Deck 4: Molecules, Compounds, and Chemical Reactions

Question 1

A tiny crystal of sodium chloride contains 5,000,000 sodium ions and 5,000,000 chloride ions. The correct formula for sodium chloride is _____.

A) NaCl
B) Na₅Cl₅
C) Na₅₀Cl₅₀
D) NaCl₂
E) None of these

Answer 1

NaCl

Question 2

Which of these is the correct chemical formula for carbon tetrachloride?

A) CCl₃
B) CCl₄
C) CCl₅
D) C₄Cl
E) C₄ Cl₄

Answer 2

CCl₄

Question 3

Which of these is the correct ratio of sulfur to oxygen in SO₂?

A) 1 sulfur : 2 oxygen
B) 2 sulfur : 1 oxygen
C) 2 sulfur : 2 oxygen
D) 2 sulfur : 3 oxygen
E) 1 sulfur : 3 oxygen

Answer 3

1 sulfur : 2 oxygen

Question 4

Which of these is an ionic compound?

A) NCl₃
B) Li₂O
C) PF₅
D) CH₄
E) I₂

Question 5

Barium fluoride is often used in glass manufacturing. Which of these is the correct formula and bonding type for barium fluoride?

A) BaF, ionic
B) BaF, covalent
C) BaF₂, ionic
D) BaF₂, covalent
E) Ba₂F, ionic

Question 6

Methane decomposes into  two simpler substances, hydrogen and carbon. Therefore, methane is a(n) _____.

A) molecule
B) element
C) atom
D) compound
E) ion

Question 7

For an ionic compound, X ₂ Y ₅ , if the charge on each Y ion is − 2, the charge on each X ion is _____.

A) − 2
B) − 5
C) − 10
D) +10
E) +5

Question 8

A tiny amount of magnesium chloride contains 150 magnesium ions and 300 chloride ions. The correct formula for magnesium chloride is _____.

A) MgCl
B) Mg₂Cl
C) MgCl₂
D) Mg₁₅₀Cl₃₀₀
E) Mg ₂ Cl₂

Question 9

Metals tend to _____ electrons and form ions with a _____ charge.

A) lose; positive
B) lose; negative
C) gain; positive
D) gain; negative
E) lose; zero

Question 10

The correct formula for a sulfate ion is _____.

A) SO₃ ⁻
B) SO₃ ²⁻
C) SO₄ ⁻
D) SO₄ ²⁻
E) S O ⁻

Question 11

Which of these is not a covalent compound?

A) SiO₂
B) CH₄
C) N₂O
D) CaO
E) ICl₃

Question 12

Which statement about ionic compounds is incorrect ?

A) Ionic compounds include table salt, calcium carbonate, and sodium bicarbonate .
B) Ionic solids dissolved in water dissociate to form ions.
C) Ionic bonds are formed between metals and nonmetals.
D) Ionic bonds involve the sharing of electrons by metals and nonmetals.
E) Ionic compounds are held together by the attraction between positive and negative ions.

Question 13

Which of these is an ionic compound?

A) AlCl₃
B) H₂O
C) SiO₂
D) IBr
E) S₈

Question 14

Which of these does not form a negative ion in an ionic compound?

A) Br
B) N
C) Se
D) I
E) Al

Question 15

Which of these substances is a compound?

A) Na
B) Cl₂
C) Pb
D) NO
E) H₂

Question 16

Which of these is not a covalent compound?

A) H₂O
B) TeCl₄
C) XeF₄
D) C₂H₂
E) AlCl₃

Question 17

Nonmetals tend to _____ electrons and form ions with a _____ charge.

A) lose; positive
B) lose; negative
C) gain; positive
D) gain; negative
E) lose; zero

Question 18

Which of these does not form a positive ion in an ionic compound?

A) Ba
B) Rb
C) P
D) Sn
E) Mg

Question 19

Which of these statements is incorrect ?

A) Covalent bonds involve the combination of two nonmetals.
B) Covalent compounds dissolve in water to form electrolyte solutions.
C) Covalent compounds contain atoms that share electrons to gain stability.
D) Molecules are represented by a specific kind of chemical formula called a molecular formula.
E) Molecular compounds are composed of clusters of two or more atoms bonded together.

