Deck 1: The Evolution of Law Enforcement

Question 1

Laws are based on

A) customs.
B) traditions.
C) mores.
D) current need.
E) all of these choices.

Answer 1

E

Question 2

One primary factor that underlined police corruption was the prevalent spoils system.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

"Due process" of law was established by the

A) Code of Hammurabi.
B) Leges Henrici.
C) Magna Carta.
D) Frankpledge system.
E) tithing system.

Answer 3

C

Question 4

The coroner's principal task is to determine the cause of death and to take care of the remains and personal effects of the deceased.

Question 5

The FBI laboratory is the largest criminal laboratory in the world.

Question 6

The first recorded accounts of a developing court system came from

A) Egypt.
B) Greece.
C) Rome.
D) France.
E) China.

Question 7

Established in 1862, the Internal Revenue Service is the largest bureau of the Department of Treasury.

Question 8

Henry Fielding was one of London's harshest chief magistrates, sentencing prisoners convicted of even minor crimes, such as petty theft, to the death penalty.

Question 9

The first English police officer was the

A) bobbie.
B) sheriff.
C) constable.
D) shire.
E) shire-reeve.

Question 10

Ancient China developed this judicial system.

A) ephori
B) prefecture
C) the vigiles
D) ostracism
E) the court system

Question 11

The first detective unit in London was known as

A) the Bow Street Runners.
B) the Rookeries Squad.
C) the Magistrate's Pride.
D) Peel's Principles.
E) investigateurs des moeurs.

Question 12

O. W. Wilson is considered the "father of American policing."

Question 13

During the 14th century, the shire-reeve was replaced by the

A) king.
B) sheriff.
C) constable.
D) justice of the peace.
E) warden.

Question 14

During the political era, African American police officers were often segregated from white police officers.

Question 15

The basic notion of the Code of Hammurabi was

A) business as usual.
B) the golden rule.
C) reduce building costs.
D) the strong shall not injure the weak.
E) the strong have ultimate power over the weak.

Question 16

There are only 50 Tribal Police Agencies in the United States.

Question 17

In prehistoric social orders, the chief of the tribe had which of the following powers?

A) legislative
B) executive
C) judicial
D) legislative, executive, and judicial
E) none of these choices

Question 18

The Texas Rangers were originally established as a military unit responsible for border patrol.

Question 19

In early English law enforcement, the system that provided citizens protection 24 hours a day was known as the

A) police des moeurs.
B) hue and cry.
C) watch and ward system.
D) parish constable system.
E) tithing system.

Question 20

The Department of the Treasury is organized under the Federal Bureau of Investigation.

Question 21

The primary investigative agency of the federal government is the

A) FBI.
B) CIA.
C) DEA.
D) Bureau of Customs.
E) U.S. Marshals.

Question 22

The first uniformed American police force was established in

A) Philadelphia.
B) Boston.
C) Norfolk.
D) Los Angeles.
E) New York.

Question 23

In England, any person who discovered a crime would raise the

A) bell ringer's alarm.
B) rattle watch.
C) hue and cry.
D) whistler.
E) watch and ward.

Question 24

The largest law office in the country, it represents U.S. citizens in enforcing the law.

A) Treasury Department
B) Secret Service
C) Bureau of Citizenship and Immigration Services
D) Bureau of Customs and Border Protection
E) Department of Justice

Question 25

In 1883, the London Metropolitan Police appointed two women whose duties were to

A) search females.
B) keep the records.
C) supervise women convicts.
D) supervise juvenile delinquents.
E) all of these choices.

Question 26

The first well-known detective in the United States was

A) Sir Henry Fielding.
B) Sir Robert Peel.
C) Allan Pinkerton.
D) O. W. Wilson

Question 27

Who is responsible for the care and custody of persons convicted of federal crimes and sentenced to federal penal institutions?

A) FBI
B) DEA
C) BOP
D) U.S. Marshals
E) Internal Revenue Service

Question 28

The agency responsible for fighting currency counterfeiters is the

A) FBI.
B) Customs Department.
C) CIA.
D) Secret Service.
E) U.S. Marshals.

Question 29

According to the text, the first woman hired to actually carry out police duties was

A) Alice Stebbins Wells.
B) Lola Baldwin.
C) Marie Owens.
D) Elizabeth Lossing.

Question 30

Who is appointed by the president and responsible for protecting government witnesses?

A) FBI
B) DEA
C) BOP
D) U.S. Marshals
E) Internal Revenue Service

Question 31

The essence of Peelian reform was the belief that

A) police must be autonomous.
B) the police should strive to maintain a relationship with the public.
C) police officers should be hired on a permanent basis.
D) police headquarters should be decentralized.
E) police must be under private control.

Question 32

Which agency is the largest bureau of the Department of Treasury?

A) Secret Service
B) Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms, and Explosives
C) U.S. Marshals
D) Internal Revenue Service
E) none of these choices

Question 33

The state that adopted legislation that created the first juvenile court was

A) Colorado.
B) Illinois.
C) Ohio.
D) New York.
E) Massachusetts.

Question 34

The Uniform Crime Reports is a service provided to police agencies throughout the country by the

A) IRS.
B) FBI.
C) DEA.
D) INS.
E) CIA.

