Deck 8: Understanding Neighborhoods and Communities

Question 1

Boundaries of a community may be of which type(s)?

A) Physical
B) Political
C) Psychological
D) All of the above

Answer 1

D

Question 2

Mr. Smith owns a small factory employing many mothers with small children. A new day care center is established in the community providing reliable care for a large number of his employees' children. As a result, the rate of absenteeism goes down among his employees. Mr. Smith is which of the following:

A) Initiator system
B) Client system
C) Action system
D) Target system

Answer 2

B

Question 3

The______perspective states that a community can be viewed with all the associated characteristics such as boundaries.

A) Ecological
B) Social systems
C) Social structural
D) Human behavior

Answer 3

B

Question 4

The______perspective is useful in understanding the behavior of individuals and families and is less useful for larger systems.

A) Ecological
B) Social systems
C) Social structural
D) Human behavior

Question 5

The social worker who undertakes the development of a new day-care center for low income families is an example of what systems model term:

A) Target
B) Change agent
C) Client
D) System developer

Question 6

__________is a concept for understanding communities defined as the struggle within a community by various groups, all seeking to have their interests and needs met ahead of any others.

A) Competition
B) Concentration
C) Succession
D) Gentrification

Question 7

__________is a concept for understanding communities defined as a tendency of each new group of in-migrants to force out or replace existing groups previously living in a neighborhood.

A) Competition
B) Succession
C) Gentrification
D) Invasion

Question 8

__________is a concept for understanding communities defined as the replacement of the original occupants or residents of a community or neighborhood by new groups.

A) Competition
B) Concentration
C) Succession
D) Gentrification

Question 9

Which of the following are typical activities engaged in by   generalist social workers:

A) Assessing needs through use of interagency committees
B) Participating in professional association action groups
C) Identifying service gaps and recommending new programs
D) All of the above

Question 10

__________are nonmetropolitan communities that are predominantly residential in nature, with little if any industry or business.

A) Bedroom communities
B) Small towns
C) Small cities
D) Rural communities

Question 11

All of the following are common components of a community except :

A) Shared physical space
B) Social interaction
C) Shared sense of identity
D) All of the above

Question 12

are nonmetropolitan communities with a population under 10,000 and often consist of a very small town surrounded by townships.

A) Bedroom communities
B) Small towns
C) Small cities
D) Rural communities

Question 13

The refusal of neighborhood residents to go out in the street at night because of possibly being injured by frequent drive-by shootings is best understood using the______theory.

A) Organizational
B) Social structural
C) Human behavior
D) Communication

Question 14

The______perspective emphasizes the importance of the transactions between systems within an environment.

A) Ecological
B) Social systems
C) Social structural
D) Human behavior

Question 15

What is the common link between such events as Hurricane Katrina, loss of a major employer, and physical violence to gay men?

A) All are task functions of a community.
B) All are system stressors.
C) All represent examples of homeostasis.
D) All of the above

Question 16

__________are nonmetropolitan communities with a population of 8,000-20,000 and are usually not legally organized or chartered. They may offer few, if any, services, relying on the county or parish to provide such basic services as police protection.

A) Bedroom communities
B) Small towns
C) Small cities
D) Rural communities

Question 17

According to the National Association of Social Workers Code of Ethics , social workers are expected to do all of the following except :

A) Promote social justice and social change with and on behalf of clients
B) Ensure that only the most severely in need have total access to resources
C) Attend to the environmental forces that create, contribute to, and address problems in living
D) Focus on individual well-being in a social context and the well-being of society

Question 18

Which of the following is not a function of communities:

A) Socialization
B) Production and consumption of goods and services
C) Promoting social dissonance
D) Social control

Question 19

are nonmetropolitan communities with a population of 15,000-20,000 and are legally organized entities, usually with their own police department and several other city departments.

A) Bedroom communities
B) Small towns
C) Small cities
D) Rural communities

Question 20

A community with a single large employer who owns much of the available housing stock is a(n)________community.

A) Bedroom
B) Rural
C) Institutional
D) Identificational

Question 21

The capacity to move people in a desired direction to accomplish some end is defined in the text as an example of:

A) Social leverage
B) Political acumen
C) Power
D) All of the above

Question 22

According to the authors, the human service practitioners having the broadest mandate are psychologists.

Question 23

Which of the following is (are) a typical purpose of a neighborhood organization?

A) Seeking improved police protection
B) Improving and maintaining property values
C) Providing mutual help for residents
D) All of the above

Question 24

A form of social and economic injustice in which realtors tamper with the natural buying and selling trends in a community or neighborhood is titled:

A) Redlining
B) Blockbusting
C) Gentrification
D) Social stratification

Question 25

All of the following are formal resource systems except :

A) Rotary Club
B) League of Women Voters
C) Churches
D) Coworkers

Question 26

Assuming that those who hold high level jobs such as mayor or city manager have the power in a community is an example of which method of detection:

A) Reputational
B) Issues
C) Positional
D) All of the above

Question 27

All of the following were listed in the text as functions of a neighborhood except :

A) Political
B) Social
C) Economic
D) All of the above are functions of a neighborhood

Question 28

Most decisions affecting funding for social work practice and programs are made:

A) In the political arena
B) In generalist agencies
C) At the local level
D) All of the above

Question 29

Most people access resources at the state level.