Question 20

Which of these substances is not a mixture of different compounds?

A) Air
B) Salt water
C) Gasoline
D) Table salt
E) Lemonade

Question 21

What is the formula mass of PCl₃?

A) 66.5 amu
B) 106.5 amu
C) 137.5 amu
D) 180 amu
E) 360 amu

Question 22

How many hydrogen atoms are there in 25.6 g of sucrose (C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁)?

A) 1.647 atoms
B) 2.6 × 10²³ atoms
C) 4.51 × 10²² atoms
D) 6.02 × 10²³ atoms
E) 9.92 × 10²³ atoms

Question 23

How many moles of oxygen atoms are present in 0.6163 grams of niacin , C₆H₅NO₂?

A) 5.14 × 10 ^{− 2} moles
B) 3.00 × 10 ^{− 2} moles
C) 1.00 × 10 ^{− 2} moles
D) 5.01 × 10 ^{− 3} moles
E) 8.56 × 10 ^{− 3} moles

Question 24

What is the mass in grams of  2.35 moles of calcium carbonate, CaCO₃?

A) 0.01175 grams
B) 0.0235 grams
C) 0.0588 grams
D) 107 grams
E) 235 grams

Question 25

What is the formula mass of  cholesterol, C₂₇H₄₆O?

A) 194 amu
B) 208 amu
C) 224 amu
D) 180 amu
E) 386 amu

Question 26

Calculate the mass in grams of 1.070 moles of acetylene, C₂H₂.

A) 0.02434 grams
B) 0.04415 grams
C) 14.98 grams
D) 25.68 grams
E) 27.82 grams

Question 27

How many chromium atoms are there in 78.8 g of K₂Cr₂O₇?

A) 2.24 × 10²⁴ atoms
B) 1.12 × 10²⁴ atoms
C) 3.23 × 10²³ atoms
D) 1.61 × 10²³ atoms
E) 2.25 × 10²² atoms

Question 28

How many moles of potassium cyanide are present in a 113.5-gram sample of KCN?

A) 3.487 moles
B) 2.903 moles
C) 1.743 moles
D) 0.872 moles
E) 0.0173 moles

Question 29

Determine the number of moles in a 1.95 × 10 ^{− 2} gram sample of the amino acid glycine, CH₂(NH₂)CO₂H.

A) 2.6 × 10 ^{− 4} moles
B) 2.6 × 10 ^{− 2} moles
C) 1.46 moles
D) 2.0 × 10 ^{− 2} moles
E) 3.85 × 10 ^{− 1} moles

Question 30

What is the formula mass of  boric acid, B(OH)₃?

A) 51 amu
B) 61.83 amu
C) 101.3 amu
D) 153 amu
E) 306 amu

Question 31

An international group of zookeepers with successful breeding programs made the following animal exchanges last year. Using the same bartering system, how many anteaters can a zoo obtain in exchange for 4 oryxes?

A) 6 anteaters
B) 10 anteaters
C) 15 anteaters
D) 20 anteaters
E) 30 anteaters

Question 32

How many moles of caffeine (C₈H₁₀N₄O₂) are present in a 1.250 kg sample ?

A) 6.4 × 10 ^{− 6} moles
B) 0.006 moles
C) 0.008 moles
D) 6.44 moles
E) 8.56 moles

Question 33

How many moles of carbon atoms are present in 1.574 g  of procaine hydrochloride , C₁₃ H₂₁ N₂ O₂ Cl?

A) 0.01008 moles
B) 0.005776 moles
C) 0.07501 moles
D) 0.12096 moles
E) 0.006148 moles

Question 34

Calculate the number of oxygen atoms in 45.0 g of Co₂(SO₄)₃ (molar mass of Co ₂ (SO ₄ ) ₃  = 405.8 g/mole).

A) 8.01 × 10²³ atoms
B) 2.67 × 10²³ atoms
C) 12.0 atoms
D) 6.68 × 10²² atoms
E) 1.07 × 10²⁴ atoms

Question 35

The correct formula for a nitrate ion is  _____.

