Deck 14: Corrections

Question 1

Using deterrence as an example to society of the consequences of crime is called

A) recidivism.
B) rehabilitation.
C) incapacitation.
D) specific deterrence.
E) general deterrence.

Answer 1

E

Question 2

Rehabilitation rests on the positivist theory of Lombroso, who saw criminals as victims.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

Correctional alternatives to incarceration include

A) day reporting.
B) house arrest.
C) parole.
D) probation.
E) all of these choices.

Answer 3

E

Question 4

The primary goal of correctional institutions is to

A) protect society.
B) punish offenders.
C) even the score for victims.
D) teach offenders a lesson.
E) prove to society that crime doesn't pay.

Question 5

The primary focus of juvenile corrections has traditionally been, and continues to be, rehabilitation.

Question 6

The weakest component of the juvenile system is

A) electronic monitoring.
B) house arrest.
C) aftercare
D) shock incarceration.
E) parole.

Question 7

Probation is most often used with

A) first-time offenders.
B) property offenders.
C) nonviolent offenders.
D) low-risk offenders.
E) all of these choices.

Question 8

Restitution is punishment for the sake of punishment.

Question 9

is a proactive view that sees corrections as a way to prevent future criminal actions.

A) Diversion
B) Deterrence
C) Deferring
D) Retribution
E) Restitution

Question 10

________________________refers to making it impossible for offenders to commit further offenses.

A) Incapacitation
B) Just deserts
C) Probation
D) Parole
E) All of these choices

Question 11

The goal of restitution is

A) to compensate victims.
B) punishment.
C) rehabilitation.
D) deterrence.
E) all of these choices.

Question 12

Just like adults in reentry, the juvenile system uses _________  for juveniles returning to the public after being detained.

A) furlough
B) aftercare
C) houses of refuge
D) postrelease care (PRC)

Question 13

Jails differ from lockups in that lockups, commonly located in city halls or police stations, are

A) controlled by the Federal Bureau of Prisons.
B) authorized to hold individuals for up to 30 days.
C) temporary holding facilities.
D) subject to a low turnover rate.

Question 14

A court-ordered disposition alternative through which an adjudicated offender is placed under control, supervision, and care in lieu of imprisonment.

A) day reporting
B) house arrest
C) parole
D) probation
E) all of these choices

Question 15

The oldest community-based correctional program is

A) day reporting.
B) house arrest.
C) parole.
D) probation.
E) curfews.

Question 16

Correctional alternatives for juveniles include

A) probation.
B) incarceration.
C) intermediate sanctions.
D) the death penalty.
E) all of these choices.

Question 17

requires an offender to perform unpaid labor to pay a debt to society.

A) Retribution
B) Day reporting
C) Forfeiture
D) Community service
E) Restitution

Question 18

Deterrence aimed at offenders so they will not return to a life of crime is________________________ deterrence.

A) general
B) routine
C) specific
D) incidental
E) random

Question 19

The primary focus of juvenile corrections has traditionally been, and continues to be,

A) treatment.
B) punishment.
C) education.
D) rehabilitation.
E) counseling.

Question 20

Which response to crime is proactive in that it focuses on the future needs of offenders as well as the needs of the community?

A) retribution
B) rehabilitation
C) recidivism
D) restitution
E) incarceration

Question 21

are tougher than traditional probation but less stringent and less expensive than imprisonment.

Question 22

are short temporary leaves from a prison or jail.

Question 23

Incarceration is being released from prison before the end of one's official sentence.

Question 24

List and explain the various community-based reintegration programs currently available.

Question 25

Nonresidential facilities where offenders must appear daily are called ________ .

Question 26

Outline and discuss the concept of community corrections, including its central goals.

Question 27

Outline and discuss the concept of desistance and the effect it has on corrections.

Question 28

The classical view of corrections holds that humans are the product of environmental and cultural influences.

Question 29

Lex talionis is based on the notion of "an eye for an eye."

Question 30

The____________  assumes that offenders are victims of society and their environment who need to be cured.

Question 31

The____________  assumes that offenders are self-directed, acting on free will, and responsible for their crimes.

Question 32

is a sanction whereby an offender reimburses the victim.

Question 33

The American Correctional Association recommends that the term ___________ replace the term "guard."

Question 34

requires offenders to remain in their homes during specified times and to adhere to a strict curfew.

Question 35

Parole differs from probation in that a person who is paroled has spent some time serving a prison sentence.

Question 36

The primary component of the medical model is _________ .

Question 37

The most frequent type of release from a correctional facility is ________.

Question 38

Deterrence sees corrections as a way to prevent future crimes.

Question 39

Jail differs from prison in that its inmates are there for shorter terms, usually for less serious crimes.

Question 40

Retribution and incapacitation are both proactive responses to crime.

Question 41

What are the four basic ideologies underlying corrections? Explain how these ideologies might overlap, using examples.

Question 42

Outline and discuss the four correctional ideologies and identify the model associated with each.

Question 43

Contrast the classical and positivist views of criminality.

Question 44

Compare the medical model and the justice model.

Question 45

Outline and discuss the differences and similarities between probation and parole.

Question 46

What are the four primary purposes of corrections? Which purpose involves compensating for a loss, damage, or injury? Which purpose is the oldest? Which purpose serves as an example to society of the consequences of crime? Which purpose makes it impossible for offenders to commit further offenses? Which purpose is aimed at specific offenders, attempting to make the consequence of crime so severe the individual will not want to reoffend? Which do you feel is the most effective purpose? Why? Which do you feel is the least effective? Why?

Question 47

Identify and discuss the various correctional alternatives currently being used in the United States.

Question 48

What is the purpose of probation? Discuss the result of the HOPE program. Do you agree that low-risk nonviolent offenders should get probation? Why or why not?