Deck 10: Parole and Release to the Community

Question 1

The duties of the parole board include which of the following?

A) charging and sentencing the offender
B) aiding and supervising control of paroles in the community
C) pardoning the offender upon completion of their sentence
D) none of these

Answer 1

B

Question 2

Technology used to aid supervision by parole agencies include except :

A) concealed weapons detection.
B) remote alcohol and drug monitoring.
C) GPS.
D) closed-circuit TV monitoring cameras

Answer 2

D

Question 3

An official panel that determines whether an inmate serving an indeterminate sentence is ready for parole is known as:

A) the state parole board.
B) the state attorney's general panel.
C) the state correctional review board.
D) the state judicial review board.

Answer 3

A

Question 4

Formal risk prediction instruments are commonly referred to as:

A) crime predictors.
B) parole guidelines.
C) parole predictors.
D) offender guidelines.

Question 5

Which of the following is true regarding t he number of people on parole?

A) It is on an upward trend.
B) It is on a downward trend.
C) It remains approximately the same each year for the past decade.
D) None of these choices.

Question 6

When determining possible parole, the parole board looks at all of the following except :

A) the inmate's crime.
B) the institutional record.
C) the inmate's sincerity and readiness for release.
D) the inmate's ability to make full restitution to his or her victim(s).

Question 7

Most inmates leave prison before the completion of their sentence and are placed:

A) in residential treatment.
B) on parole.
C) in jail.
D) probation.

Question 8

When an inmate is released when the unserved portion of the maximum prison term equals his or her earned good time, this is known as:

A) mandatory parole release.
B) discretionary parole.
C) limited parole.
D) community release.

Question 9

The parole board's authority to grant or deny parole is based on which of the following?

A) assessment of the risk of the inmate to the community
B) assessment of the parolee's readiness to return to the community
C) both of these
D) neither of these

Question 10

Parole is based on which of the following principles?

A) The state extends a privilege by releasing offenders from prison before their full sentence is served.
B) It is a contract with offenders in exchange for their promise to abide by certain conditions where they return to prison to complete their sentences if they violate the contract.
C) The state controls parolees until they are dismissed from parole.
D) All of these choices.

Question 11

Conditions of parole typically consist of all of the following except :

A) reporting changes of address and employment.
B) not committing crimes.
C) not being in possession of weapons.
D) complete house arrest.

Question 12

The salient factor score used by parole boards to predict the risk of recidivism is based on all of the following except :

A) the number of previous convictions.
B) the age at current offense.
C) drug dependency.
D) the ability to make full restitution to victims.

Question 13

In Maconochie's system of graduated release, which of the following was the final stage?

A) ticket of leave
B) globalization
C) good time
D) reference

Question 14

Discretionary parole is decided by:

A) the warden.
B) a judge.
C) a parole board.
D) the chief parole officer.

Question 15

Parole is characterized by which of the following?

A) It is only offered at sentencing by a judge.
B) It is only offered to nonviolent offenders.
C) It is the conditional release from confinement of an offender serving an indeterminate sentence
D) All of these choices.

Question 16

In two-thirds  of U.S. states, parole field services are administered by:

A) a regional district court.
B) the attorney general's office.
C) the parole commission.
D) the department of corrections.

Question 17

The salient factor score places inmates in the risk categories of:

A) very good, good, fair, or poor.
B) excellent, at risk, poor.
C) good, better, best.
D) poor, poorer, poorest.

Question 18

In 1854, Sir Walter Crofton, a retired navy officer, was sent to introduce the progressive state system at the prison at Mountjoy, near Dublin. The complete program became known as the:

A) Irish Mark System.
B) Scottish Mark System.
C) ticket to leave.
D) pass to freedom.

Question 19

The majority of parolees were sentenced for:

A) sex offenses.
B) violent offenses.
C) property offenses.
D) drug offenses.

Question 20

The most at-risk parolees are placed:

A) in halfway houses.
B) back in prison.
C) on intensive supervision.
D) in jail.

Question 21

What type of laws creates civil disabilities for parolees when they return to the community?

A) antiestablishment laws
B) disenfranchisement laws
C) minimum mandatory laws
D) three-strike laws

Question 22

What level of proof is required in order to hold a parolee in custody prior to a revocation hearing?

A) hunch
B) reasonable suspicion
C) probable cause
D) proof beyond a reasonable doubt

Question 23

All of the following individuals are able to issue a warrant once there is an alleged violation of parole except for:

A) parole officer
B) warrant officer
C) police officer
D) justice of the peace

Question 24

The Second Chance Act does which of the following?

A) allows technical violations to be overlooked
B) allows inmates to earn more money during incarceration
C) provides grant money for employment assistance, treatment, housing, and programming
D) all of these

Question 25

Parole boards are not permitted to meet with the offenders during a final grant hearing.

Question 26

Parole officers tend to be younger and less experienced in the criminal justice system than probation officers.

Question 27

All states now mandate that parole officers carry, and use if necessary, firearms.