A) NO ⁻
B) NO₃ ⁺
C) NO₃ ⁻
D) NO₃ ²⁻
E) NO ₂ ⁻

Question 36

Nicotine has the chemical formula C₁₀H₁₄N₂. What is the formula mass of nicotine?

A) 26 amu
B) 81 amu
C) 138 amu
D) 162 amu
E) 366 amu

Question 37

Which of the following does not contain the same number of chlorine atoms as in 60 CCl₄ molecules?

A) 240 HCl molecules
B) 120 Cl₂ molecules
C) 40 SCl₆ molecules
D) 80 CFCl₃ molecules
E) 60 CHCl₃ molecules

Question 38

Which of the following is not true of 3  moles of CaCO₃?

A) It contains 3 moles of O.
B) It contains 3 moles of Ca.
C) It contains 3 moles of C.
D) It contains 9 moles of O.
E) It contains equal moles of C and Ca.

Question 39

An international group of zookeepers with successful breeding programs made the following animal exchanges last year. Using the same bartering system, how many flamingos can a zoo obtain in exchange for 6 rhinos?

A) 10 flamingos
B) 30 flamingos
C) 50 flamingos
D) 120 flamingos
E) 160 flamingos

Question 40

An international group of zookeepers with successful breeding programs made the following animal exchanges last year. Using the same bartering system, how many monkeys can a zoo obtain in exchange for 10 camels?

A) 6 monkeys
B) 12 monkeys
C) 15 monkeys
D) 24 monkeys
E) 30 monkeys

Question 41

How many moles of nitrogen atoms are present in 12 moles of NH₄NO₃?

A) 6 moles
B) 12 moles
C) 14 moles
D) 24 moles
E) 28 moles

Question 42

In the following equation, what is the coefficient of sodium nitride   when the equation is balanced?
 
_____ Na ₃ N → _____ Na(s) + _____  N ₂ (g)

A) 0
B) 1
C) 2
D) 3
E) 4

Question 43

Which of these is the correct name for Ca(OH)₂?

A) Calcium carbonate
B) Calcium oxide
C) Calcium dihydride
D) Calcium oxygen hydride
E) Calcium hydroxide

Question 44

When properly balanced, what are the correct coefficients for the reaction H₂ + O₂ → H₂O?

A) 1, 1, 1
B) 1, 1/2, 1
C) 1, 2, 1
D) 2, 1, 2
E) 10, 5, 10

Question 45

How many moles of carbon atoms are there in 5 moles of ethanol (CH₃CH₂OH)?

A) 2.5 moles
B) 5 moles
C) 10 moles
D) 30 moles
E) 120 moles

Question 46

Which of these is the correct name for Rb₃N?

A) Rubidium nitride
B) Radon nitride
C) Trirubidium trinitride
D) Triradon nitride
E) Rubidium trinitride

Question 47

Which of these is the correct name for MgCl₂?

A) Magnesium chloride
B) Magnesium chlorine
C) Magnesium dichloride
D) Magnesium monochloride
E) Monomagnesium monochloride

Question 48

Which of these is the correct name for N₂O₃?

A) Nitrogen trioxide
B) Trinitrogen dioxide
C) Dinitrogen trioxide
D) Nitrogen dioxygenide
E) Dinitrogenide dioxygenide

Question 49

Which of these is the correct name for Li₂SO₄?

A) Lithium sulfide
B) Dilithium sulfide
C) Dilithium tetrasulphate
D) Lithium sulfate
E) Dilithium tetrasulfide

Question 50

Which of these is the correct name for NaHCO₃?

A) Sodium carbonate
B) Sodium trioxide
C) Sodium monocarbide
D) Sodium bicarbonate
E) Sodium carbide oxide

Question 51

Which of these is the correct formula for aluminum oxide?

A) Al₂O₂
B) Al₂O₃
C) AlO
D) Al₃O₂
E) AlO₂

Question 52

How many moles of calcium atoms are there in 2.5 moles of calcium carbonate, CaCO₃?