Question 30

Which of the following is (are) true regarding rural and urban environments?

A) Urban areas are more likely to experience higher rates of death for children than compared to rural areas.
B) Poverty rates tend to be higher in rural areas, particularly in the northeast.
C) In a crisis, rural dwellers are more likely to consult a spiritual advisor than a mental health professional.
D) Rural areas are more likely to experience lower rates of death for young adults than urban areas.

Question 31

The community and neighborhood exert significant influence upon individuals in most areas of the world.

Question 32

The welfare of individual social services clients is inextricably linked to policies and programs established by people in authority.

Question 33

The reputational approach is used when one is trying to determine who has the________in the community.

A) Power
B) Money
C) Official jobs
D) Prestige

Question 34

Norms are those principles a group considers important.

Question 35

The text defines a__________ community as one that will identify community needs and assets, define common goals and objectives, set priorities, develop strategies for collective action, implement actions consistent with agreed-upon strategies, and monitor results.

A) Competent
B) Comprehensive
C) Collective
D) Consistent

Question 36

______systems are institutionalized organizations or services, such as private and public social service agencies, family service agencies, and libraries.

A) Informal
B) Societal
C) Formal

Question 37

Another term for "guest worker" in the United States is undocumented worker.

Question 38

__________is the link between the operation of formal and informal networks of social care in the community and the actual results achieved by these networks.

A) Collective competence
B) Community capacity
C) Power distribution
D) Commerce acculturation

Question 39

The modern equivalent of______is the large numbers of legal and illegal immigrants flocking to cities.

A) Urbanization
B) Suburbanization
C) Gentrification
D) Social stratification

Question 40

In the highlight regarding the closing of the Geneva Steel Plant, all of the following were found in a follow-up study of 600 workers, except:

A) The unemployment rate among former workers was six times as high as was the case for the rest of the region.
B) Those laid off were five times more likely to describe their marriage as better than it had been.
C) Workers were seven times more likely to face major financial difficulties.
D) Only 20 percent of the laid-off workers were employed in permanent full-time positions.

Question 41

Defining workers as blue collar, white collar, or working class is an example of social stratification.

Question 42

Zoning laws are designed to maintain property values and restrict certain types of businesses to particular locations in a community.

Question 43

The movement of upper-middle-class professionals and families away from the central cities is called gentrification.

Question 44

Gay and lesbian people do not constitute a community because they lack a defined physical boundary.

Question 45

Action systems include those who benefit directly or indirectly from change.

Question 46

According to ecological theory, human behavior is more readily understood when viewed within the context of a series of transactions with the environment.

Question 47

Community boundaries and city boundaries are both generally easy to identify.

Question 48

Societal resource systems are institutionalized organizations or services.

Question 49

Reservation communities are examples of nonmetropolitan communities.

Question 50

According to the authors, human behavior is a function of the interactions among the cultural, social, biological, and psychological aspects of our environment.

Question 51

Family, friends, and co-workers are part of what we call informal resource systems.

Question 52

Loss of a major employer in a community is an example of homeostasis.

Question 53

Blockbusting is the practice by certain financial institutions of designating an area of a city as being too risky and unprofitable to lend money to those who want to rebuild or refurbish buildings there.

Question 54

According to the text, rural communities have only a few of the problems of urban areas.

Question 55

A  realtor taking advantage of (or encouraging) white owners' fears about neighborhood changes is an example of
blockbusting .

Question 56

A community that enforces norms and values, such as setting speed limits or other restrictions on individuals, is engaged in social control.

Question 57

G enerally speaking, communities cannot be considered social systems because they don't provide maintenance
functions .

Question 58

Neighborhoods offer the same types and breadths of services as do communities.

Question 59

Succession in a community is th e tendency of each new group of immigrants to force out or replace existing groups previously living in a neighborhood.

Question 60

The attempts of one segment of the community to address a serious problem can end up causing problems for other segments of the community.

Question 61

Define social stratification. Explain why this is a conceptual tool and why it can be used to discriminate.

Question 62

One factor in assessing community capacity is the collective competence of the community in addressing challenges.

Question 63

What are the three primary types of community resource systems? Cite an example of each and explain why they are important in macro practice.

Question 64

Describe a situation in which the social worker might be the change agent, action, and initiator system, all at the same time.

Question 65

List four types of communities and provide an example of each.

Question 66

Why do the authors contend that communities are often battlegrounds for multiple groups and organizations? Give examples.

Question 67

The only truly important type of power is actual power.

Question 68

Institutional functions in neighborhoods include shopping centers and markets.

Question 69

According to the authors, there are only a few neighborhood organizations in America and they are declining in importance.

Question 70

A typical key informant in a community would be the school principal.

Question 71

G ambling, bartering, and child and lawn care are often considered part of the underground economy of a community.

Question 72

Compare and contrast the following theoretical perspectives regarding communities:
a. Social systems
b. Social structural
c. Ecological
d. Human behavior

Question 73

The assessment that led to the development of Kids Place (described in the text) began with a community survey of the children.

Question 74

Underclass is the term that refers to the poorest of the poor.

Question 75

Discuss how a community can be both the context for social work practice and the target for change. Give examples of each.

Question 76

List two examples that could be included in the nontraditional definition of community.

Question 77

Diagram a Model for Community Assessment.

Question 78

Powerful community members can be found by noting whose names appear in the local media most often.