Deck 4: Making Decisions

Question 1

A series of nested if statements is also called a ____ if statement.

A)stacked
B)cascading
C)indented
D)waterfall

Answer 1

B

Question 2

A short-circuit evaluation is where each part of an expression is evaluated only as far as necessary to determine whether the entire expression is true or false.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

Both operands in a comparison expression must be the same ____.

A)value
B)name
C)length
D)data type

Answer 3

D

Question 4

A(n)____ decision is a decision in which two conditions must be true for an action to take place.

A)OR
B)XOR
C)AND
D)OR-ELSE

Question 5

You can use parentheses to override the default order of operations.

Question 6

The ____ clause is the part of the decision that holds the action or actions that execute when the tested condition in the decision is true.

A)else
B)endif
C)if-then
D)Boolean

Question 7

When you combine AND and OR operators, the OR operators take precedence, meaning their Boolean values are evaluated first.

Question 8

When you ask multiple questions before an outcome is determined, you create a ____ condition.

A)dual-alternative
B)nested
C)single-alternative
D)compound

Question 9

____ operators require two operands.

A)Unary
B)Tertiary
C)Binary
D)Dual

Question 10

Most languages allow a specialized selection structure called the ____ structure when there are several distinct possible values for a single variable, and each value requires a different subsequent action.

A)cascading
B)case
C)nested if
D)short-circuit

Question 11

Most programming languages limit the number of AND and OR operators in an expression.

Question 12

Most programming languages allow you to ask two or more questions in a single comparison.

Question 13

The NOT operator is a unary operator, meaning it takes only one operand.

Question 14

When you need to satisfy two or more criteria to initiate an event in a program, you must make sure that the second decision is made entirely independently of the first decision.

Question 15

A ____ expression is one that represents only one of two states, usually expressed as true or false.

A)single-alternative
B)Boolean
C)Unicode
D)dual

Question 16

You use the case structure only when a series of decisions is based on a single expression.

Question 17

Usually, ____ variables are not considered to be equal unless they are identical.

A)string
B)integer
C)character
D)floating point

Question 18

Any decision can be made using combinations of just two types of comparisons: equal and not equal.

Question 19

The ____ clause of the decision is the part that executes only when the tested condition in the decision is false.

A)if
B)then
C)else
D)endif

Question 20

In any comparison, the two values compared can be either variables or constants.

Question 21

When you use the ____ operator, only one of the listed conditions must be met for the resulting action to take place.

A)OR
B)nested
C)AND
D)NOT

Question 22

When you ____________________ decisions because the resulting action requires that two conditions be true, you must decide which of the two decisions to make first.

Question 23

You use the  ____ operator to reverse the meaning of a Boolean expression.

A)AND
B)XOR
C)OR
D)NOT

Question 24

____ evaluation is when each part of an expression that uses an operator is evaluated only as far as necessary to determine whether the entire expression is true or false.

A)Truth
B)Short-circuit
C)Binary
D)Loop

Question 25

To avoid confusion, you can use ____statements instead of using AND and OR operators.

A)trivial
B)nested if
C)NOT
D)range check

Question 26

The ____________________ clause is the part of the decision that holds the action or actions that execute when the tested condition in the decision is true.

Question 27

A ____________________ selection is one in which an action is associated with each of two possible outcomes.

Question 28

The conditional AND operator in Java, C++, and C# is ____.

A)&
B)AND
C)**
D)&&

Question 29

C#, C++, C, and Java use the symbol ____ as the logical OR operator.

A)%
B)$
C)||
D)^

Question 30

You can perform a ____ by making comparisons using either the lowest or highest value in a range of values.

A)range check
B)nested if
C)logic check
D)trivial expression

Question 31

You can use ____ for clarity and to override the default order of operations.

A)parentheses
B)truth tables
C)multiplication
D)NOT

Question 32

Most programming languages allow you to ask two or more questions in a single comparison by using a(n)____ operator that joins decisions in a single statement.

A)AND
B)OR
C)IF
D)XOR

Question 33

For maximum efficiency, a good rule of thumb in an OR decision is to ____.

A)first ask the question that is more likely to be true
B)first ask the question that is more likely to be false
C)rewrite it as an AND decision and ask the question more likely to be true
D)rewrite it as an AND decision and ask the question more likely to be false

Question 34

For maximum efficiency, a good rule of thumb in an AND decision is to ____.

A)first ask the question that is more likely to be true
B)first ask the question that is more likely to be false
C)rewrite it as an OR decision and ask the question more likely to be true
D)rewrite it as an OR decision and ask the question more likely to be false

Question 35

In a truth table, the expression ____ is true.

A)true AND true
B)true AND false
C)false AND true
D)false AND false

Question 36

When you combine AND and OR operators, the ____ operators take precedence, meaning their Boolean values are evaluated first.

A)addition
B)AND
C)OR
D)division

Question 37

In a truth table, the expression ____ is false.

A)true OR true
B)true OR false
C)false OR true
D)false OR false

Question 38

In an AND decision, first ask the question that is less likely to be ____________________.

Question 39

____ are diagrams used in mathematics and logic to help describe the truth of an entire expression based on the truth of its parts.

A)Decision matrices
B)Decision diagrams
C)Truth diagrams
D)Truth tables

Question 40

The NOT operator is a ____________________ operator, meaning it takes only one operand.

Question 41

When you combine AND and OR operators within the same statement, which takes precedence?

Question 42

In an OR decision, why is it more efficient to first ask the question that is more likely to be true?

Question 43

How can you avoid common errors in an AND selection?

Question 44

How can you improve the efficiency of a nested decision?

Question 46

Explain the purpose and use of the AND operator.

Question 50

When would you use a negative comparison?

Question 51

How can you avoid common errors in an OR selection?

Question 55

List the three types of comparisons that enable the making of any decision.

Question 58

List three techniques to avoid confusion when mixing AND and OR operators.

Question 60

Explain what a range check is and provide an example.