A) 1 mole
B) 1.25 moles
C) 2.5 moles
D) 5.0 moles
E) 100 moles

Question 53

What is the correct name of K₂O?

A) Dipotassium dioxide
B) Potassium dioxide
C) Potassium monoxide
D) Potassium oxygen
E) Potassium oxide

Question 54

In the following equation, what is the coefficient of HF   when the equation is balanced?
_____ B ₂ O ₃ + _____ HF → _____ BF ₃ + _____ H ₂ O

A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 5
E) 6

Question 55

Using the old English measurements of volume listed  below, determine the number of gallons in two  gills.

A) 0.0039 gallons
B) 64 gallons
C) 0.0625  gallons
D) 512 gallons
E) 2304 gallons

Question 56

How many atoms of aluminum are contained in a 36.0-ounce aluminum bat? (1 ounce = 28.35 grams)

A) 2.28 × 10²⁵
B) 6.28 × 10 ^{− 23}
C) 6.15 × 10²⁶
D) 6.33 × 10²³
E) Insufficient data

Question 57

Using the old English measurements of volume listed  below, determine the number of hogsheads in five  kilderkins.

A) 1.72 hogsheads
B) 2.91 hogsheads
C) 90 hogsheads
D) 4,721 hogsheads
E) 42,489 hogsheads

Question 58

How many moles of hydrogen atoms are there in 3 moles of codeine (C₁₈H₂₁NO₃)?

A) 3 moles
B) 21 moles
C) 36 moles
D) 54 moles
E) 63 moles

Question 59

Which of these is the correct formula for potassium phosphate?

A) KPO₄
B) K₃PO₄
C) K(PO₄)₃
D) K₂(PO₄)₃
E) K₃P

Question 60

Using the old English measurements of volume listed below, determine the number of noggins in one butt.

A) 104.92 noggins
B) 128.00 noggins
C) 209.83 noggins
D) 1678.7 noggins
E) 3357.3 noggins

Question 61

In the following equation, which of these is the correct sum   of all the coefficients   when the equation is balanced?
_____ CaCl ₂ (aq) + _____ K ₂ CO ₃ (aq) → _____ KCl(aq) + _____ CaCO ₃ (s)

A) 2
B) 4
C) 5
D) 8
E) 10

Question 62

How many grams of water are produced when 10.0 grams of O₂ react with excess H₂?
​
2 H₂ + O₂(g) → 2 H₂O

A) 11.25 grams
B) 20 grams
C) 46 grams
D) 180 grams
E) 360 grams

Question 63

How many grams of carbon dioxide are produced when 18.5 moles of oxygen react with excess acetylene according to the given equation?
​
2 C₂H₂ + 5 O₂(g) → 4 CO₂ + 2 H₂O

A) 2,030 grams
B) 814 grams
C) 651.2 grams
D) 88.0 grams
E) 37.0 grams

Question 64

How many grams of methanol (CH₃OH) are produced when 5.00 kg of H₂ reacts with excess carbon monoxide?
​
CO + 2 H₂ → CH₃OH

A) 40 g
B) 80 g
C) 320 g
D) 640 g
E) 40,000 g

Question 65

How many moles of oxygen gas are required to react with 9 moles of acetylene (C ₂ H ₂ ) in the given equation?
​
2 C₂H₂ + 5 O₂(g) → 4 CO₂ + 2 H₂O

A) 0.4 moles
B) 4.5 moles
C) 9 moles
D) 18 moles
E) 22.5 moles

Question 66

Consider  the reaction: 4 NH₃ + 5 O₂ → 6 H₂O + 4 NO
If 2.5 moles of NH₃ react with 3.0 moles of O₂, what is the limiting reagent?

A) NH₃
B) O₂
C) H₂O
D) NO
E) None of these

Question 67

Consider the reaction: 4 NH ₃ + 5 O ₂ → 6 H ₂ O + 4 NO
If 125.0 g of NH₃ reacts with 225.0 g of O₂, what is the limiting reagent?

