Deck 15: State Building and the Search for Order in the Seventeenth Century

Question 1

What were the economic and social problems that troubled Europe from 1560 to 1650? Do these problems constitute a "crisis"?

Answer 1

Answers may vary.

Question 2

How did the art and literature of the second half of the seventeenth century reflect the political and social life of that period? Give examples.

Answer 2

Answers may vary.

Question 3

Talk about:
Thirty Years' War

Answer 3

Answers may vary.

Question 4

Talk about:
divine-right monarchy

Question 5

What ideas and practices caused conflict between king and Parliament in seventeenth-century England that culminated in civil war? What role did religion play in shaping politics and society during the 1640s and 1650s?

Question 6

Talk about:
Bishop Jacques Bossuet

Question 7

Why did England move toward a limited monarchy while places like Prussia, Austria, and Russia moved toward a more robust and absolutist monarchy?

Question 8

Compare and contrast the reigns of Frederick William of Brandenburg-Prussia and Peter the Great of Russia. How are their policies similar? How are they different?

Question 9

Why were women the prevalent victims of Europe's witch craze?

Question 10

Talk about:
Gustavus Adolphus

Question 11

Talk about:
"military revolution"

Question 12

Talk about:
absolutism

Question 13

What were the causes of the Thirty Years' War, and what were the short-term and long-term consequences of the conflict?

Question 14

What role did court life at Versailles during the reign of Louis XIV playing in enhancing royal power?

Question 15

What techniques and practices defined warfare in the seventeenth century, and do they constitute a "military revolution"? Why or why not?

Question 16

Oliver Cromwell remains a polarizing figure in British history. What were his achievements, and how did his contemporaries assess his strengths and weaknesses?

Question 17

Talk about:
witches

Question 18

What role did the nobility play in politics and government in Poland and England?

Question 19

Define absolutism. To what extent can France's government in the seventeenth century be labeled an absolute monarchy?

Question 20

Talk about:
Peace of Westphalia

Question 21

Talk about:
Versailles

Question 22

Talk about:
Louis XIV

Question 23

Talk about:
the Orthodox Church and the procurator

Question 24

Talk about:
the Hohenzollerns

Question 25

Talk about:
Louis XIV's wars

Question 26

Talk about:
Treaty of Karlowitz

Question 27

Talk about:
Saint Petersburg

Question 28

Talk about:
the Fronde

Question 29

Talk about:
Brandenburg-Prussia

Question 30

Talk about:
Jean-Baptiste Colbert

Question 31

Talk about:
boyars

Question 32

Talk about:
intendants

Question 33

Talk about:
the Romanovs

Question 34

Talk about:
Cardinals Richelieu and Mazarin

Question 35

Talk about:
Peter the Great

Question 36

Talk about:
Frederick William the Great Elector

Question 37

Talk about:
parlements

Question 38

Talk about:
Edict of Fontainebleau

Question 39

Talk about:
Peace of Utrecht

Question 40

Talk about:
Russian serfdom

Question 41

Talk about:
the house of Orange

Question 42

Talk about:
Puritans

Question 43

Talk about:
John Locke

Question 44

Talk about:
Thomas Hobbes

Question 45

Talk about:
Vienna and the Ottoman Empire

Question 46

Talk about:
Levellers

Question 47

Talk about:
Oliver Cromwell

Question 48

Talk about:
Test Act

Question 49

Talk about:
Bill of Rights

Question 50

Talk about:
James II

Question 51

Talk about:
Great Northern War

Question 52

Talk about:
English Civil War

Question 53

Talk about:
the Restoration

Question 54

Talk about:
the Stuarts

Question 55

Talk about:
Amsterdam

Question 56

Talk about:
Glorious Revolution

Question 57

Talk about:
gentry

Question 58

Talk about:
Poland's Sejm

Question 59

Talk about:
Table of Ranks

Question 60

Talk about:
Janissaries

Question 61

Talk about:
Lope de Vega

Question 62

The witchcraft hysteria began to subside by the mid-seventeenth century for all of the following reasons except

A) a tempering of religious passions in the wake of religious wars.
B) the growing unwillingness of magistrates to accept the conditions generated by trials of witches.
C) the stabilization of governments after a period of crisis.
D) the questioning of traditional attitudes toward religion.
E) the passage of laws recognizing the equality of women in European society.