Question 35

The____________________________________prohibits discrimination on the basis of sex, race, color, religion, or national origin in employment of any kind, public or private, local, state, or federal.

Question 36

Which agency is charged with the full responsibility of prosecuting suspected violators of federal drug laws?

A) FBI
B) DEA
C) BOP
D) U.S. Marshals
E) all of these

Question 37

The Magna Carta laid the foundation for

A) requiring rulers to uphold the law.
B) providing safeguards against unfair imprisonment.
C) forbidding taxation without representation.
D) requiring rulers to uphold the law, providing safeguards against unfair imprisonment, and forbidding taxation without representation.
E) none of the other choices.

Question 38

The first director of the FBI was

A) J. Edgar Hoover.
B) Allan Pinkerton.
C) Roy Bean.
D) O. W. Wilson.

Question 39

In early English policing, who believed that the police are the public and the public are the police?

A) King Edward I
B) King John
C) Sir Robert Peel
D) King James II
E) Alfred the Great

Question 40

The oldest federal law enforcement agency is the

A) Internal Revenue Service.
B) Bureau of Customs.
C) U.S. Marshals Service.
D) Department of Homeland Security.
E) U.S. Border Patrol.

Question 41

List the three eras of policing in the order in which they occurred:________________________  ,_______________, __________.

Question 42

The legal principle of____________  means "an eye for an eye."

Question 43

Describe the prehistoric social order. How did the prehistoric society control group behavior and enforce society's rules? What was the philosophy of justice behind their system of punishment? What were common forms of punishment? How does the prehistoric form of punishment compare to punishment in our society today? Do you believe that a prehistoric form of punishment would be effective in our society today?

Question 44

List the three eras of policing and the emerging fourth era of policing, and describe the main characteristics of each.

Question 45

The________________________  is head of the Department of Justice and the chief law officer of the federal government.

Question 46

called into serious question the effectiveness of preventive patrol or rapidity of response, the basic strategies of the reform era.

Question 47

During the Middle Ages, the difference between the constable system and the watch and ward system was that the constable system was used in____________  areas and the watch and ward system was used in________________________areas.

Question 48

Discuss the significant contributions to law enforcement made by Sir Robert Peel.

Question 49

Discuss strengths and weaknesses of each of the eras of policing. Which of these strengths and weaknesses still apply to the modern day police force?

Question 50

The________________________movement refers to taking the law into one's own hands in the absence of effective policing.

Question 51

Briefly describe the judicial systems that developed in:
a. Egypt in approximately 1500 BC
b. Ancient China during the Chu and Jin periods
c. Ancient Greece
d. Rome in 451 BC
Do you notice any similarities between systems?

Question 52

Discuss early law enforcement in the United States and the first police agencies and their effectiveness.

Question 53

What are some of the features of British law enforcement present in early American colonial settlements? Provide a brief description of the first U.S. police forces developed in Boston, New York, and Los Angeles. What improved the method of communication between the city police and their department? How did the Civil War bring new social control problems?

Question 54

Discuss slave patrols and how they affected modern police work.

Question 55

Explain what the vigilante movement was, why it occurred, and who some notable vigilantes were.

Question 56

What are the traditional three eras of policing? What key features characterized police forces during each of the three eras? Describe one challenge or shortcoming faced by police departments in each era.

Question 57

Policing during the reform era was________________________  ; policing during the community era is ______________.

Question 58

O. W. Wilson was the primary architect of the reform era and the style of policing known as the_______________ model.

Question 59

The________________________system established the principle of collective responsibility for maintaining local law and order.

Question 60

Who is Henry Fielding and what important contributions did he make to social and criminal reform in 18th-century London? Who is Sir Robert Peel and what are the principles of Peelian reform?

Question 61

Did the Civil War bring new social control problems? Please explain.

Question 62

Why was the rattle watch ineffective?

Question 63

The Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms, and Explosives (ATF) is under the Department of Justice.

Question 64

Explain how Griggs v. Duke Power Company affected law enforcement in the United States.

Question 65

What would be the strengths and weaknesses of a national policy that encouraged sending every police officer to college?

Question 66

Explain possible reasons for a separately evolving criminal justice system for juveniles.

Question 67

What do you think would be the single best way to improve America's law enforcement? Is your reform cost-effective? Is it politically salient?

Question 68

How is tribal law enforcement qualitatively different from other law enforcement?

Question 69

Explain why bureaucratic structure affects law enforcement.

Question 70

Why might urban and rural police forces require different types of training?

Question 71

Explain the duties of a county sheriff. Does she have more or less responsibility than a constable?

Question 72

Provide a brief description of the first U.S. police forces developed in Boston, New York, and Los Angeles. What improved the method of communication between the city police and their departments?

Question 73

Why does the fourth era of policing count as a paradigm shift?

Question 74

List two organizational modifications from the political era of policing.

Question 75

Which of the historical eras of policing shares the most in common with current policing?

Question 76

Who is Sir Robert Peel, and what are the principles of Peelian reform?

Question 77

What are the differences between Prohibition-era policing and drug policing in the last three decades in America? Can the periods be compared? Why or why not?