A) NH₃
B) O₂
C) H₂O
D) NO
E) None of these

Question 68

Consider  the reaction: 4 NH₃ + 5 O₂ → 6 H₂O + 4 NO
If 125.0 g of NH₃ reacts with 225.0 g of O₂, how many grams of O₂ will be present after a complete reaction?

A) 0 grams
B) 125.0 grams
C) 225.0 grams
D) 350.0 grams
E) 425.0 grams

Question 69

How many moles of oxygen gas will react with 6.2 moles of aluminum in the given equation?
​
4 Al(s) + 3 O₂(g) → 2 Al₂O₃(s)

A) 0.12 moles
B) 1.55 moles
C) 2.4 moles
D) 4.65 moles
E) 8.27 moles

Question 70

Automotive airbags inflate when a sample of NaN ₃ (molar mass = 65 g/mol) is rapidly decomposed. What mass of NaN ₃ is required to produce 368 L of nitrogen gas (molar mass = 28 g/mol) with a density of 1.25 g/L?
​
2 NaN₃(s) → 2 Na(s) + 3 N₂(g)

A) 228 g
B) 712 g
C) 1709 g
D) 2136 g
E) 3203 g

Question 71

Identify a true statement about the naming of binary molecular compounds.

A) The less metallic element in the compound is written first.
B) The element with the higher atomic mass is written first.
C) The more metallic element in the compound is written first.
D) The element with the lower atomic mass is written first.
E) The element with the higher atomic number is written first.

Question 72

In the following equation, what is the coefficient of oxygen (O ₂ )   when the equation is balanced?
_____ C ₃ H ₈ + _____ O ₂ → _____ CO ₂ + _____ H ₂ O

A) 2
B) 3
C) 4
D) 5
E) 10

Question 73

How many moles of tetraphosphorous decaoxide will form when 3.30 moles of P ₄ react with oxygen gas in the given equation?
​
P₄ + 5 O₂ → P₄O₁₀

A) 0.825 moles
B) 3.3 moles
C) 13.2 moles
D) 16.5 moles
E) 20 moles

Question 74

Which of the following has the greatest mass of oxygen?

A) 16.0 g of O₂
B) 0.500 mol of O₂
C) 2 moles of O atoms
D) 10 grams of CO₂
E) 15 grams of NO₂

Question 75

Consider the reaction:  4 NH₃ + 5 O₂ → 6 H₂O + 4 NO
If 125.0 g of NH₃ reacts with 225.0 g of O, how many grams of NO will be present after a complete reaction?

A) 0 grams
B) 168.8 grams
C) 220.6 grams
D) 350.0 grams
E) 64.6 grams

Question 76

Consider the reaction:  4 NH₃ + 5 O₂ → 6 H₂O + 4 NO
If 125.0 g of NH₃ reacts with 225.0 g of O₂, how many grams of H₂O will be present after a complete reaction?

A) 0 grams
B) 151.9 grams
C) 198.5 grams
D) 350.0 grams
E) 275.2 grams

Question 77

The formula mass of a compound is _____.

A) the atomic mass of the more metallic element in the compound
B) the atomic number of the more metallic element in the compound
C) the sum of atomic numbers of all atoms in the compound
D) the sum of atomic masses of all atoms in the compound
E) the ratio of atomic mass to the atomic number of the compound

Question 78

When properly balanced, what will the coefficients in the following equation be?
 
_____ Mg + _____ N ₂ → _____ Mg ₃ N ₂

A) 1; 1; 1
B) 3; 2; 1
C) 3; 1; 1
D) 3; 1; 2
E) 1; 1; 3

Question 79

Consider the reaction:  4 NH₃ + 5 O₂ → 6 H₂O + 4 NO
If 125.0 g of NH₃ reacts with 225.0 g of O₂, how many grams of NH₃ will be present after a complete reaction?

A) 0 grams
B) 29.4 grams
C) 95.6 grams
D) 125.0 grams
E) 152.5 grams

Question 80

How many grams of nitrogen dioxide are required to produce 260 grams of nitrogen monoxide?
3 NO₂ + H₂O → 2 HNO₃ + NO

A) 8.67 grams
B) 56.52 grams
C) 132 grams
D) 399 grams
E) 1196 grams