Deck 4: Making Decisions

Question 1

The NOT operator is a unary operator, meaning it takes only one operand.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

A short-circuit evaluation is where each part of an expression is evaluated only as far as necessary to determine whether the entire expression is true or false.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

A series of nested if statements is also called a ____ if statement.

A) stacked
B) cascading
C) indented
D) waterfall

Answer 3

B

Question 4

The keyword that is NOT included in a single-alternative selection is ____.

A) if
B) then
C) else
D) endif

Question 5

A(n) ____ decision is a decision in which two conditions must be true for an action to take place.

A) OR
B) XOR
C) AND
D) OR-ELSE

Question 6

When you combine AND and OR operators, the OR operators take precedence, meaning their Boolean values are evaluated first.

Question 7

The ____ clause is the part of the decision that holds the action or actions that execute when the tested condition in the decision is true.

A) else
B) endif
C) if-then
D) Boolean

Question 8

____ operators require two operands.

A) Unary
B) Tertiary
C) Binary
D) Dual

Question 9

A ____ expression is one that represents only one of two states, usually expressed as true or false.

A) single-alternative
B) Boolean
C) Unicode
D) dual

Question 10

Any decision can be made using combinations of just two types of comparisons: equal and not equal.

Question 11

Both operands in a comparison expression must be the same ____.

A) value
B) name
C) length
D) data type

Question 12

You can use parentheses to override the default order of operations.

Question 13

Usually, ____ variables are not considered to be equal unless they are identical.

A) string
B) integer
C) character
D) floating point

Question 14

Most programming languages limit the number of AND and OR operators in an expression.

Question 15

In any Boolean expression, the two values compared can be either variables or constants.

Question 16

Most programming languages allow you to ask two or more questions in a single comparison.

Question 17

Most languages allow you to use a variation of the decision structure called the ____ structure when you must nest a series of decisions about a single variable.

A) blocked
B) case
C) AND IF
D) logical

Question 18

When you ask multiple questions before an outcome is determined, you create a ____ condition.

A) dual-alternative
B) nested
C) single-alternative
D) compound

Question 19

Every decision you make in a computer program involves evaluating a Boolean expression.

Question 20

When you need to satisfy two or more criteria to initiate an event in a program, you must make sure that the second decision is made entirely independently of the first decision.

Question 21

When creating a truth table, you must determine how many possible Boolean value combinations exist for the conditions. If there are two conditions, ____ combinations will exist.

A) two
B) four
C) eight
D) 16

Question 22

In a truth table, the expression ____ is true.
B) true AND false
C) false AND true
D) false AND false

Question 23

Most programming languages allow you to ask two or more questions in a single comparison by using a(n) ____ operator that joins decisions in a single statement.

A) AND
B) OR
C) IF
D) XOR

Question 24

A ____________________ selection is one in which an action is associated with each of two possible outcomes.

Question 25

For maximum efficiency, a good rule of thumb in an AND decision is to ____.

A) first ask the question that is more likely to be true
B) first ask the question that is more likely to be false
C) rewrite it as an OR decision and ask the question more likely to be true
D) rewrite it as an OR decision and ask the question more likely to be false

Question 26

When you ____________________ decisions because the resulting action requires that two conditions be true, you must decide which of the two decisions to make first.

Question 27

You can use ____ for clarity and to override the default order of operations.

A) parentheses
B) truth tables
C) multiplication
D) NOT

Question 28

In a truth table, the expression ____ is false.
B) true OR false
C) false OR true
D) false OR false

Question 29

You can perform a ____ by making comparisons using either the lowest or highest value in a range of values.

A) range check
B) nested if
C) logic check
D) trivial expression

Question 30

When you combine AND and OR operators, the ____ operators take precedence, meaning their Boolean values are evaluated first.

A) addition
B) AND
C) OR
D) division

Question 31

The NOT operator is a ____________________ operator, meaning it takes only one operand.

Question 32

C#, C++, C, and Java use the symbol ____ as the logical OR operator.

A) %
B) $
C) ||
D) ^

Question 33

____ are diagrams used in mathematics and logic to help describe the truth of an entire expression based on the truth of its parts.

A) Decision matrices
B) Decision diagrams
C) Truth diagrams
D) Truth tables

Question 34

For maximum efficiency, a good rule of thumb in an OR decision is to ____.

A) first ask the question that is more likely to be true
B) first ask the question that is more likely to be false
C) rewrite it as an AND decision and ask the question more likely to be true
D) rewrite it as an AND decision and ask the question more likely to be false

Question 35

____ evaluation is when each part of an expression that uses an operator is evaluated only as far as necessary to determine whether the entire expression is true or false.

A) Truth
B) Short-circuit
C) Binary
D) Loop

Question 36

When you use the logical ____ operator, only one of the listed conditions must be met for the resulting action to take place.

A) OR
B) nested
C) AND
D) NOT

Question 37

In an AND decision, first ask the question that is less likely to be ____________________.

Question 38

The conditional AND operator in Java, C++, and C# is ____.

A) &
B) AND
C) **
D) &&

Question 39

The ____________________ clause is the part of the decision that holds the action or actions that execute when the tested condition in the decision is true.

Question 40

You use the logical ____ operator to reverse the meaning of a Boolean expression.

A) AND
B) XOR
C) OR
D) NOT

Question 41

Who was George Boole and what did he do?

Question 43

Describe a Boolean expression.

Question 44

How can you improve the efficiency of a nested decision?

Question 45

When you combine AND and OR operators within the same statement, which takes precedence?

Question 46

In an OR decision, why is it more efficient to first ask the question that is more likely to be true?

Question 47

List the three types of comparisons that enable the making of any decision.

Question 48

When would you use a negative comparison?

Question 49

List three techniques to avoid confusion when mixing AND and OR operators.

Question 50

Explain the purpose and use of the AND operator.

Question 51

Explain what a range check is and provide an example.