Question 63

Talk about:
French Classicism

Question 64

Absolutism means that

A) the real power in any state must be religious and exercised by the church.
B) ultimate authority rests solely in the hands of a king who rules by divine right.
C) subordinate powers have an absolute right to overrule the king on conducting the affairs of state.
D) no matter how humble, male citizens have an absolute right to participate in politics.
E) rule by a secular dictator, justifying his/her authority by supposedly serving the people.

Question 65

Talk about:
Jean-Baptiste Racine and Jean-Baptiste Molière

Question 66

Talk about:
William Shakespeare

Question 67

As a result of the Peace of Westphalia of 1648

A) the German population was to be converted to Catholicism.
B) all German states could choose their own religions, except for Calvinism.
C) German states were allowed to determine their religion.
D) the institution of the Holy Roman Empire was to be the ruling force in Germany for the next 100 years.
E) the Holy Roman Empire was dismembered.

Question 68

Population during the seventeenth century

A) increased dramatically due to greater food production.
B) increased dramatically due to the decrease of epidemic disease.
C) decreased sharply throughout Europe as peoples emigrated to colonies overseas.
D) continued to be affected by famines and plague.
E) grew steadily, marking the first major recovery since the Black Death.

Question 69

The witchcraft craze of the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries

A) came out of the social unrest deriving from the shift from individualism to communalism.
B) often targeted old, single women
C) was minimal in comparison to the late Middle Ages.
D) was primarily restricted to rural areas.
E) all of the above.

Question 70

Cardinal Richelieu understood that, in Louis XIV's France, the most important roadblock to building a strong monarchy was

A) the rising cost of warfare.
B) witchcraft.
C) resistance by the great nobles.
D) armed uprisings by workers in Paris.
E) peasant revolts in the countryside.

Question 71

Following the Thirty Years' War, what country became dominant in Europe?

A) Sweden
B) England
C) Germany
D) Spain
E) France

Question 72

Most of the fighting during the Thirty Years' War took place in

A) the Mediterranean islands.
B) Sweden.
C) Germanic lands.
D) Spain.
E) France.

Question 73

Talk about:
Mannerism and El Greco

Question 74

Talk about:
Rembrandt van Rijn

Question 75

Imperial general Albrect von Wallenstein

A) was assassinated on the orders of Emperor Ferdinand.
B) was killed at the Battle of Nördlingen.
C) betrayed the imperial cause by joining the French army.
D) resigned his commission when it was revealed he was a secret convert to Lutheranism.
E) became the ruler of the Baltic port of Hamburg with the Peace of Westphalia.

Question 76

Talk about:
Gian Lorenzo Bernini and Artemisia Gentileschi

Question 77

Gustavus Adolphus, who led the Lutheran armies in the Thirty Years' War until he was killed at Lützen, was king of

A) Poland.
B) Sweden.
C) Denmark.
D) Hungary.
E) Austria.

Question 78

Talk about:
Baroque

Question 79

All of the following have been identified with the "military revolution" in the century after 1560 except

A) the increased use of militias and volunteer soldiers.
B) standing armies based upon conscription.
C) increased use of the musket and bayonet.
D) larger sailing ships, known as "ships of the line."
E) the education of officers in military schools.

Question 80

Jacques Bossuet's Politics Drawn from the Very Words of Holy Scripture

A) rejected as ungodly Louis XIV's system of absolute rule.
B) was the fundamental seventeenth-century statement of divine-right monarchy.
C) stressed that a limited monarchy with representative bodies was the most divine form of human government.
D) claimed that a king's authority and power were revocable under the law of God.
E) justified a "holy republic."