Question 28

A major issue facing states today is that courts have begun to make major settlements against those who have been wrongly convicted.

Question 29

Inmates who maintain their innocence may find that denying responsibility for their crimes places their release date in jeopardy.

Question 30

A formal procedure that takes place when a parole board decides that the parole must end because the offender committed a new crime or violated the conditions of parole is a:

A) revocation of parole.
B) parole denial.
C) parole release.
D) jury trial.

Question 31

The offenders most likely to fail on parole are:

A) chronic offenders.
B) first-time, nonviolent offenders.
C) violent offenders with prison sentences over 20 years.
D) sex offenders.

Question 32

Mandatory parole decisions are made at a parole grant hearing.

Question 33

Parolees may be subjected to random searches by parole officers.

Question 34

Today, five state agencies account for nearly half of the adults under parole supervision: California, Illinois, Georgia, Virginia, and Pennsylvania.

Question 35

In the Supreme Court case of Morrissey v. Brewer, the court determined:

A) the procedures for deciding who was eligible for parole
B) the procedures for revocation of parole
C) the procedures that parole officers must follow when searching a parolee
D) the procedures for obtaining an arrest warrant for a parole violator

Question 36

Parole officers are able to do which of the following?

A) search persons, places, or the property of parolees
B) order arrest of a parolee without probable cause
C) recommend revocation of parole for new crimes or for technical violations of the parole
D) all of these

Question 37

Parole is generally viewed as a privilege granted to deserving inmates on the basis of their good behavior while on probation.

Question 38

Restrictions placed on former felons that reduce the rights and privileges of those convicted of crimes are referred to as:

A) invisible bans.
B) invisible laws.
C) invisible punishments.
D) invisible sanctions.

Question 39

Research shows that it is difficult for parolees to succeed once released from prison for which of the following reasons?

A) psychological and economic problems of parolees
B) undereducated and unskilled parolees
C) parolees ' lack family support systems
D) all of these

Question 40

A parolee who violates the conditions of parole, and who has not committed a new crime, is returned to prison on what type of violation?

A) technical
B) conditional
C) discrimination
D) advanced

Question 41

A growing portion of the correctional population consists of parolees who failed on the outside.

Question 42

An official panel that determines whether an inmate serving an indeterminate sentence is ready for parole is the ____________________.

Question 43

Parole violations that pertain to behavior that is not a crime, such as the failure to refrain from alcohol use, are called ____________________violations.

Question 44

In ___________________, the Supreme Court ruled on procedures for revocation of parole.

Question 45

Parolees who have a higher risk of reoffending are typically placed on ________  _______ parole.

Question 46

A major flaw of the Second Chance Act is that it fails to provide funding to study such topics as smart probation projects, treatment of returning adults and juveniles with co-occurring substance abuse, and mental health disorders, as is done in other countries.

Question 47

When an inmate's unserved portion of his or her maximum prison term equals good time, he or she is released on ___________  ______________release.

Question 48

Revocation procedures officially begin when a parole officer requests a warrant based on an alleged violation of parole.

Question 49

A ___________________ condition of parole may include participating in an appropriate educational or vocational program, as indicated by the parolee's parole officer.

Question 50

Parole agents have legal authority to search persons, places, and property without violating the requirement imposed by the _____________________Amendment

Question 51

The "get-tough" movement of the 1980s increased the statutory restrictions placed on parolees.

Question 52

If the conditions of their release are violated, mandatory releasees can have their ________________ revoked and be returned to the institution to serve the remainder of their unexpired term.

Question 53

Civil disabilities facing parolees when they return to the community are known as ___________________laws.

Question 54

A parolee does not have the opportunity to speak on his own behalf during revocation proceedings.

Question 55

Although most parolees are arrested soon after release, the trend has been to not send them back to prison.

Question 56

Actuarial devices predicting the risk of recidivism based on information about the offender and crime are known as ____________________.

Question 57

A formal procedure that takes place when a parole board decides that parole must end because the offender committed a new crime or violated the conditions of parole is known as ____________________ of parole.

Question 58

Research shows that offenders who fail upon reentry into the community do so long after they are released from prison.

Question 59

The majority of offenders released on parole do not return to prison.

Question 60

All 50 states restrict felons' right to vote.

Question 61

Explain the two main forms of parole used in the United States today.

Question 62

Discuss some of the main reasons why many inmates fail when released on parole.

Question 63

Describe the main duties of modern parole officers.

Question 64

The federal law known as the _____________________ authorizes various grants to government agencies and nonprofit groups to provide employment assistance, substance abuse treatment, housing, and other services that can help reduce violations of probation and parole.

Question 65

What types of devices can be used to monitor offenders in the community?

Question 66

What are the characteristics of those on parole?

Question 67

Discuss the main principles of parole in the United States .

Question 68

Discuss the social barriers that offenders face when they return to the community.

Question 69

Explain the federal law known as the Second Chance Act.

Question 70

Discuss some of the basic rights that convicted felons lose because of their criminal record.

Question 71

According to recent research, what can be done to improve the effectiveness of parole?