may experience exacerbations from time to time for the rest of her life.
Noel will need to be monitored for _____, due to the increased risk that accompanies Crohn's disease.

A)diverticula
B)gluten sensitivity
C)gallbladder disease
D)obesity
E)intestinal cancer

Question 52

Case Study Questions
Use the following case study to answer questions
Noel is a 33-year-old kindergarten teacher who recently visited her doctor complaining of the sudden onset of diarrhea, abdominal pain, and bloody stools. Lab tests, imaging studies, and an endoscopy were used to diagnose Crohn's disease. Drug therapy has helped to control the symptoms, but Noel has been told that there is no cure for the disease and she may experience exacerbations from time to time for the rest of her life.
Noel requires aggressive dietary management of her disease, otherwise _____ could result.

A)nutrient deficiencies and protein-energy malnutrition
B)problems with chronic constipation and laxative use
C)dehydration and electrolyte imbalances
D)a higher risk of pancreatic cancer
E)a higher risk of liver cirrhosis

Question 53

Which dietary adjustment is not recommended for individuals with irritable bowel syndrome?

A)avoid fried and fatty foods
B)avoid alcohol
C)consume small, frequent meals
D)increase consumption of milk products
E)gradually increase fiber intake

Question 54

Much of the research investigating probiotics and intestinal illness has focused on the prevention and treatment of:

A)irritable bowel syndrome.
B)diverticular disease.
C)infectious diarrhea.
D)Crohn's disease.
E)gluten intolerance.

Question 55

Case Study Questions
Use the following case study to answer questions
Noel is a 33-year-old kindergarten teacher who recently visited her doctor complaining of the sudden onset of diarrhea, abdominal pain, and bloody stools. Lab tests, imaging studies, and an endoscopy were used to diagnose Crohn's disease. Drug therapy has helped to control the symptoms, but Noel has been told that there is no cure for the disease and she may experience exacerbations from time to time for the rest of her life.
During a flare-up of her disease, Noel should follow a ______ diet.

A)high-fiber, high-fat
B)low-sodium
C)low-fiber, low-fat
D)high-fat
E)low-sodium, low-fiber

Question 56

The primary purpose of a low-fiber diet for ostomy patients is to:

A)stimulate peristalsis.
B)increase bulk in the colon.
C)decrease stool output.
D)decrease hydrochloric acid production.
E)reduce fluid loss.

Question 57

Removal of all or a portion of the colon is referred to as a(n):

A)colostomy.
B)colectomy.
C)ileostomy.
D)gastrectomy.
E)ostomy.

Question 58

Case Study Questions
Use the following case study to answer questions
Noel is a 33-year-old kindergarten teacher who recently visited her doctor complaining of the sudden onset of diarrhea, abdominal pain, and bloody stools. Lab tests, imaging studies, and an endoscopy were used to diagnose Crohn's disease. Drug therapy has helped to control the symptoms, but Noel has been told that there is no cure for the disease and she may experience exacerbations from time to time for the rest of her life.
Noel was prescribed a corticosteroid to help with the inflammation associated with Crohn's disease. What is a possible side effect of this medication?

A)diarrhea
B)fluid retention
C)dehydration
D)loss of appetite
E)low blood pressure

Question 59

Case Study Questions
Use the following case study to answer questions
Noel is a 33-year-old kindergarten teacher who recently visited her doctor complaining of the sudden onset of diarrhea, abdominal pain, and bloody stools. Lab tests, imaging studies, and an endoscopy were used to diagnose Crohn's disease. Drug therapy has helped to control the symptoms, but Noel has been told that there is no cure for the disease and she may experience exacerbations from time to time for the rest of her life.
Noel's Crohn's disease has most likely resulted in inflammation of her:

A)gallbladder.
B)ileum and/or colon.
C)duodenum and/or jejunum.
D)pancreas.
E)liver.

Question 60

The most common complication of diverticulosis is:

A)irritable bowel syndrome.
B)weight gain.
C)fistula development.
D)Crohn's disease.
E)diverticulitis.

Question 61

Which feature is common to both ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease?

A)increased risk of cancer
B)in about one third of cases, the inflammation is confined to the colon
C)inflammation is continuous throughout the affected region
D)presence of "skip" lesions
E)presence of fistulas

Question 63

Which symptom is consistent with ulcerative colitis?

A)inflammation confined to the rectum and colon
B)discrete lesions separated by normal tissue
C)cobblestone appearance of tissue
D)presence of fistulas
E)decreased risk of cancer

Question 64

If the infection responsible for diverticulitis spreads to adjacent organs, _____ may result. ​

A)irritable bowel syndrome
B)weight gain
C)fistulas
D)malnutrition
E)Crohn's disease

Question 70

In order for probiotic microbes to have health benefits, they must:

A)be pathogenic when consumed.
B)be absorbed in the stomach.
C)alter the intestinal environment in a beneficial way.
D)always colonize the intestines .
E)be effective when ingested in small amounts.

Question 72

The two major forms of inflammatory bowel disease include:

A)diarrhea and constipation.
B)Crohn's disease and gluten intolerance.
C)celiac disease and Crohn's disease.
D)diverticulitis and diarrhea.
E)Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis.

Question 73

The ______ contains the highest concentration of bacterial populations in the GI tract.

A)mouth
B)stomach
C)duodenum
D)ileum
E)colon

Question 74

Constipation is particularly prevalent in:

A)children.
B)people who exercise regularly.
C)men of all ages.
D)women.
E)adults under the age of 50 years old.

Question 78

Probiotic therapy may be beneficial in treating which type of diarrhea? ​

A)osmotic
B)excretory
C)infectious
D)irritable
E)spasmic

Question 79

Which type of medication relieves constipation by stimulating peristaltic contractions?

A)fiber
B)Citrucel
C)laxatives
D)psyllium
E)Metamucil

Question 80

Which treatment is not used to control the symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome?

A)dietary adjustments
B)stress management
C)antidepressants
D)antibiotics
E)antivirals